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Product and promotion cc licensed ( BY NC ND ) flickr photo by onurguven: http://flic.kr/p/8zTpFQ

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Marketing research • Market? • Primary data • Secondary data

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Primary data • Observation • Surveys • Interviews • Focus groups • Experiments –Cherry Vanilla Dr. Pepper: 61 formulas, 3904 tastings –Frito Lay chips: 4-psi breaking strength

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Primary data • Advantages? –Recent –Relevant –Proprietary • Disadvantages? –Expensive –Time to design/collect –Expertise in research design/analysis?

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Secondary data • Already-existing information • Census • CIA World factbook

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Secondary data • Advantages? –Fast –Inexpensive –Professional design/analysis • Disadvantages –May be out of date –May ask wrong questions –No competitive advantage

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Managing product life cycle • Extension –New uses –New markets –Increased uses (3 most brilliant words in all of marketing?)

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What is a brand? • trademark • marks that identify the source of goods ™ ®

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Branding and brand equity • Why are brands important? –brand equity –brand awareness –brand association –brand loyalty

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Packaging & labeling

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Purpose • Contain product • Prevent damage • Deter theft • Gain attention –Supermarket: 15,000 items –Walmart/Target: 142,000 items –SuperTarget/Supercenter: >200,000 –300 items/minute while shopping –70% of purchase decisions made in-store

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Labelling • Identify brand • Provide information –Ingredients –Shelf life –Risks/warnings –Instructions –Regulated disclosures –UPC –RFID

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promotion strategy cc licensed ( BY SD ) flickr photo by iakoubtchik: http://flic.kr/p/cDRk2E

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consumer decisions

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Consumer decision process • High-involvement • Low-involvement –risk –time –resources –cost

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Consumer decision process • Problem recognition • Information search • Evaluation of alternatives • Purchase decision • Post-purchase evaluation –Cognitive dissonance

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promotion mix • advertising • personal selling • publicity • sales promotions

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advertising media mix • paid, non-personal messages • newspapers • TV • direct mail • email • radio • magazines • internet

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cc licensed ( BY SD ) flickr photo by Thristian: http://flic.kr/p/7p7Xjd promotion strategy

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trade promotion • trade allowance • display premiums • dealer contests • travel bonus

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cc licensed ( BY NC ND ) flickr photo by greenkozi: http://flic.kr/p/5Y4LVd promotion strategy

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consumer promotion • coupons • rebates • point-of-purchase • event sponsorship • cross-promotion • samples • premiums

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promotion goals • inform • persuade • remind

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public relations • crisis communications • news release • press conference