TIK-2: Hardware Addressing OS, Programming Lang, Apps 

Address Bus 

Mac Address ● eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 3c:97:0e:0d:99:c7 ● wlan0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 74:e5:43:6f:26:8a ● Address Bus 48 bit hexadecimal, unique 

I/O Port ● 0000-0cf7 PCI Bus 0000:00 ● 0060-0060 keyboard ● 0062-0062 EC data ● 0064-0064 keyboard ● 0066-0066 EC cmd ● 0070-0077 rtc0 ● 0080-008f dma page reg ● 00a0-00a1 pic2 ● 00c0-00df dma2 ● 00f0-00ff fpu ● 03c0-03df vesafb ● 0400-0403 ACPI PM1a_EVT_BLK ● 0404-0405 pnp 00:06 

I/O Port [2] ● 2000-2fff PCI Bus 0000:03 ● 2000-207f Qualcomm Atheros AR8162 Fast Ethernet (rev 10) ● 3000-303f Intel Corporation 3rd Gen Core processor Graphics Controller (rev 09) ● 3060-307f Intel Corporation 7 Series Chipset Family 6-port SATA Controller [AHCI mode] ● 3060-307f AHCI SATA low-level driver ● 3080-3087 Intel Corporation 7 Series Chipset Family 6-port SATA Controller [AHCI mode] ● 3080-3087 AHCI SATA low-level driver ● 3088-308f Intel Corporation 7 Series Chipset Family 6-port SATA Controller [AHCI mode] ● 3088-308f AHCI SATA low-level driver ● 3090-3093 Intel Corporation 7 Series Chipset Family 6-port SATA Controller [AHCI mode] ● 3090-3093 AHCI SATA low-level driver ● 3094-3097 Intel Corporation 7 Series Chipset Family 6-port SATA Controller [AHCI mode] ● 3094-3097 AHCI SATA low-level driver ● efa0-efbf Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family SMBus Controller (rev 04) 

Memory Address ● e0000000-efffffff Intel Corporation 3rd Gen Core processor Graphics Controller (rev 09) (prog-if 00 [VGA controller]) ● f0000000-f03fffff Intel Corporation 3rd Gen Core processor Graphics Controller (rev 09) (prog-if 00 [VGA controller]) ● f0400000-f04fffff PCI Bus 0000:03 ● f0400000-f043ffff Qualcomm Atheros AR8162 Fast Ethernet (rev 10) ● f0400000-f043ffff Qualcomm Atheros(R) AR816x/AR817x PCI-E Ethernet Network Driver ● f0500000-f05fffff PCI Bus 0000:02 ● f0500000-f050ffff Qualcomm Atheros AR9285 Wireless Network Adapter (PCI- Express) (rev 01) ● f0500000-f050ffff Support for Atheros 802.11n wireless LAN cards. ● f0600000-f060ffff Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family USB xHCI Host Controller (rev 04) (prog-if 30 [XHCI]) 

Memory Address [2] ● f0600000-f060ffff xhci_hcd ● f0610000-f0613fff Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller (rev 04) ● f0610000-f0613fff ICH HD audio ● f0614000-f06140ff Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family SMBus Controller (rev 04) ● f0615000-f061500f Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family MEI Controller #1 (rev 04) ● f0615000-f061500f Intel(R) Management Engine Interface ● f0617000-f06177ff Intel Corporation 7 Series Chipset Family 6-port SATA Controller [AHCI mode] (rev 04) (prog-if 01 [AHCI 1.0]) ● f0617000-f06177ff AHCI SATA low-level driver ● f0618000-f06183ff Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #1 (rev 04) (prog-if 20 [EHCI]) ● f0618000-f06183ff ehci_hcd ● f0619000-f06193ff Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #2 (rev 04) (prog-if 20 [EHCI]) 

Computer Port ● Serial ports send and receive one bit at a time via a single wire pair (Ground and +/-) E.g: USB, DB-15, etc ● Parallel ports send multiple bits at the same time over several sets of wires. E.g: DB-25 

Software ● Operating System ● Programming language ● Utility 

Operating System At the simplest level, an operating system does two things: ● Manage hardware and software resources (include such things as the processor, memory, disk space) ● It provides a stable & consistent way for applications to deal with the hardware without having to know all the details of the hardware. 

Operating System 

OS ● Unix – Mac OS X – BSD – Solaris ● Windows ● Linux ● Minix 

Unix and the like ● Unix ● Mac OS X ● BSD ● FreeBSD ● OpenBSD ● Solaris (by Sun/Oracle) ● AIX (by IBM) 

1969 1971 to 1973 1974 to 1975 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 to 2004 2006 to 2007 2008 2005 1969 1971 to 1973 1974 to 1975 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 to 2004 2006 to 2007 2005 Open Source Mixed/Shared Source Closed Source HP-UX 1.0 to 1.2 HP-UX 2.0 to 3.0 HP-UX 6 to 11 HP-UX 11i to 11i v3 OpenSolaris and derivatives Solaris 2.1 to 9 System III System V R1 to R2 System V R3 System V R4 UnixWare 1.x to 2.x UnixWare 7.x OpenServer 6.0 OpenServer 5.0.5 to 5.0.7 OpenServer 5.0 to 5.04 SCO Unix 3.2.4 SCO Xenix V/386 SCO Xenix V/386 SCO Xenix V/286 SCO Xenix Xenix 3.0 Xenix 1.0 to 2.3 PWB/Unix AIX 1.0 AIX 3.x to 7.1 OpenBSD 2.3 to 5.x OpenBSD 1.0 to 2.2 Sun OS 4 Sun OS 1.2 to 3.0 Sun OS 1 to 1.1 Unix/32V Unix Version 1 to 4 Unix Version 5 to 6 Unix Version 7 Unnamed PDP-7 operating system BSD 1.0 to 2.0 BSD 3.0 to 4.1 BSD 4.2 BSD 4.3 Unix Version 8 Unix 9 and 10 (last versions from Bell Labs) NEXTSTEP/ OPENSTEP 1.0 to 4.0 Mac OS X Server Mac OS X 10.0 to 10.9.x (Darwin) Minix 1.x Minix 2.x Minix 3.x Linux 2.0 to 2.6.x Linux 0.95 to 1.2.x Linux 0.0.1 BSD 4.3 Tahoe BSD 4.3 Reno BSD 4.4 to 4.4 lite2 NetBSD 0.8 to 1.0 NetBSD 1.1 to 1.2 NetBSD 1.3 NetBSD 1.3 to 6.x FreeBSD 3.3 to 9.x FreeBSD 3.0 to 3.2 FreeBSD 1.0 to 2.2.x 386BSD BSD NET/2 Linux 3.x 2008 Solaris 10 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 Solaris 11 2012 to 2013 2012 to 2013 

Windows 1.Windows 1.Windows 1.0 2.Windows NT 3.Windows ME 4.Windows XP 5.Windows 7 6.Windows 8 7.Window 10 

Windows Timeline 

Linux-Based OS ● Slackware ● Redhat – Fedora – Centos – SUSE ● Debian – Ubuntu – Linux Mint – Arch Linux 

Unix/Linux Hierarchy 

Others ● Chrome OS ● Android ● QNX/Blackberry ● Z/OS ● Minix ● iOS ● Palm OS ● Symbian 

Programming Language 

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