2FA, WTF? (April 2016) - Speaker Deck

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2FA, WTF?

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HACKERS

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ARE

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EVERYWHERE

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Phil Nash @philnash h p:/ /philna.sh [email protected]

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2FA, WTF?

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TWO FACTOR AUTHENTICATION

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Two Factor Authen ca on 2FA is a security process in which a user provides two different forms of iden fica on in order to authen cate themself with a system. The two forms must come from different categories. Normally something you know and something you have.

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WHY?

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MAT HONAN

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Mat Honan's Hackers' Timeline 1. Found Gmail address on his personal site 2. Entered address in Gmail and found his @me.com back up email 3. Called Amazon to add a credit card to ﬁle 4. Called Amazon again to reset password and got access 5. 4:33pm: called Apple to reset password 6. 4:50pm: reset AppleID password and gained access to email

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Mat Honan's Hackers' Timeline 7. 4:52pm: reset Gmail account password 8. 5:01pm: wiped iPhone 9. 5:02pm: reset Twi er password 10. 5:05pm: wiped MacBook and deleted Google account 11. 5:12pm: posted to Twi er taking credit for the hack

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@MAT

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WHY?

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ASHLEY MADISON

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Ashley Madison Top 10 Passwords 1. 123456 2. 12345 3. password 4. DEFAULT 5. 123456789 6. qwerty 7. 12345678 8. abc123 9. NSFW 10. 1234567

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Ashley Madison Top 10 Passwords 1. 123456 ‐ 120,511 users 2. 12345 ‐ 48,452 users 3. password ‐ 39,448 users 4. DEFAULT ‐ 34,275 users 5. 123456789 ‐ 26,620 users 6. qwerty ‐ 20,778 users 7. 12345678 ‐ 14,172 users 8. abc123 ‐ 10,869 users 9. NSFW ‐ 10,683 users 10. 1234567 ‐ 9,468 users Source: h p:/ /qz.com/501073/the‐top‐100‐passwords‐on‐ashley‐madison/

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HOW?

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User Registra on Flow 1. Visit registra on page 2. Sign up with username and password 3. User is logged in

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User Log In Flow 1. Visit login page 2. Enter username and password 3. System veriﬁes details 4. User is logged in

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SMS

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User Registra on Flow 1. Visit registra on page 2. Sign up with username, password and phone nunber 3. User is logged in

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User Log In Flow 1. Visit login page 2. Enter username and password 3. System verifies details 4. Verifica on code sent to user by SMS 5. User enters verifica on code 6. System verifies code 7. User is logged in

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PROS/CONS

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SOFT TOKEN

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User Registra on Flow 1. Visit registra on page 2. Sign up with username, password 3. Generate a secret for the user 4. Share the secret somehow 5. User is logged in

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User Log In Flow 1. Visit login page 2. Enter username and password 3. System verifies details 4. User opens auth app 5. User finds app verifica on code and enters on site 6. System verifies code 7. User is logged in

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SECRETS

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HOTP/TOTP

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HOTP H O T P ( K , C ) = T r u n c a t e ( H M A C ( K , C ) ) & 0 x 7 F F F F F F F H O T P - V a l u e = H O T P ( K , C ) m o d 1 0 d

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h ps:/ /github.com/guyht/notp

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TOTP

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DEMO

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SHARING SECRETS

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QR code otpauth:/ /TYPE/LABEL?PARAMETERS otpauth:/ /totp/Example:[email protected]?secret=JBSWY3DPEHPK3PXP&issuer=Example

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PROS/CONS

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CAN IT BE BETTER?

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FRIENDS DON'T LET FRIENDS WRITE THEIR OWN AUTHENTICATION FRAMEWORKS

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FRIENDS DON'T LET FRIENDS WRITE THEIR OWN TWO FACTOR AUTHENTICATION FRAMEWORKS

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User Registra on Flow 1. Visit registra on page 2. Sign up with username, password and phone nunber 3. System registers User with Authy 4. User is logged in

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User Log In Flow 1. Visit login page 2. Enter username and password 3. System verifies details 4. Authy prompts user 5. User finds app verifica on code and enters on site 6. System verifies code with Authy 7. User is logged in