Kubernetes 101 - Speaker Deck

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Google Container Engine (Kubernetes 101) Google NEXT Extended 2017 Singapore @vincentdesmet

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@vincentdesmet DevOps - honestbee.sg

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Applications evolve Reference: http://docker.com Loosely Coupled Services Many Small Servers ~2000 Today Monolithic Big Servers Slow changing Rapidly updated

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Containers / VMs Infrastructure Container Runtime Interface Bins / Libs Host OS Infrastructure Hypervisor AppA Bins / Libs AppA Guest OS Bins/Libs AppB Guest OS Bins/Libs AppB

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Docker containers Reference: http://docker.com • Packages up software binaries and dependencies • Isolates software from each other • Container is a standard format • Easily portable across environment • Allows ecosystem to develop around its standard Container

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Docker Concepts Docker Image The basis of a Docker container Docker Container The standard unit in which the application service resides Docker Engine Creates, ships and runs Docker containers deployable on physical or virtual host locally, in a datacenter or cloud service provider Docker Registry On-premises registry for image storing and collaboration

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Docker Tools: BUILD, SHIP, RUN

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KUBERNETES "κυβερνήτης" (kubernetes) is Greek for "pilot" or "helmsman of ship"

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WHAT IS KUBERNETES? •Container orchestrator •Runs and manages containers •Supports multiple cloud & bare-metal environments •100% Open Source written in Go •Built on decades of experience of running containers at Google •First project hosted by CNCF (Accepted on Mar. 11 2016) Container packaged Dynamically scheduled (Micro) Service oriented

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PODS & VOLUMES Container Foo Container Bar Namespaces: - Net - IPC - … volumes

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PODS & VOLUMES volumes

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LABELS app : my-app role : master track: stable

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LABELS app : my-app role : master track: stable app : my-app role : worker track: stable app : my-app role : worker track: canary app : my-app role : master track: canary

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SELECTORS app : my-app app : my-app role : master track: stable app : my-app role : worker track: stable app : my-app role : worker track: canary app : my-app role : master track: canary

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SELECTORS app : my-app role : worker app : my-app role : master track: stable app : my-app role : worker track: stable app : my-app role : worker track: canary app : my-app role : master track: canary

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SELECTORS app : my-app track: canary app : my-app role : master track: stable app : my-app role : worker track: stable app : my-app role : worker track: canary app : my-app role : master track: canary

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CONTROL LOOPS Desired state Actual state pods: - foo - bar pods: - foo

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CONTROL LOOPS Desired state Actual state pods: - foo - bar pods: - foo create “bar” Create

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CONTROL LOOPS Desired state Actual state pods: - foo - bar pods: - foo - bar

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REPLICA SETS + Replica Set: - replicas: 1 - selector: - app: my-app - version: 1.0 - Desired State: - Pod Specification - Replica Count - Label Selector

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REPLICA SETS + Replica Set: - replicas: 2 - selector: - app: my-app - version: 1.0

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REPLICA SETS + Replica Set: - replicas: 4 - selector: - app: my-app - version: 1.0

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SERVICES Service: - nodePort: 30128 - selector: - app: my-app - version: 1.0 - de-couple discovery from application - Define how to access pods - Act as a proxy (Virtual IP - stable for DNS) Think of: - Dynamic Routing Table

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CANARIES + Replica Set: - replicas: 2 - selector: - app: my-app - version: 1.0 Service: - nodePort: 30128 - selector: - app: my-app + Replica Set: - replicas: 1 - selector: - app: my-app - version: canary Think of: - Partially live the new version

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DEPLOYMENTS Service: - nodePort: 30128 - selector: - app: my-app + Replica Set: - replicas: 2 - selector: - app: my-app - version: 1.0 + - Manage updates with Deployment resources

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UPDATES Service: - nodePort: 30128 - selector: - app: my-app + Replica Set: - replicas: 4 - selector: - app: my-app - version: 1.0 + Deployment: - strategy: - rollingUpdate

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UPDATES Service: - nodePort: 30128 - selector: - app: my-app + + Replica Set: - replicas: 1 - selector: - app: my-app - version: 2.0 Replica Set: - replicas: 4 - selector: - app: my-app - version: 1.0 + Deployment: - strategy: - rollingUpdate

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UPDATES Service: - nodePort: 30128 - selector: - app: my-app + + Replica Set: - replicas: 1 - selector: - app: my-app - version: 2.0 Replica Set: - replicas: 3 - selector: - app: my-app - version: 1.0 + Deployment: - strategy: - rollingUpdate

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UPDATES Service: - nodePort: 30128 - selector: - app: my-app + + Replica Set: - replicas: 2 - selector: - app: my-app - version: 2.0 Replica Set: - replicas: 3 - selector: - app: my-app - version: 1.0 + Deployment: - strategy: - rollingUpdate

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UPDATES Service: - nodePort: 30128 - selector: - app: my-app + + Replica Set: - replicas: 2 - selector: - app: my-app - version: 2.0 Replica Set: - replicas: 2 - selector: - app: my-app - version: 1.0 + Deployment: - strategy: - rollingUpdate

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UPDATES Service: - nodePort: 30128 - selector: - app: my-app + + Replica Set: - replicas: 3 - selector: - app: my-app - version: 2.0 Replica Set: - replicas: 2 - selector: - app: my-app - version: 1.0 + Deployment: - strategy: - rollingUpdate

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UPDATES Service: - nodePort: 30128 - selector: - app: my-app + + Replica Set: - replicas: 3 - selector: - app: my-app - version: 2.0 Replica Set: - replicas: 1 - selector: - app: my-app - version: 1.0 + Deployment: - strategy: - rollingUpdate

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UPDATES Service: - nodePort: 30128 - selector: - app: my-app + Replica Set: - replicas: 4 - selector: - app: my-app - version: 2.0 Replica Set: - replicas: 1 - selector: - app: my-app - version: 1.0 + + Deployment: - strategy: - rollingUpdate

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UPDATES Service: - nodePort: 30128 - selector: - app: my-app + Replica Set: - replicas: 4 - selector: - app: my-app - Version: 2.0 Replica Set: - replicas: 0 - selector: - app: my-app - version: 1.0 + + Deployment: - strategy: - rollingUpdate

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UPDATES Service: - nodePort: 30128 - selector: - app: my-app + Replica Set: - replicas: 4 - selector: - app: my-app - Version: 2.0 + Deployment: - strategy: - rollingUpdate

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CONFIGMAPS Service: - nodePort: 30128 - selector: - app: my-app + + Deployment: - strategy: - rollingUpdate ConfigMap: - sample.yaml: | env: production cache: true max_threads: 8

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SECRETS Service: - nodePort: 30128 - selector: - app: my-app + + Deployment: - strategy: - rollingUpdate Secret: - sample.yaml: | key: *** db_user: *** db_pw: ***

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Demo Minikube

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Getting Started - Free trial cluster - cloud.google.com/container-engine (single node) locally - github.com/kubernetes/minikube - Join www.meetup.com/GCPUGSG/

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Honestbee We are Hiring DevOps!

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Thank you!

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Recap - Multiple resource types - Deployments - Services - ConfigMaps - Secrets - … - Serializable Manifests: Infrastructure as code

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Overview Concepts: - Containers - Pods - Volumes - Labels & Label Queries - Control Loops & Controllers - Deployment - ReplicaSet - Service

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Shipping, Deploying & Service Discovery

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Helm: Package Manager - Collaboration with Google, Bitnami, Deis and others - Deis/Helm -> Kubernetes/Helm - Architecture: - Client: Helm - Server: Tiller - This talk: - Focused on writing charts

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Helm core values - Aim for the Apt/Yum/Homebrew UX - Ensure collaboration - Reproducible releases - Shareable Packages

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Chart, Repositories, Releases - Chart: “Package”, “Bundle” - Repository: Package Repository Evolving towards a registry (CoreOS) - Release: Installed Chart (same chart can be installed multiple times)

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Basic Architecture Client - Server

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Usage

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Review using helm - Install charts (creates a release) - helm install - List releases - helm ls - - Bootstrap charts - helm create

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More features - Upgrade Releases - helm upgrade - Search Charts - helm search - KubeApps.com (Monocular - https://github.com/helm/monocular) - Manage Chart dependencies - requirements.yaml - helm dep up - Helm Plugins - Keybase: helm keybase sign/verify - GitHub: helm github push

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More info Kubecon talk