Architecture Gathering 2022 - Map for the Platform Jungle

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https://www.macrumors.com/2019/12/20/apple-platform-security-guide-published/

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https://www.oreilly.com/library/view/java-7-pocket/9781449343743/ch09.html

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https://www.salesforce.com/de/products/what-is-salesforce/

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https://www.plattform-i40.de/IP/Navigation/DE/Home/home.html

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https://medium.com/flutter-community/facebook-vs-google-the-battle-of-their-cross-platform-frameworks-f8e9be0f2e81

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https://pt.slideshare.net/AmazonWebServices/aws-foundational-and-platform-services-module-1-parts-2-3-awsome-day-2017/2

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https://www.routexp.com/2019/01/private-cloud-microsoft-azure-platform.html

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https://www.plusserver.com/blog/google-cloud

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https://www.plattform-lernende-systeme.de/home-en.html

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https://www.orafox.com/android-vs-ios-which-platform-to-build-your-first-mobile-app-on/

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https://medium.com/globant/how-do-iot-platforms-fit-in-e94d1c2eee2c

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https://www.linuxfoundation.org/blog/lfx-platform-growing-and-sustaining-open-source/

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https://www.sap.com/germany/products/cloud-platform.html

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https://hernaes.com/2015/10/29/what-is-a-digital-ecossytem/

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https://www.blockchain-insider.de/was-ist-ethereum-a-857830/

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https://www.polygonalmind.com/blog-posts/metaverse-platform-comparison-virtual-worlds-on-the-blockchain

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https://www.netzoekonom.de/plattform-oekonomie/

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Technology Platform Digital (Ecosystem) Platform Application / Business Logic Technology / Infrastructure Hardware Software Operated by Developer or Customer Externally Operated / as-a-Service Hardware Platform IaaS Platform Operating System Platform Runtime Environment Platform Runtime Environment Platform with Business Logic PaaS Platform PaaS Platform with Business Logic Marketplace Platform On-Demand Service Platform Communication / Interaction Platform Data Harvesting Platform Content Crowdsourcing Platform Content Distribution Platform Platform Economy Platform “Use the platform to build and run software on top” “Use the platform to consume its service and participate in the ecosystem” Windows AWS PaaS, Azure PaaS Salesforce PaaS AirBnB, Ebay Uber Wikipedia AdSense Waze Facebook, WhatsApp Open Source ERP Systems AWS IaaS, Azure IaaS Intel x64 Java, .NET, Cloud Foundry YouTube Examples

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Technology Platform Digital (Ecosystem) Platform Application / Business Logic Technology / Infrastructure Hardware Software Operated by Developer or Customer Externally Operated / as-a-Service Hardware Platform IaaS Platform Communication / Interaction Platform Data Harvesting Platform Content Crowdsourcing Platform Content Distribution Platform Platform Economy Platform “Use the platform to build and run software on top” “Use the platform to consume its service and participate in the ecosystem” Wikipedia AdSense Waze Facebook, WhatsApp AWS IaaS, Azure IaaS Intel x64 YouTube Examples Software Ecosystem Platform Eclipse, Firefox, iOS, Android Operating System Platform Runtime Environment Platform Runtime Environment Platform with Business Logic PaaS Platform PaaS Platform with Business Logic Windows AWS PaaS, Azure PaaS Salesforce PaaS Open Source ERP Systems Java, .NET, Cloud Foundry Marketplace Platform On-Demand Service Platform AirBnB, Ebay Uber

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Digital (Ecosystem) Platform Application / Business Logic Technology / Infrastructure Hardware Software Operated by Developer or Customer Externally Operated / as-a-Service Hardware Platform IaaS Platform Communication / Interaction Platform Data Harvesting Platform Content Crowdsourcing Platform Content Distribution Platform Platform Economy Platform “Use the platform to build and run software on top” “Use the platform to consume its service and participate in the ecosystem” Wikipedia AdSense Waze Facebook, WhatsApp AWS IaaS, Azure IaaS Intel x64 YouTube Examples Software Ecosystem Platform Eclipse, Firefox, iOS, Android Operating System Platform Runtime Environment Platform Runtime Environment Platform with Business Logic PaaS Platform PaaS Platform with Business Logic Windows AWS PaaS, Azure PaaS Salesforce PaaS Open Source ERP Systems Java, .NET, Cloud Foundry Marketplace Platform On-Demand Service Platform AirBnB, Ebay Uber Application (potentially provided as SaaS) Application (potentially provided as SaaS) Word Slack Technology Platform

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“SaaS Software Platform” Technology Platform Digital (Ecosystem) Platform Application / Business Logic Technology / Infrastructure Hardware Software Operated by Developer or Customer Externally Operated / as-a-Service Hardware Platform IaaS Platform Operating System Platform Runtime Environment Platform Runtime Environment Platform with Business Logic PaaS Platform PaaS Platform with Business Logic Marketplace Platform On-Demand Service Platform Communication / Interaction Platform Data Harvesting Platform Content Crowdsourcing Platform Content Distribution Platform Platform Economy Platform ~ Innovation Platform ~ Transaction Platform Salesforce Slack Examples

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“SaaS Software Platform” Vendor Platform Technology Platform Digital (Ecosystem) Platform Application / Business Logic Technology / Infrastructure Hardware Software Operated by Developer or Customer Externally Operated / as-a-Service Hardware Platform IaaS Platform Operating System Platform Runtime Environment Platform Runtime Environment Platform with Business Logic PaaS Platform PaaS Platform with Business Logic Marketplace Platform On-Demand Service Platform Communication / Interaction Platform Data Harvesting Platform Content Crowdsourcing Platform Content Distribution Platform Platform Economy Platform ~ Innovation Platform ~ Transaction Platform Domain Platform Data Platform IoT Platform Cloud Platform “Alliance Platform” Salesforce Slack Metaverse Platform Apple Platform Philips HealthSuite Cloudera Siemens Mindsphere Decentraland Examples Technology Platform Digital (Ecosystem) Platform Application / Business Logic Technology / Infrastructure Hardware Software Operated by Developer or Customer Externally Operated / as-a-Service Hardware Platform IaaS Platform Operating System Platform Runtime Environment Platform Runtime Environment Platform with Business Logic PaaS Platform PaaS Platform with Business Logic Marketplace Platform On-Demand Service Platform Communication / Interaction Platform Data Harvesting Platform Content Crowdsourcing Platform Content Distribution Platform Platform Economy Platform Windows AWS PaaS, Azure PaaS Salesforce PaaS AirBnB, Ebay Uber Wikipedia AdSense Waze Facebook, WhatsApp Open Source ERP Systems AWS IaaS, Azure IaaS Intel x64 Java, .NET, Cloud Foundry YouTube Plattform Industrie 4.0 Plattf. Lernende Systeme AWS Azure GCP

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“SaaS Software Platform” Vendor Platform Technology Platform Digital (Ecosystem) Platform Application / Business Logic Technology / Infrastructure Hardware Software Operated by Developer or Customer Externally Operated / as-a-Service Hardware Platform IaaS Platform Operating System Platform Runtime Environment Platform Runtime Environment Platform with Business Logic PaaS Platform PaaS Platform with Business Logic Marketplace Platform On-Demand Service Platform Communication / Interaction Platform Data Harvesting Platform Content Crowdsourcing Platform Content Distribution Platform Platform Economy Platform ~ Innovation Platform ~ Transaction Platform Domain Platform Data Platform IoT Platform Cloud Platform “Alliance Platform” Salesforce Slack Metaverse Platform Apple Platform Philips HealthSuite Cloudera Siemens Mindsphere Decentraland Technology Platform Digital (Ecosystem) Platform Application / Business Logic Technology / Infrastructure Hardware Software Operated by Developer or Customer Externally Operated / as-a-Service Hardware Platform IaaS Platform Operating System Platform Runtime Environment Platform Runtime Environment Platform with Business Logic PaaS Platform PaaS Platform with Business Logic Marketplace Platform On-Demand Service Platform Communication / Interaction Platform Data Harvesting Platform Content Crowdsourcing Platform Content Distribution Platform Platform Economy Platform Windows AWS PaaS, Azure PaaS Salesforce PaaS AirBnB, Ebay Uber Wikipedia AdSense Waze Facebook, WhatsApp Open Source ERP Systems AWS IaaS, Azure IaaS Intel x64 Java, .NET, Cloud Foundry YouTube Plattform Industrie 4.0 Plattf. Lernende Systeme AWS Azure GCP Technology Platforms Digital Ecosystem Platforms “Just Borrowed the Name” Platforms “SaaS Software Platforms” “Blend of … Platforms”

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“SaaS Software Platform” Technology Platform Digital Ecosystem Platform ▪ Focus mainly on technological aspects ▪ Enables reuse / sharing among many systems ▪ User of platform can focus on its core business ▪ New, digital, data-driven business models ▪ Possibility for disruptive repositioning ▪ High scalability & growth ▪ Network effects ▪ Efficient markets ▪ High level of harmonization ▪ Great UX, simplicity ▪ Openness, low entry barriers ▪ New, digital, data-driven business models ▪ New revenue models ▪ Possibility for disruptive repositioning ▪ Fast updates ▪ New customer segments ▪ High scalability, globally ▪ Great UX, simplicity ▪ Openness, low entry barriers ▪ Focusing on limited scope, doing there really great ▪ Dedicated and responsible team, treating the platform as long-term product ▪ Strong financial support for initial growth phase ▪ Trying out, continuous evolution, and fast reaction to market needs

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▪ The term “platform” is highly overloaded ▪ Platforms can be extremely powerful and relevant ▪ You need a clear map of platform terms ▪ Look at business, legal, technology aspects ▪ Shape a clear goal wrt. platforms ▪ Don’t start with technology ▪ We should not leave the field to the overseas tech giants

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Digitale Ökosysteme: Welche Herausforderungen stellt der Aufbau und wie gelingt er? https://www.informatik-aktuell.de/management-und-recht/digitalisierung/digitale-oekosysteme-welche-herausforderungen-stellt-der-aufbau-und-wie-gelingt-er.html Digitale Ökosysteme und Plattformökonomie: Was ist das und was sind die Chancen? https://www.informatik-aktuell.de/management-und-recht/digitalisierung/digitale-oekosysteme-und-plattformoekonomie.htm Dr. Marcus Trapp Dr. Matthias Naab Dr. Dominik Rost Claudia Nass Matthias Koch Bernd Rauch