Building Containerized Applications with Docker

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Building Containerized Applications with Docker Laura Frank rheinwein @rhein_wein

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Containerization: what is it? Using containers in your project Docker basics

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Docker != containers

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A tool for managing containers • Managing code to run inside • Executing and running code Docker

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• Run in a self-contained execution environment • Share the kernel of host system • Are isolated from other containers • Have fast boot times & low overhead Containers

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A container is a virtualization layer — sort of like a VM — but with some fundamental differences If you deploy your applications in virtual machines, you can instead deploy them in containers.

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hardware host OS hypervisor $ guest OS libraries web $ guest OS $ guest OS libraries DB libraries web

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hardware host OS libraries web libraries DB libraries web

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hardware host OS container runtime engine libraries libraries web web DB

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Containers have slightly more complexity but They reduce the amount of time/space resources needed to run your application

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• It’s fast! • It’s cheap! • It’s portable! • It’s safe! Beneﬁts of Containerization

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Docker Basics

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A tool for managing containers • Managing code to run inside • Executing and running code Docker

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Engine Hub docker.com

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registry.hub.docker.com

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Interacting with the Registry • Push and pull —just like GitHub • Two types of images • Services • Project base images

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Private Registries • Get image from Docker Registry • Can have authentication • Push and pull just like with Docker Hub

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A tool for managing containers • Managing code to run inside • Executing and running code Docker

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hardware host OS container runtime engine libraries libraries app 1 app 1 app 2

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• docker run my_image • docker pull your_image • docker images • docker ps Docker CLI

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Using Containers in Your Application

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• A computer • Application code • Coffee (if you’d like) Things you need Installing Docker

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Anything else? You need to use a lightweight VM. Pro Tip: Boot2Docker (OSX and Windows) Linux? Install Docker with ofﬁcial packages. A Computer

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To run your application in a container, you must ﬁrst create an image Application Code All containers are based on images An image is controlled by a Dockerﬁle

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Application Code Two ways to get images: docker pull foo/bar or docker run foo/bar 1. Pull down from Docker Hub docker build -t foo/bar . 2. Build from your own Dockerﬁle

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• Available on Docker Hub • Maintained by other people (laziness++) • Repositories includes instructions for bootstrapping • Images can be base images or actually run services Application Code: Ofﬁcial Images

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Application Code • Static: all ﬁles and code are contained in image • Dynamic: link folders to modify code (development only)

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Application Code • Static: all ﬁles and code are contained in image • Dynamic: link folders to modify code (development only)

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Application Code Using static images from the Docker Hub, you can create a containerized application without having to write your own code docker run mysql (…) docker run wordpress (…)

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Application Code You can also package your own code and run it. docker run mysql (…) docker run my_image (…) docker build -t my_image .

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FROM centurylink/ruby-base:2.1.2 MAINTAINER Laura Frank EXPOSE 4567 RUN mkdir -p /usr/src/app ADD . /usr/src/app WORKDIR /usr/src/app RUN bundle install CMD “ruby hello_world.rb" Dockerﬁle

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FROM centurylink/ruby-base:2.1.2 MAINTAINER Laura Frank EXPOSE 4567 RUN mkdir -p /usr/src/app ADD . /usr/src/app WORKDIR /usr/src/app RUN bundle install CMD “ruby hello_world.rb" Dockerﬁle

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FROM centurylink/ruby-base:2.1.2 MAINTAINER Laura Frank EXPOSE 4567 RUN mkdir -p /usr/src/app ADD . /usr/src/app WORKDIR /usr/src/app RUN bundle install CMD “ruby hello_world.rb" Dockerﬁle This copies code into the container STATIC! Not for apps under active development Great for dependencies and production applications

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But this seems like a lot of tedious work, and I am very lazy.

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Application Templating • Use your own images, or images from the Docker Registry • Specify conﬁg options beforehand • Run applications with one or two simple commands

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Text-only templating tool ﬁg.sh Dump requirements into ﬁg.yml and run with fig up Fig aka Docker Compose

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Templating language similar to Fig/Docker Compose Supports remote deployments panamax.io/get-panamax

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--- name: Rails with PostgreSQL description: Rails with PostgreSQL images: - category: Web Tier name: Rails source: rheinwein/rails:latest description: Rails App type: Default expose: [] ports: - host_port: '8080' container_port: '3000' links: - service: Database alias: DB_1 environment: [] volumes: []

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–Johnny Appleseed “Type a quote here.”

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Docker Hub: registry.hub.docker.com Boot2Docker: boot2docker.io Panamax: panamax.io Rails Girls Summer of Code!: railsgirlssummerofcode.org rheinwein/hello-world-container-demo

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Thanks! Laura Frank rheinwein @rhein_wein