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Browser 2024/04/17 @ Recruit

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Twitter: @yosuke_furukawa Github: yosuke-furukawa

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ຊߨٛͷͶΒ͍ • օ͞Μʹϒϥ΢βͷத਎Λೝࣝͯ͠΋Β͍ɺ಄ͷதʹ ϚοϓΛ࡞ͬͯ΋Β͏ɻ • ϒϥ΢βͷ஍ਤΛ࡞্ͬͨͰ͜ͷ͋ͱͷߨٛʢύ ϑΥʔϚϯεɺηΩϡϦςΟɺJavaScript/ TypeScriptʣΛड͚ͯ΋Β͏͜ͱͰཧղ౓ΛਂΊΔɻ • HTTP/HTMLͳͲͷجૅతͳ෦෼͸ޙ൒ϋϯζΦϯͰ ;ΕΔɻ

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ຊߨٛͷ΋͏ҰͭͷͶΒ͍ • ʮͦ΋ͦ΋ͦΕͬͯͲ͏ͳͬͯΔΜͩΖ͏ʯ Λߟ͑ΔบΛ࣋ͬͯ΋Β͏ • ஌ͬͯΔͱࢥͬͯͯ΋஌Βͳ͍͜ͱ΋ଟ͍ • ݪཧΛ஌Βͳͯ͘΋࢖͑Δ͚ͲݪཧΛ஌ͬͯ ͔Β࢖͑Δ΄͏͕ѹ౗తʹ༗ར

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લ൒ Agenda • Webͱ͸ • ϒϥ΢βͷػೳ • ϒϥ΢βͷ࢓૊Έ • ϨϯμϦϯάΤϯδϯ • JavaScript Τϯδϯ • ωοτϫʔΫ • σʔλετϨʔδ

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Webͱ͸Կ͔

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Webͱ͸Կ͔ • Webϒϥ΢β΍WebαʔόɺWebϖʔδͳͲ Webͱ͍͏୯ޠͰར༻͢ΔΑΓ΋ޙΖʹԿ͔ Λ͚ͭͨݴ༿ͱͯ͠දݱ͞ΕΔ͜ͱ͕ଟ͍ • World Wide Web ੈքن໛ͷ஖ᥨͷ૥ͱ͔ݴ ΘΕΔ͜ͱ΋ଟ͍͚ͲɺͳΜͩΖ͏ͱࢥͬͯ ΈΑ͏ɻ

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Web ফඅऀ ఏڙऀ ʓʓΛԼ͍͞ ʓʓ

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Web Webϒϥ΢β 4FSWFS Webαʔό ʓʓΛԼ͍͞ ʓʓ

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Web Webϒϥ΢β 4FSWFS Webαʔό (&5 JOEFYIUNM JOEFYIUNM EJW QIFMMPQ QXPSMEQ EJW

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Web Webϒϥ΢β 4FSWFS Webαʔό EJW QIFMMPQ QXPSMEQ EJW EJWOPU GPP QOUIPGUZQF O \ DPMPSSFE ^ Q\ DPMPSCMVF ^ GVODUJPOTVN B C \ SFUVSOBC ^ TVN

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Web Webϒϥ΢β 4FSWFS Webαʔό Webϖʔδ

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Web Webϒϥ΢β 4FSWFS Webαʔό Webϖʔδ แׅతͳ࢓૊Έͷ͜ͱΛ8FCͱݺͿ

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Webͱ͸Կ͔ • Webϒϥ΢β͸৘ใΛදࣔ͢ΔͨΊͷΫϥΠΞϯτ • Webαʔό͸ίϯςϯπͷ΋ͱͱͳΔσʔλΛ഑৴͢ΔϓϩόΠ μʔ • Webϖʔδ͸ͦΕΒͷ৘ใ͕૊Έ߹Θͬͯ͞ϖʔδͱ͍͏ܗͰදݱ ͞Εͨ΋ͷ • ΋ͬͱෳࡶʹͳΔͱදܭࢉιϑτ΍WebΞϓϦέʔγϣϯʹͳΔɻ • ͜ΕΒแׅతͳ࢓૊ΈͷࣄΛ Web ͱݺΜͰ͍Δ

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Webͱ͸Կ͔ • Web͸৭Μͳ֯౓͔Β੾ΓޱΛ౰ͯͯ঺հ͞ Ε͍ͯΔɻ • ຊߨٛͰ͸͋͘·Ͱϒϥ΢βΛ੾Γޱͱͯ͠ ঺հ͢Δɻ • ϒϥ΢β୯ମͷ࿩Ͱ͸ͳ͘େ͍ʹ୤ઢ͢Δͷ Ͱ஫ҙ

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Browser • ஌ͬͯΔΑ͏Ͱ஌Βͳ͍ • ΢ΣϒΞϓϦέʔγϣϯΛ࡞Δ࣌ʹඞͣ࢖͏ ΋ͷͷɺத਎͕Ͳ͏ͳͬͯΔ͔Λઆ໌ͯ͘͠ ͍ͩ͞ͱݴΘΕΔͱͲ͏ͨ͠Β͍͍͔Θ͔Β ͳ͍΋ͷ • ࠓճ͸ͦΜͳϒϥ΢βʹ৮ΕΑ͏ͱࢥ͍·͢

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Browse + er ோΊΔ΋ͷ

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Webϒϥ΢βΛऔΓר͘΋ͷ

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Webϒϥ΢β EJW QIFMMPQ QXPSMEQ EJW HTML EJWOPU GPP QOUIPGUZQF O \ DPMPSSFE ^ Q\ DPMPSCMVF ^ CSS GVODUJPOTVN B C \ SFUVSOBC ^ TVN JavaScript IUUQFYBNQMFDPN JOEFYIUNM URL (&5JOEFYIUNM 0, HTTP $PPLJFGPPCBSIPHFGVHB $BDIFNBYBHF Cookie Cache

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HTML/CSS/JavaScript

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HTML • Hyper Text Markup Language ͷུͰ HTML ͱݺ͹ΕΔɻςΩε τʹΘ͔Γ΍͍͢ϚʔΫΛ͚ͭΔ͜ͱΛϚʔΫΞοϓͱݺͼɺ ϚʔΫΞοϓʹΑͬͯϋΠύʔςΩετʢϦϯΫͷཁૉΛ࣋ͬͨ ࢀরΛؚΜͩςΩετʣΛ࡞੒Ͱ͖Δɻ • ϚʔΫΞοϓͷ໾ׂ͸ཁૉΛ໌ࣔతʹදݱ͢Δ͜ͱʹ͋Δɻཁૉ ʹ͸ྫ͑͹ʮݟग़͠ʯɺʮϦϯΫʯɺʮը૾ʯɺʮஈམʯͱ͍ͬ ͨ΋ͷ͕ଘࡏ͢Δɻ • HTML ͸ʮཁૉͷछྨʯͱཁૉ͕Ͳ͔͜ΒͲ͜·ͰΛࣔ͢ͷ͔ͱ ݴͬͨʮཁૉͷൣғʯͷ̎ͭΛ໌ࣔͯ͠จॻશମΛදݱ͢Δɻ

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HTML • ʮཁૉͷछྨʯͱʮཁૉͷൣғʯΛ໌ࣔ͢Δʹ͸ʮλάʯΛར༻͢Δɻ • λά͸ `

` ͳͲͷΑ͏ʹ `<` ͱ `>` Ͱғ·Ε͍ͯͯɺཁૉͷൣғΛද͢ʹ͸։࢝ͱऴྃΛ ໌ࣔ͢Δඞཁ͕͋Δɻ • ։࢝λά͸ `

` ͷΑ͏ʹ `<(೚ҙͷཁૉ)>` Ͱදݱ͢Δɻ • λάͷछྨΛදݱ͢Δͱಉ࣌ʹൣғͷ։࢝Λදݱ͢Δɻऴྃλά͸ `

` ͷΑ͏ʹ `(೚ ҙͷཁૉ)>` Ͱදݱ͢Δɻ

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CSS • Cascading Style Sheet ͷུͰɺCSSͱݺ͹ΕΔɻ • HTML͸จॻߏ଄Λදݱ͍ͯ͠Δ͕ɺCSS͸૷০Λදݱ͢ Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δɻ • CSS͸HTMLͷཁૉΛࢦఆ͠ɺͦͷཁૉͷ૷০಺༰Λهड़ ͢Δɻ • ཁૉΛࢦఆ͢ΔͨΊʹ͸ηϨΫλͱ͍͏૷০ΛͲͷ෦෼ʹ ద༻͢Δ͔Λ໌ࣔͨ͠هड़͕ඞཁʹͳΔɻ

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CSS • ηϨΫλͷࢦఆํ๏ʹ͸λάΛࢦఆ͢Δํ๏ɺidΛ ࢦఆ͢Δํ๏ɺ classΛࢦఆ͢Δํ๏ɺٖࣅతͳཁ ૉΛࢦఆ͢Δํ๏ͳͲ͕ଘࡏ͢Δɻৄ͘͠͸Ϩϯ μϦϯάͰ࿩͢ɻ

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JavaScript • ಈతʹߋ৽͞ΕΔίϯςϯπΛ࡞੒ͨ͠Γɺ σʔλΛऔಘ͖ͯͯ͠දࣔͨ͠Γͱݴͬͨ ༷ʑͳॲཧΛՄೳʹ͢ΔͨΊͷϓϩάϥϛϯ άݴޠ • ͍ΘΏΔεΫϦϓτݴޠʹ֘౰͢Δ

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JavaScript document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", () => { function createParagraph() { const para = document.createElement("p"); para.textContent = "Ϙλϯ͕ԡ͞Ε·ͨ͠!"; document.body.appendChild(para); } const buttons = document.querySelectorAll("button"); for (const button of buttons) { button.addEventListener("click", createParagraph); } }); • ϚδͰ৭ʑͰ͖ΔͷͰɺશ෦ղઆ͸͚ͩ͜͜Ͱ͸Ͱ͖ͳ͍ɻৄ͘͠͸͜ͷޙʹ͋ΔJavaScriptΤϯδϯͰগ͠ղઆ͢ Δɻ • ޙ͸དྷि͋Δ JS/TS ݚम, React, Next.jsߨٛΛָ͠Έʹʂʂ

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URL/HTTP

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URL • ࠷ॳͷ͜ͷਤΛࢥ͍ग़ͯ͠ཉ͍͠ɻ Webϒϥ΢β 4FSWFS Webαʔό ʓʓΛԼ͍͞ ʓʓ

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URL • ͍͖ͳΓσʔλԼ͍ͬͯ͞ݴͬͯΔ͚ͲɺͲ ͏΍ͬͯͦ͜ʹσʔλ͕͋Δͱ஌Δͷ͔ʁ • σʔλͷॴࡏΛදݱ͢Δ΋ͷ͕ඞཁɺզʑͷ ੈքͰݴ͑͹ॅॴ • WebͷੈքͰ͸ͦΕ͕URL

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URL • εΩʔϜ: ϦΫΤετૹ৴͢ΔࡍͷϓϩτίϧΛࢦఆ͢Δཁૉɺ http ΍ https ͳͲͷϓ ϩτίϧͷ໊લΛهड़͢Δɻ • υϝΠϯ໊: ެ։͞Ε͍ͯΔϗετͷॅॴΛࣔ͢ཁૉ • ϙʔτ: υϝΠϯ಺ͷϦιʔεʹΞΫηε͢ΔͨΊͷ൪߸ɺ80 (HTTP) ΍ 443 (HTTPS) ͳͲ • ύε: υϝΠϯ಺ͷϦιʔεͷ৔ॴ • ύϥϝʔλ: `?` ͔Β࢝·ΔɺϦιʔεʹରͯ͠औಘ΍ߋ৽ͳͲͷૢ࡞Λ͢Δ࣌ʹΫϥΠ Ξϯτ͔Βࢦఆͯ͠αʔόʹ౉͢͜ͱͰɺಛผͳॲཧΛͤ͞Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δɻ • ΞϯΧʔ: `#` ͔Β࢝·ΔɻϦιʔε಺෦ͷίϯςϯπͷҐஔΛࢦ͢ɻ

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HTTP • ಉ͘͡ʮʓʓΛԼ͍͞ʯ͸୯ͳΔ೔ຊޠ • ೔ຊޠ͸૬ख΋೔ຊਓ͔ͩΒ௨͡Δݴ༿ • ػցಉ࢜΋ಉ͡Ͱ૬खʹ௨͡Δݴ༿Ͱ࿩͢ඞཁ͕͋Δ Webϒϥ΢β 4FSWFS Webαʔό ʓʓΛԼ͍͞ ʓʓ

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HTTP • ૬खͱࣗ෼͕ಉ͡༻ޠͰ௨৴Ͱ͖Ε͹ྑ͍ • ϒϥ΢βͱαʔόؒͰܾΊΒΕͨڞ௨ͷݴޠɺͦΕ͕ HTTP • σʔλΛૹड৴͢Δͱ͖ͷϝοηʔδͷϑΥʔϚοτΛܾ Ί͓ͯ͘ • ͦͷϑΥʔϚοτʹ߹ΘͤͨৼΔ෣͍ΛܾΊ͓͚ͯ͹ྑ͍ • ࣗવݴޠͱҧͬͯᐆດ͕͞ແ͍Α͏ʹ΋࡞ΕΔ

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Cache/Cookie

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Cookie/Cache • σʔλͷ΍ΓऔΓͷ࢓ํɺσʔλͷॴࡏ஍ɺσʔλͷදݱํ ๏͸෼͔ͬͨͱͯ͠΋ɺͦͷσʔλΛຖճऔͬͯ͘Δͷ͸େม • ಛʹ΍ΓऔΓ͍ͯ͠Δ૬ख͕୭͔͸ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯΛ࡞Δ͏ ͑Ͱ͸ඞཁʹͳΔ͜ͱ͕ଟ͍ɻ • ͦͷ࣌ʹ૬खͷ৘ใΛຖճ֬ೝ͢ΔͷͰ͸ͳ͘ɺҰ࣌తͳ σʔλஔ͖৔ʹ͓͍͓͖ͯɺ௨৴ͷͨͼʹૹΔࣄͰखؒΛݮΒ ͢ɻ • ͜ͷΑ͏ͳσʔλஔ͖৔ΛCookieͱݺͿɻ

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Cache • σʔλΛຖճຖճαʔό͔Βऔಘ͢Δͷ΋େ ม • Ұճμ΢ϯϩʔυͨ͠σʔλ͸࠶ར༻͍ͨ͠ ͜ͱ΋͋Δ • ͜͏͍͏࣌ʹར༻͢Δͷ͕Cache

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ϒϥ΢βͷػೳ

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ϒϥ΢βͷػೳ 🔒IUUQTFYBNQMFDPN

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ϒϥ΢βͷػೳ 🔒IUUQTFYBNQMFDPN ໭Δ ਐΉ Ϧϩʔυɾதࢭ ΞυϨεόʔ

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ϒϥ΢βͷػೳ • ΞυϨεόʔʹ͍Εͨ URL Λجʹϖʔδ͕ϨϯμϦϯά͞ΕΔ • ϦϯΫΛΫϦοΫ͢ΔͳͲͷΞΫγϣϯ͕͋Δͱ URL ͕มԽ ͠ɺཤྺʹͨ·Δ • ໭ΔϘλϯΛԡ͢ͱཤྺΛ໭ΕΔ • ਐΉϘλϯΛԡ͢ͱཤྺΛਐΊΒΕΔ • ϦϩʔυϘλϯΛԡ͢ͱ࠶౓ URL Λߋ৽͢Δ *NBHF

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ϒϥ΢βͷػೳ • ϒϥ΢βͷجຊػೳΛյ͢Α͏ͳΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ͸ମݧ͕ ѱ͍ɻ • ໭ͬͨ࣌ʹ΋ͱ΋ͱ͍ͨεΫϩʔϧҐஔ͡Όͳ͍৔ॴʹ໭͞ ΕͨΒɾɾɾɾʁ • εΫϩʔϧ͢ΔࡍʹΨλΨλͯ͠εϜʔεͳૢ࡞͕ग़དྷͳ ͔ͬͨΒɾɾʁ • Enter ΩʔͰૹ৴Ͱ͖ͳ͍ϑΥʔϜΛ࡞ͬͯ͠·ͬͨΒɾɾɾʁ

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ϒϥ΢βͷػೳ • ϒϥ΢βͷجຊػೳΛյ͢Α͏ͳΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ͸ମݧ͕ ѱ͍ɻ • ໭ͬͨ࣌ʹ΋ͱ΋ͱ͍ͨεΫϩʔϧҐஔ͡Όͳ͍৔ॴʹ໭͞ ΕͨΒɾɾɾɾʁ • εΫϩʔϧ͢ΔࡍʹΨλΨλͯ͠εϜʔεͳૢ࡞͕ग़དྷͳ ͔ͬͨΒɾɾʁ • Enter ΩʔͰૹ৴Ͱ͖ͳ͍ϑΥʔϜΛ࡞ͬͯ͠·ͬͨΒɾɾɾʁ શ෦ѱ͍ϢʔβʔΤΫεϖϦΤϯε

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ϒϥ΢βͷػೳ • େݪଇ: ΢ΣϒΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ͸ϒϥ΢βͷػೳΛ յͯ͠͸͍͚ͳ͍ɻ • յ͢ͱମݧ͕ѱ͍͚ͩ͡Όͳ͍ɻ • ΞΫηγϏϦςΟ΋ѱ͘ͳΔɻ • ηΩϡϦςΟͱ͔ͷอޢػߏ΋ಇ͔ͳ͘ͳΔ͔΋ɻ

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ϒϥ΢βͷػೳ • େݪଇ: ΢ΣϒΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ͸ϒϥ΢βͷػೳΛ յͯ͠͸͍͚ͳ͍ɻ • յ͢ͱମݧ͕ѱ͍͚ͩ͡Όͳ͍ɻ • ΞΫηγϏϦςΟ΋ѱ͘ͳΔɻ • ηΩϡϦςΟͱ͔ͷอޢػߏ΋ಇ͔ͳ͘ͳΔ͔΋ɻ ͲΜͳʹྑ͍ΞϓϦͰ͋ͬͯ΋   ϒϥ΢βͷػೳΛյ͢Α͏ͳΞϓϦ͸࢖ΘΕͳ͘ͳΔ

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ϒϥ΢βͷ࢓૊Έ

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ϒϥ΢βͷߏ଄ 6TFS*OUFSGBDF #SPXTFS&OHJOF 3FOEFSJOH &OHJOF /FUXPSL +BWB4DSJQU &OHJOF %BUB 4UPSBHF

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ϒϥ΢βͷߏ଄ 6TFS*OUFSGBDF #SPXTFS&OHJOF 3FOEFSJOH &OHJOF /FUXPSL +BWB4DSJQU &OHJOF %BUB 4UPSBHF ϒϥ΢βͷΠϯλϑΣʔε ΞυϨεόʔͱ͔໭ΔϘλϯͱ͔

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ϒϥ΢βͷߏ଄ 6TFS*OUFSGBDF #SPXTFS&OHJOF 3FOEFSJOH &OHJOF /FUXPSL +BWB4DSJQU &OHJOF %BUB 4UPSBHF ϒϥ΢βͷ֩ ޙͰ঺հ͢Δ༷ʑͳߏ੒ཁૉͱௐఀ͢Δ

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ϒϥ΢βͷߏ଄ 6TFS*OUFSGBDF #SPXTFS&OHJOF 3FOEFSJOH &OHJOF /FUXPSL +BWB4DSJQU &OHJOF %BUB 4UPSBHF ίϯςϯπͷඳըΛߦ͏ɻίϯςϯπ͕ )5.-ͳΒϖʔδΛύʔεͯ͠ϩʔυ͢Δ

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ϒϥ΢βͷߏ଄ • ϨϯμϦϯάΤϯδϯ • HTML΍CSS͸ͦͷ··Ͱ͸ਓ͕ؒಡΊΔ΋ͷ ʹͳΒͳ͍ɻ • σʔλΛܭࢉ͠ɺਓ͕ؒݟ͑Δܗʹදݱ͢Δ ͜ͱΛϨϯμϦϯάͱݺͿ

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ϒϥ΢βͷߏ଄ 6TFS*OUFSGBDF #SPXTFS&OHJOF 3FOEFSJOH &OHJOF /FUXPSL +BWB4DSJQU &OHJOF %BUB 4UPSBHF ωοτϫʔΫ૚ɺ)551ϦΫΤετͨ͠ Γɺ)5514ͰϦΫΤετͨ͠Γ

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ϒϥ΢βͷߏ଄ • ωοτϫʔΫ • HTML ΍ CSS ΍ JavaScript ͱ͍ͬͨίϯςϯπΛμ΢ϯϩʔυͨ͠ΓɺΞο ϓϩʔυ͢Δ࢓૊Έ • ϒϥ΢βͷσʔλަ׵ͷ࢓૊Έ͸ʮσʔλͷཁٻʢϦΫΤετʣʯͱʮཁٻ ʹରͯ͠ͷԠ౴ʢϨεϙϯεʣʯͱ͍͏̎ͭͷγϯϓϧͳ΍ΓऔΓʹΑͬͯ ߦΘΕ͍ͯΔ •

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ϒϥ΢βͷߏ଄ 6TFS*OUFSGBDF #SPXTFS&OHJOF 3FOEFSJOH &OHJOF /FUXPSL +BWB4DSJQU &OHJOF %BUB 4UPSBHF +BWB4DSJQU࣮ߦΤϯδϯWͱ͔ 4QJEFS.POLFZͱ͔+4$ͱ͔

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ϒϥ΢βͷߏ଄ • JavaScript Τϯδϯ • JavaScript ͸ίϯςϯπΛಈతʹมߋ͢Δͱ͍ͬͨඇৗʹॏཁͳॲཧΛߦ ͏෦෼ • ʮJust In Time ίϯύΠϥʯͱݺ͹ΕΔಈతʹίʔυΛղੳ͢ΔࣄͰੑೳ Λิ͍ͬͯΔ •

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ϒϥ΢βͷߏ଄ 6TFS*OUFSGBDF #SPXTFS&OHJOF 3FOEFSJOH &OHJOF /FUXPSL +BWB4DSJQU &OHJOF %BUB 4UPSBHF σΟεΫʹอଘ͢ΔϨΠϠ $PPLJFͱ͔MPDBMTUPSBHFͱ͔͕֘౰

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ϒϥ΢βͷߏ଄ • σʔλετϨʔδ • σʔλΛӬଓతʹอଘ͢Δ෦෼ • ࣮͸ history ΋ cookie ΋ localstorage ΋શ෦ σʔλετϨʔδ෦෼ʹอଘ͞Ε͍ͯΔ

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ϒϥ΢βͷߏ଄ • ͜ͷϚοϓΛུ֓ͱͯ͠಄ʹೖΕ͓͍ͯͯ΄͍͠ɻ • HTML/CSSΛ࣮ߦͯ͠Δ৔ॴ͕Ͳ͔͜ • JavaScript ͸Engine͕෼͔ΕͯΔͱ͔ • ωοτϫʔΫ෦෼ͰσʔλΛ͖͍࣋ͬͯͯΔͱ͔ • Cookie ͷσʔλΛอଘͯ͠Δͷ͸σʔλετϨʔδͱ͔

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ϒϥ΢βͷྺ࢙

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ϒϥ΢βͷྺ࢙ • ͍͖ͳΓ͜͏͍͏ߏ੒ཁૉʹͳͬͨΘ͚Ͱ͸ ͳ͍ɻ • ͜ͷߏ੒ཁૉʹͳΔ·Ͱʹḷͬͨྺ࢙ΛৼΓ ฦΔ͜ͱͰҰ୴ཧղΛਂΊΔ • ͱ͸͍͑ͨͩͷྺ࢙ͳͷͰɺ໾ʹཱͭ஌ࣝͱ ͍͏ΑΓ͸ʮ΁ʔʯͬͯฉ͍ͯͯ͘Εͯྑ͍

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࠷ॳظͷϒϥ΢β • WorldWideWebϒϥ΢β • Ұ൪࠷ॳͷϒϨΠΫεϧʔ͸ϋΠύʔςΩετͱΠϯ λʔωοτΛ૊Έ߹Θͤͨ͜ͱʹΑͬͯੜ·ΕΔɻ • ૊Έ߹Θͤͨਓ͸༗໊ͳςΟϜɾόʔφʔζɾϦʔ •

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࠷ॳظͷϒϥ΢β • WorldWideWeb • URLදࣔ΋ͳ͍ɺ໭ΔɾਐΉͱ͔ͷϘλϯ΋ ͳ͍

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࠷ॳظͷϒϥ΢β • WorldWideWeb 6TFS*OUFSGBDF #SPXTFS&OHJOF 3FOEFSJOH &OHJOF /FUXPSL %BUB 4UPSBHF )5.- )551 )JTUPSZ

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1990೥୅: ϒϥ΢βઓ૪ • ͦͷதͰҰ൪ਓؾʹͳͬͨͷ͕ʮMosaicʯͱ͍͏ϒϥ΢β • ςΩετͱҰॹʹΠϯϥΠϯͰը૾Λදࣔ͢Δͱ͍͏ϒϨ ΠΫεϧʔΛىͨ͜͠ɻ •

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1990೥୅: ϒϥ΢βઓ૪ • จॻͷ಺༰ͱ૷০Λ෼͚ͯఆٛͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹ͠Α͏ͱ͍͏ ํ਑ʹͳ͍ͬͯ͘ɻ • ࠷ॳظͷϒϥ΢β͸಺༰ͱ૷০͸ผΕͯͳ͔ͬͨɻ • CSS ͕஀ੜ͠ɺ࢓༷͕ਐΜͰ͍͘Α͏ʹͳΔɻ • ͜ͷࠒ͔Β HTML / CSS ͷଘࡏ͕Ͱ͖Δɻ

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1990೥୅: ϒϥ΢βઓ૪ • ϏοάΧϯύχʔ΋໧͍ͬͯͳ͍ɻ • IBM͕ WebExplorer Λ։ൃ͠ɺͦͷޙ Microsoft ͕ Internet Explorer Λ։ൃ͢Δɻ • Mosaic ͸ NetScape ձࣾΛ্ཱͪ͛ɺ Navigator ͱ͍͏໊ લͰ։ൃ͢Δɻ • ୈҰ࣍ϒϥ΢βઓ૪͕ຄൃ͢Δɻ

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1990೥୅: ϒϥ΢βઓ૪ • JavaScript ΋͜ͷࠒ͔Β։ൃ͞Εͩ͢ʢ1995೥ʣ • HTTP Cookie ͳͲͷ࢓૊Έ΋։ൃ͞ΕΔ • HTTPS ͳͲͷ҉߸Խͷ࢓૊Έ΋͜ͷࠒ͔Β •

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1990೥୅: ϒϥ΢βઓ૪ • 1990೥୅ޙ൒ʹ͸େମͷύʔπ͕ἧͬͯ͘Δ

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1990೥୅: ϒϥ΢βઓ૪ • ػೳͷ֦ॆ͕ਐΜͰ͍͘ҰํͰϒϥ΢βઓ૪͸൵ܶ΋΋ͨΒͨ͠ɻ • աܹͳࠩผԽͱػೳ֦ॆ͕ਐΉதͰಠ֦ࣗுʹ͸͠Δ͜ͱ΋૿͑ͯ ͍͘ • JScript ͱݺ͹ΕΔ΄ͱΜͲ JavaScript ͱಉ͡Α͏ͳػೳΛ࣋ͬͨ εΫϦϓτݴޠ͕ Internet Explorer ʹ࣮૷͞ΕΔ • JavaScript Ͱ Style ΛܾΊΒΕΔ JavaScript Style Sheet ΋ఏҊ͞ ΕΔ͕ɺ࢓༷ܾΊ͖Εͳ͍͏ͪʹऴΘΔͳͲɻ

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1990೥୅: ϒϥ΢βઓ૪ • ࠷ऴతʹୈҰ࣍ϒϥ΢βઓ૪͸ϚΠΫϩιϑτ͕উར͢Δ • OSʹϒϥ΢β͕ಉࠝ͞ΕΔࣄͰ NetScape ͷϒϥ΢βΑΓ ΋Ϣʔβʔ਺Λ৳͹͠ɺՉ઎ঢ়ଶ͕࡞ΒΕͯ͠·͏ɻ • NetScape ଆ͸Ϣʔβʔ਺ͷ֫ಘʹ͸ࣦഊͨ͠΋ͷͷɺ OSS Խͯ͠ϒϥ΢βͷٕज़Λޙੈʹ࢒͠ɺ Mozilla ͱ͍͏ اۀʹܗΛม͑ͯଘଓ͢Δ

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2000೥୅: Google Chrome ͷ ొ৔ɺεϚʔτϑΥϯͷొ৔ • Mozilla ͕ຬΛ࣋ͯ͠ FireFox Λ։ൃͯ͠ɺϦϦʔε͢Δɻ • ࠓ·Ͱ Internet Explorer Ұڧঢ়ଶ͕ͩͬͨɺ࢓༷ʹ஧࣮Ͱ͋Γɺߴ଎ʹಈ͖ɺ λϒػೳ΍֦ுػೳΛඋ͑ͨ FireFox ͕Ϣʔβʔ਺Λൈ͘ • 2000೥୅ޙ൒ʹͳΔͱϓϨΠϠʔ͕มΘΔɻ • ·ͣ Google ͕ JavaScript ͱಈతͳ HTTP ϦΫΤετʢ͍ΘΏΔ Ajaxʣ Λ૊Έ ߹ΘͤΔࣄͰ͜Ε·ͰͷHTMLɺ CSSɺ JavaScript ͱ͍͏ٕज़͚ͩͰΠϯλϥΫ ςΟϒͳΞϓϦέʔγϣϯΛ΢Σϒ্Ͱ࡞ΕΔ͜ͱΛ࣮ફ͢Δɻ • ࣍ʹ Google ͕ Chrome ΛϦϦʔε͢Δɻ

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2000೥୅: Google Chrome ͷ ొ৔ɺεϚʔτϑΥϯͷొ৔ • 2000೥୅ͷલ൒͔Βޙ൒ʹ͔͚ͯى͖ͨͷ͸ɺ΢Σϒ্ͰΠϯλϥ ΫςΟϒͳΞϓϦέʔγϣϯΛ࡞Δͱ͍͏ٕज़తͳύϥμΠϜγϑτ • ϒϥ΢β্Ͱ JavaScript Λத৺ʹΞϓϦέʔγϣϯΛ࡞Δػձ͕૿͑ ͨɻ • ݁Ռͱͯ͠ɺΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷ࣮ߦ଎౓ʹ௚݁͢Δ JavaScript ͷ࣮ ߦ؀ڥʹ΋ݟ௚͕͠ೖΔɻ • ֤ϒϥ΢βͷJavaScript Engineʹ Just-in-time (JIT) Compiler ͱݺ͹ ΕΔ࣮ߦதʹ࠷దԽ͢Δػೳ͕ಋೖ͞Ε͍ͯ͘

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2000೥୅: Google Chrome ͷ ొ৔ɺεϚʔτϑΥϯͷొ৔ • ϒϥ΢β͕୯ͳΔ΢ΣϒϖʔδͷӾཡ͚ͩͰ͸ͳ ͘ɺΞϓϦέʔγϣϯج൫ͱͯ͠ͷํ޲ʹਐΉɻ +*5

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2010೥୅: HTML5ϒʔϜͱε ϚʔτϑΥϯωΠςΟϒΞϓϦ • 2010೥͔Β͸ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯΛ΢ΣϒͰΑΓޮ ཰తʹɺ৽͘͠࡞Ζ͏ͱ͢ΔϒʔϜ͕౸དྷͨ͠ɻ • ϒϥ΢βʹ΋εϚʔτϑΥϯͰݟΕΔΞϓϦέʔ γϣϯΛ࡞ΔྲྀΕ͕౸དྷͨ͠ɻ • ͜ͷ͋ͨΓ͔ΒωΠςΟϒΞϓϦͱϒϥ΢β྆ํ Ͱಉ͡Α͏ͳػೳΛఏڙ͢ΔΑ͏ʹͳΔ

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2010೥୅: HTML5ϒʔϜͱε ϚʔτϑΥϯωΠςΟϒΞϓϦ • ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷ࡞Γํ͕ωΠςΟϒΞϓϦͷ࡞Γํʹۙ͘ͳͬͯ ͍ͬͨɻ • ΫϥΠΞϯτ಺Ͱ LocalStroage ΍ Session Stroage ͱ͍ͬͨΫϥΠΞ ϯτͷετϨʔδΛ࢖͓͏ͱͨ͠ΓɺΦϑϥΠϯͰ΋ಈ࡞͢ΔΑ͏ʹ ϒϥ΢β͕ਐԽ͍ͯͬͨ͠ɻ • ͜ͷࠒʹ Network ʹ΋ਐԽ͕๚ΕΔɻϒϥ΢β͕ར༻͢Δίϯςϯπ ͕ΑΓϦονʹͳΓɺΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ΋Ͱ͖Δ͜ͱ͕૿͍͑ͯ͘ͱɺ ωοτϫʔΫͷར༻཰্͕͕͍ͬͯ͘ • HTTP/2 ͱ͍ͬͨޮ཰తʹϦΫΤετ͢Δํ๏͕ग़ͯ͘Δɻ

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2010೥୅: HTML5ϒʔϜͱε ϚʔτϑΥϯωΠςΟϒΞϓϦ • ΑΓޮ཰తʹ࣮ߦͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹɺΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ ΑΓͷػೳ͕૿͍͑ͯ͘ +*5 )551 MPDBMTUPSBHF

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ϒϥ΢βྺ࢙·ͱΊ • ͜ͷΑ͏ʹΞϓϦέʔγϣϯΛ࡞Δํ๏͕֬ ཱ͞Ε͍ͯͬͨΓɺ৽͍ٕ͠ज़తͳస׵͕ى ͖Δͱͦͷ౎౓ϒϥ΢β͸ٕज़తͳਐԽΛ਱ ͖͛ͯͨɻ • ࠓ೔ͷϞμϯͳϒϥ΢β͸͜ͷΑ͏ͳٕज़త ਐԽ͕೔ਐ݄าͰߦΘΕ͍ͯΔɻ

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ϒϥ΢βΛյͯ͠͸͍͚ͳ͍

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HistoryΛյͯ͠͸͍͚ͳ͍ • ϒϥ΢βͷػೳʹ͸ʮ໭ΔʯͱʮਐΉʯͱ͍ͬͨӾཡཤྺΛલʹ ໭͠ɺਐΊΔػೳ͕͋Δɻ • Ӿཡཤྺ͸ཤྺͰ͋Γɺ໭ΔΛԡͨ͠ͱ͖ʹ͸جຊతʹલͷঢ়ଶ ʹ໭Δ͜ͱ͕๬·͍͠ɻ • ͔͠͠ͳ͕Βɺ͍͔ͭ͘ͷ΢ΣϒΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͰ͸ɺʮ໭ ΔʯΛԡͨ࣌͠ʹ໭Εͳ͍ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ͕ଘࡏ͢Δɻ • ΋͘͠͸໭Ζ͏ͱͨ࣌͠ʹҰ෦ͷঢ়ଶ͚ͩ໭͢͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ͕ɺ ׬શʹલͷঢ়ଶΛ࠶ݱͰ͖ͳ͍ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ΋ଘࡏ͢Δɻ

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HistoryΛյͯ͠͸͍͚ͳ͍ • ௚લʹߦͬͨίϝϯτ͕ফ͑ͯΔྫ

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HistoryΛյͯ͠͸͍͚ͳ͍ • ໭ΔϘλϯ͕ແޮʹͳ͍ͬͯΔྫ

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εΫϩʔϧΛյͯ͠͸͍͚ͳ͍ • ը໘ΛεΫϩʔϧ͢Δ͜ͱʹΑͬͯΨλΨλͱ ࢥͬͨҐஔʹεΫϩʔϧͰ͖ͳ͍ࣄ͕͋Δɻ • ͜ͷεΫϩʔϧͷΨλπΩͷ͜ͱΛʮεΫϩʔ ϧδϟϯΫʯͱݺͿɻ •

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εΫϩʔϧΛյͯ͠͸͍͚ͳ͍ • εΫϩʔϧҐஔ͕໭Βͳ͍ྫ

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ϑΥʔϜΛյͯ͠͸͍͚ͳ͍ • λϒͰભҠͰ͖ͳ͍ • ΤϯλʔΩʔͰૹ৴Ͱ͖ͳ͍

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ϨϯμϦϯάΤϯδϯ

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ϨϯμϦϯάΤϯδϯ • ίϯςϯπʢHTMLͳͲ) Λड͚औͬͯ಺༰Λ ඳը͢Δ HTML ϖʔδ ϨϯμϦϯά

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ϨϯμϦϯάΤϯδϯ • ίϯςϯπʢHTMLͳͲ) Λड͚औͬͯ಺༰Λ ඳը͢Δ HTML ϖʔδ ϨϯμϦϯά ͜͜ʹࢸΔ·ͰʹυϥϚ͕ͨ͘͞Μ͋Δɻ

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ϨϯμϦϯάΤϯδϯ • ࢦఆ͞ΕͨίϯςϯπΛඳը͢Δ΋ͷ • ͜͜Ͱ͸ओʹ HTML Λඳը͢Δ࣌ͷྲྀΕͰղ આ͢Δ͕ɺຊདྷ͸ HTML ʹґΒͣɺίϯςϯ πΛඳը͢Δɻ (SBQIJD *OUFSGBDF 3FOEFS

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ϨϯμϦϯάΤϯδϯ • ࢦఆ͞ΕͨίϯςϯπΛඳը͢Δ΋ͷ • ͜͜Ͱ͸ओʹ HTML Λඳը͢Δ࣌ͷྲྀΕͰղ આ͢Δ͕ɺຊདྷ͸ HTML ʹґΒͣɺίϯςϯ πΛඳը͢Δɻ (SBQIJD *OUFSGBDF 3FOEFS ಛʹ͜͜ΛਂງΓ͢Δ

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ϨϯμϦϯάϓϩηε • HTML ͷϨϯμϦϯά͸ "ಈతʹ" ϨϯμϦϯ ά͢Δɻ • JavaScript ΍ϢʔβʔೖྗɺΞχϝʔγϣϯ ͳͲͰϨϯμϦϯά͕ߋ৽͞ΕΔɻ *OJUJBM3FOEFS ߋ৽ ߋ৽ ߋ৽ ߋ৽

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ϨϯμϦϯάϓϩηε • ίϯςϯπ͕ಈతʹߋ৽͞ΕΔͱ͍͏͜ͱ͕ ΢Σϒͷಛ௃ • ͦͷͨΊʹ͍͔ͭ͘ͷதؒදݱΛ͍࣋ͬͯΔ IUNM IUNM %0. 4UZMFE 1BSTF 4UZMF -BZPVU   1BJOU

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HTML Parse EJW QIFMMPQ QXPSMEQ EJW 1BSTF %*7   1 5&95 1 5SFF %PDVNFOU )5.- #PEZ %JW 1 5&95 1 5&95 • λάΛωετͯ͠දݱ • ໦ߏ଄ͱ͍͏ܗͰσʔλߏ଄ͱͯ͠   දݱ͞ΕΔɻ

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DOM %PDVNFOU )5.- #PEZ %JW 1 5&95 1 5&95 • Document Object Model • ϒϥ΢β಺ͰͷHTMLͷ಺෦දݱ • Ͱ͋Γɺ͔ͭ JavaScript Ͱૢ࡞Ͱ͖Δσʔλߏ଄ var div = document.body. fi rstChild; var p2 = div.childNodes[1]; p2.appendChild(document.createElement("span")); +BWB4DSJQU &OHJOF CJOEJOHT

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Style • DOM Λ࡞ͬͨΒͦΕʹ Style Λ ౰͍ͯͯ͘ • %PDVNFOU )5.- #PEZ %JW 1 5&95 1 5&95 p { color: red } IFMMP XPSME 4UZMF

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Style • ΍Δ͜ͱ͸େ͖͘෼͚ͯ̎ͭ • ηϨΫλϚονϯά • ΧεέʔσΟϯά

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Style • ηϨΫλ • ελΠϧΛ౰ͯΔࡍͷ௚઀తͳϧʔϧΛهड़ ͯ͠಺༰ΛؚΊͨ΋ͷ p { color: red; } #test { border: red 2px solid; } .foo { background-color: skyblue; }

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Style • CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) • ηϨΫλΛෳࡶʹࢦఆͰ͖Δ   ͪͳΈʹෳࡶͳࢦఆΛ͢Ε͹͢Δ΄Ͳෳࡶͳܭࢉ͕ඞཁͳͷͰ஗͍ɻ • ηϨΫλ͸ඃΔ͜ͱ͕͋Δ • ඃͬͨΒৄࡉ౓Ͱܾ·Δ EJWOPU GPP QOUIPGUZQF O \ DPMPSSFE ^ Q\ DPMPSCMVF ^

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Style • ηϨΫλϚονϯά • ֤ཁૉͷCSSͷηϨΫλΛҰͭҰͭݟ͍ͯͬͯελΠϧΛ൓ө͢Δ • Πϝʔδͱͯ͠͸ΞϯέʔτೖྗϑΥʔϜʹ͍ۙ • .BSHJO 'POU $PMPS 1BEEJOH ✔ ✔ 255,255,255,0 top: 20px left: ✔family: serif bottom: style: size: top: left: bottom:

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Style • CSS ৄࡉ౓ (ڧ͍ॱͷྫ) • styleଐੑͰͷࢦఆ • ηϨΫλͷ ID ͷ਺ • ηϨΫλͷଐੑͷ਺ • ηϨΫλͷཁૉ໊ͷ਺ \^BCDETQFDJ fi DJUZ MJ\^BCDETQFDJ fi DJUZ MJ fi STUMJOF\^BCDETQFDJ fi DJUZ VMMJ\^BCDETQFDJ fi DJUZ VMPMMJ\^BCDETQFDJ fi DJUZ I\^BCDETQFDJ fi DJUZ VMPMMJSFE\^BCDETQFDJ fi DJUZ MJSFEMFWFM\^BCDETQFDJ fi DJUZ YZ\^BCDETQFDJ fi DJUZ TUZMFBCDETQFDJ fi DJUZ http://taligarsiel.com/Projects/howbrowserswork1.htm#Speci fi ty

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Style • ΧεέʔσΟϯά • ΞϯέʔτೖྗϑΥʔϜͷதͰۭཝΛݟ͚ͭͯิ͏ॲཧ • ਌ͷཁૉ͕͍࣋ͬͯͨΒࢠʹద༻͍ͯ͘͠ • .BSHJO 'POU $PMPS 1BEEJOH ✔ ✔ 255,255,255,0 top: 20px left: ✔family: serif bottom: style: size: top: left: bottom: ຒ·ͬͯͳ͍ͱ͜ΖΛνΣοΫ .BSHJO 'POU $PMPS 1BEEJOH ✔ ✔ 255,255,255,0 top: 20px left: 20px ✔family: serif bottom: 30px style: normal size: 10 top: 20px left: 20px bottom: 20px ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ਌͔Β΋Β͑Δͱ͜Ζ͸आΓͯ͘Δ

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Style EJWOPU GPP QOUIPGUZQF O \ DPMPSSFE ^ Q\ DPMPSCMVF ^ 1BSTF3VMF 4UZMF3VMFT 4UZMF3VMFT 4UZMF3VMFT $44΋ύʔε͠ɺελΠϧͷϧʔϧηοτΛ࡞Δɻ

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Style %PDVNFOU )5.- #PEZ %JW 1 5&95 1 5&95 4UZMF3VMFT 4UZMF3VMFT 4UZMF3VMFT %PDVNFOU )5.- #PEZ %JW 1 5&95 1 5&95 $PNQVUFE4UZMFT $PNQVUFE4UZMFT $PNQVUFE4UZMFT $PNQVUFE4UZMFT $PNQVUFE4UZMFT $PNQVUFE4UZMFT $PNQVUFE4UZMFT $PNQVUFE4UZMFT

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Style %PDVNFOU )5.- #PEZ %JW 1 5&95 1 5&95 $PNQVUFE4UZMFT $PNQVUFE4UZMFT $PNQVUFE4UZMFT $PNQVUFE4UZMFT $PNQVUFE4UZMFT $PNQVUFE4UZMFT $PNQVUFE4UZMFT $PNQVUFE4UZMFT $PNQVUFE4UZMF\ GPOU8FJHIU NBSHJO-FGU   PVUMJOF   USBOTGPSN CBDLHSPVOE ^ ϑΥϯτ΍എܠͳͲͷελΠϧ৘ใΛ%0.ʹ෇༩͢Δ

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Layout • ҰͭҰͭͷཁૉ͸ελΠϧΛ΋͍ͬͯͯ΋ɺͦ Ε͕Ͳ͜ʹ഑ஔ͞ΕΔ͔ɺͲΕ͘Β͍ͷαΠζ ͳͷ͔ɺͱ͍͏৔ॴͷ৘ใ͸͍࣋ͬͯͳ͍ɻ • HTMLͷߏ଄ͱ Style ͷ৘ใΛجʹ৔ॴͱαΠζ Λܭࢉ͢Δॲཧ͕ Layout • ਌͔Β࠶ؼతʹḷͬͯ Layout ॲཧΛߦ͏

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Layout • ਌͔ΒࢠͲ΋ʹ࠶ؼతʹܭࢉΛ ͍ͯ͘͠ • ࢠͲ΋ͷߴ͞ɾ෯Λܭࢉͨ͠Β ਌͸ࢠͲ΋ͷྦྷੵ͞Εͨߴ͞ɾ ෯ͱࣗ෼ࣗ਎ͷߴ͞ɾ෯ʹϚʔ δϯΛՃ͑ͯߴ͞Λܭࢉ͢Δ %PDVNFOU )5.- #PEZ %JW 1 5&95 1 5&95 ߴ͞ɾ෯ɾҐஔΛܭࢉ

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Paint • ඳը͢ΔҐஔͱαΠζ͕ܾ·ͬͨޙɺͲͷॱ ൪Ͱඳը͢Δ͔ΛܾΊΔॲཧ • DOMͷॱংͰ͸ͳ͘ɺޙΖ͔ΒલʹͪΌΜͱ ඳը͠ͳ͍ͱࢥͬͨͱ͓ΓʹϨϯμϦϯά͞ Εͳ͍ɻ CBDLHSPVOE fl PBUJOH GPSFHSPVOE PVUMJOF

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Paint • DOMͷཁૉͷॱ൪Ͱ͸ͳ͘ɺ z-index ౳Λ ࢖ͬͯޙΖͷཁૉͱલͷཁૉΛೖΕସ͑Δ͜ ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δɻ

.yellow { z-index: 2; ... } .green { z-index: 1; ... }

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Composite & Render • Ͱ͖͕͋ͬͨ΋ͷΛඞཁͳ෦෼͚ͩඳը͢ΔΑ͏ʹ Ωϟϓνϟʔͯ͠άϥϑΟοΫϥΠϒϥϦʹ౉͢ • Πϝʔδͱͯ͠͸શ෦ܭࢉ͠ऴΘͬͯϨΠΞ΢τ΋ऴ ΘͬͯલܠͱഎܠऴΘͬͨͷͰɺͦΕΛҰຕͷϓϦϯ τ͢ΔࣸਅʹऔΔΈ͍ͨͳΠϝʔδ • (SBQIJD *OUFSGBDF

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΍ͬͪΌ͍͚ͳ͍͜ͱ • document.write ͱݺ͹ΕΔAPIΛ࢖Θͳ͍ • DOMͷߋ৽ස౓Λଟ͘͠ͳ͍

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document.writeΛ࢖Θͳ͍ )5.- %0. 4UZMF -BZPVU EPDVNFOUXSJUF EPDVNFOUHFU&MFNFOU#Z*E   FMFNUFYU$POUFOU

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document.writeΛ࢖Θͳ͍ )5.- %0. 4UZMF -BZPVU EPDVNFOUXSJUF EPDVNFOUHFU&MFNFOU#Z*E   FMFNUFYU$POUFOU EPDVNFOUXSJUFࣗ਎͸௚ײతͰศར͕ͩɺ࣮͸)5.-͔Βࠩ ͠ସ͑ͯ͠·͏ɺͦͷͨΊɺࠓ·Ͱͷ%0.4UZMF -BZPVUͷྲྀΕ͕΍Γ௚͠ʹͳΔɻ࢖͏΂͖Ͱ͸ͳ͍ɻ

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DOMͷߋ৽ස౓Λଟ͘͠ͳ͍ const ul = document.createElement("ul"); for (let i=0;i<10000;i++) { // ϧʔϓ಺Ͱຖճ append ͠ͳ͍ɻ let li = document.createElement("li"); li.textContent = "test" + i; ul.appendChild(li); }

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DOMͷߋ৽ස౓Λଟ͘͠ͳ͍ EPDVNFOU IUNM CPEZ VM BQQFOE GPS MFUJJJ \ MFUMJEPDVNFOUDSFBUF&MFNFOU MJ MJUFYU$POUFOUUFTUJ VMBQQFOE$IJME MJ ^ 4UZMF -BZPVU1BJOU MJ 4UZMF -BZPVU1BJOU MJ 4UZMF -BZPVU1BJOU MJ 4UZMF -BZPVU1BJOU MJ ࢠཁૉ͕௥Ճ͞ΕΔ౓ʹStyleॲཧ͕ಈ͘

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DOMͷߋ৽ස౓Λଟ͘͠ͳ͍ const ul = document.getElementById("foo"); const fr = document.createDocumentFragment(); for (let i =0;i <100000;i++) { let li = document.createElement("li"); i.textContent = `${i}`; // fragment ʹରͯ͠ೖΕ͓ͯ͘ fr.appendChild(li); } ul.appendChild(fr);

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DOMͷߋ৽ස౓Λଟ͘͠ͳ͍ EPDVNFOU IUNM CPEZ VM BQQFOE MFUVMEPDVNFOUHFU&MFNFOU#Z*E GPP MFUGSEPDVNFOUDSFBUF%PDVNFOU'SBHNFOU GPS MFUJJJ \ MFUMJEPDVNFOUDSFBUF&MFNFOU MJ JUFYU$POUFOUA\J^A GSBQQFOE$IJME MJ ^ VMBQQFOE$IJME GS Ұ୴ϑϥάϝϯτΛ࡞͔ͬͯΒ·ͱΊͯ ௥ه͢ΔɻҰ౓͚͔ͩ͠Styleॲཧ͸૸Βͳ͍ MJ MJ MJ MJ 4UZMF -BZPVU1BJOU

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ϨϯμϦϯάΤϯδϯ·ͱΊ • HTML͸ಈతʹߋ৽͞ΕΔϞσϧ • ಈతʹߋ৽͢ΔͨΊʹதؒදݱͱͯ͠ DOM Λ༻ҙ͓ͯ͠Γɺ JavaScript Ͱߋ৽ Ͱ͖Δ • DOMʹม׵ͨ͠ޙɺ Style Λܭࢉ͠ɺͦͷޙͲͷϙδγϣϯʹཁૉΛஔ͔͘ͱ͍ ͏ Layout Λܭࢉ͢Δ • ࠷ޙʹ Paint Ͱલ໘ʹஔ͔͘എ໘ʹஔ͔͘ΛܾΊͯඳը͢Δ • document.write ͸࢖Θͳ͍ • DOMͷߋ৽ස౓Λଟ͘͠ͳ͍

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JavaScript Τϯδϯ

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JavaScript Τϯδϯ • JavaScript Λ࣮ߦ͢ΔΤϯδϯ • ࠷ۙͷΤϯδϯ͸େମ Just In Time ίϯύΠϥ͕͍ͭ ͓ͯΓɺ୯ͳΔΠϯλϓϦλͰ͸ͳ͘ɺ౷ܭతʹঢ়گ Λݟͯߴ଎Խ͞ΕΔ • ͜͜Ͱ͸ུ֓Λղઆ͠ɺΤϯδϯͷؾ࣋ͪΛ஌Δɻ • ͪͳΈʹ৘ใ͕ଟ͍ v8 ͷΤϯδϯΛࢀߟʹ͍ͯ͠Δɻ

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ͬ͘͟Γ֓ཁͱͯ͠ͷಈ͖ GVODUJPOTVN B C \ SFUVSOBC ^ TVN ύʔαʔ ΠϯλϓϦλ +*5ίϯύΠϥ JavaScript ந৅ߏจ໦ &YDBBFDBF! $SFBUF6ONBQQFE"SHVNFOUT YDBBFDBG!G4UBSS 4YDBBFDC!G -EB/BNFE1SPQFSUZS <> <> όΠτίʔυ ػցޠ ౷ܭ৘ใ ࠷దԽ ୤࠷దԽ

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JavaScript Τϯδϯ • JavaScriptͷධՁ • ϝϞϦ؅ཧ • Πϕϯτϧʔϓ

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JavaScriptͷධՁ • ύʔαʔ • ΠϯλϓϦλ • JITίϯύΠϥ

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ύʔαʔ GVODUJPOTVN B C \ SFUVSOBC ^ TVN < QBSFO > UPLFOJ[F "45 < QBSFO > 1SPHSBN 'VODUJPO%FDMBSBUJPO *EFOUJ fi FSTVN QBSBNT *EFOUJ fi FSC *EFOUJ fi FSB

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ύʔαʔ GVODUJPOTVN B C \ SFUVSOBC ^ TVN < QBSFO > UPLFOJ[F "45 < QBSFO > 1SPHSBN 'VODUJPO%FDMBSBUJPO *EFOUJ fi FSTVN QBSBNT *EFOUJ fi FSC *EFOUJ fi FSB +BWB4DSJQU΋͜Ε·Ͱͱಉ༷໦ߏ଄Ͱද͞ΕΔɻ "CTUSBDU4ZOUBY5SFFͱ͍͏ߏ଄ɻ

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ΠϯλʔϓϦλ 1SPHSBN 'VODUJPO%FDMBSBUJPO *EFOUJ fi FSTVN QBSBNT *EFOUJ fi FSC *EFOUJ fi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͔ΒCZUFDPEFʹ্ͨ͠Ͱ࣮ߦ͢Δɻ 3FTVMU

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Just In Time ίϯύΠϥ *OUFSQSFUFS +*5$PNQJMFS &YDBBFDBF!$SFBUF6ONBQQFE"SHVNFOUT YDBBFDBG!G4UBSS 4YDBBFDC!G-EB/BNFE1SPQFSUZS <> <> YDBBFDC!G4UBSS YDBBFDC!C-EB;FSP &YDBBFDC!G5FTU&RVBM4USJDUS <> YDBBFDCC!B+VNQ*G'BMTF<> YDBBFDE ! 4YDBBFDCE!-EB/BNFE1SPQFSUZUIJT <> <> YDBBFDD!G4UBSS YDBBFDD!C-EB;FSP YDBBFDD!G4UBSS &YDBBFDD!-EB/BNFE1SPQFSUZUIJT <> <> YDBBFDDB!G4UBSS &YDBBFDDD!BGGG$BMM1SPQFSUZS UIJT S S <> 4YDBBFDE!BB3FUVSO 4YDBBFDE!-EB/BNFE1SPQFSUZUIJT <> <> YDBBFDE!GC4UBSS bytecode Optimized machine code Optimize Deoptimize

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Just In Time ίϯύΠϥ GVODUJPOTVN B C \ SFUVSOBC ^ ਺ࣈΛ଍ؔ͢਺ TVN Կ౓΋਺ࣈΛ଍͠߹Θ͓͚ͤͯ͹ɺTVNؔ਺ͷ Ҿ਺͸਺ࣈɺಛʹJOUFHFSCJUҐ͔͕Θ͔Δ ͦ͏͢Ε͹ɺػցޠʹ͢Δ࣌ʹ࠷దԽ͕Ͱ͖Δɻ

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Just In Time ίϯύΠϥ GVODUJPOTVN B C \ SFUVSOBC ^ ਺ࣈΛ଍ؔ͢਺ TVN Կ౓΋਺ࣈΛ଍͠߹Θ͓͚ͤͯ͹ɺTVNؔ਺ͷ Ҿ਺͸਺ࣈɺಛʹJOUFHFSCJUҐ͔͕Θ͔Δ ͦ͏͢Ε͹ɺػցޠʹ͢Δ࣌ʹ࠷దԽ͕Ͱ͖Δɻ ͜Ε͕+VTU*O5JNFίϯύΠϥͰݴ͏ͱ͜Ζͷ࠷దԽॲཧ

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Just In Time ίϯύΠϥ GVODUJPOTVN B C \ SFUVSOBC ^ ਺ࣈΛ଍ؔ͢਺ TVN Կ౓΋਺ࣈΛ଍͠߹Θ͓͚ͤͯ͹ɺTVNؔ਺ͷ Ҿ਺͸਺ࣈɺಛʹJOUFHFSCJUҐ͔͕Θ͔Δ ͦ͏͢Ε͹ɺػցޠʹ͢Δ࣌ʹ࠷దԽ͕Ͱ͖Δɻ GVODUJPOTVN B C \ SFUVSOBC ^ ͍͖ͳΓ͜͜ͰจࣈྻΛ଍͢ TVN ࠷దԽ͞ΕͨॴͰจࣈྻΛҾ਺ʹ౉ͨ͠ΒͲ͏ͳ Δ͔ʁ

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JIT Λࡴ͢ཁҼҰཡ (v8) • ܕ৘ใͷෆҰக • not int32 (integer ͡Όͳ͔ͬͨ) • not a string (จࣈྻ͡Όͳ͔ͬͨ) • not an array index (഑ྻͷఴࣈ͡Ό ͳ͔ͬͨ) • etc https://github.com/v8/v8/blob/master/src/deoptimizer/deoptimize-reason.h • ༧ظͤ͵ૢ࡞ • cow array's elements changed   (ίϐʔͨ͠഑ྻ͕มߋ͞Εͨ) • division by zero (θϩআࢉ) • Out of bounds (഑ྻͷൣғ௒͑) • etc

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JavaScript ͷϝϞϦ؅ཧ • جຊతʹԿ͔͠ΒͷΦϒδΣΫτΛ࡞ͬͨΒ ϝϞϦ͕֬อ͞ΕΔ • ϝϞϦʹೖ͍ͬͯΔΦϒδΣΫτ͸͍Βͳ͘ ͳͬͨΒ࡟আ͞ΕΔ • ͦͷಈ͖ʹ͍ͭͯղઆ͢Δ

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ώʔϓྖҬ Ψϕʔδί ϨΫλ ࢖͍ͬͯͳ͍෺Λ ݟ͚ͭͯճऩ͢Δ JavaScriptΨϕʔδίϨΫγϣ ϯ

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ϚʔΫΞϯυεΠʔϓ SPPU ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ౸ୡෆՄೳ   => ճऩՄೳ ౸ୡՄೳ   => ੜ͖ͯΔՄೳੑ͕ߴ͍

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SPPU ຊདྷෆཁ͕ͩ root ͔Β   ౸ୡՄೳͳॴʹ͋Δ ϚʔΫΞϯυεΠʔϓ

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SPPU ຊདྷෆཁ͕ͩ root ͔Β   ౸ୡՄೳͳॴʹ͋Δ ϚʔΫΞϯυεΠʔϓ ͜ͷঢ়گ͕ϝϞϦϦʔΫͱݺ͹ΕΔঢ়گ

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Πϕϯτϧʔϓ • JavaScript ʹ͸ಉظతͳॲཧͱඇಉظతͳॲཧͷ2छྨ ͕ଘࡏ͢Δɻ • ୯७ͳԋࢉͳΒಉظతͳॲཧʹ౰ͨΔ • HTTPϦΫΤετ΍λΠϚʔʹΑΔॲཧ͸ඇಉظతͳॲཧ ʹ౰ͨΔ • ඇಉظతͳॲཧͱಉظతͳॲཧΛ࣮ࠞͥͯߦ͢ΔͨΊͷ ػߏ͕ΠϕϯτϧʔϓͰ͋Δ

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Πϕϯτϧʔϓɹ

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Πϕϯτϧʔϓ • ಉظతͳॲཧͷ৔߹

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Πϕϯτϧʔϓ • ඇಉظతͳॲཧͷ৔߹

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Πϕϯτϧʔϓ • ඇಉظతͳॲཧͷ৔߹

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GFUDI FYBNQMFKTPO UIFO SFT \ DPOTPMFMPH SFT ^ GFUDI 5JNFS )551 6TFS*OQVU ϚΠΫϩλεΫΩϡʔ ωοτϫʔΫϦΫΤετΛߦ͍ɺ ϨεϙϯεΛ଴ͭ Ϩεϙϯε͕ऴΘͬͨΒϚΠΫϩ λεΫΩϡʔʹੵ·ΕΔ

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GFUDI FYBNQMFKTPO UIFO SFT \ DPOTPMFMPH SFT ^ GFUDI 5JNFS )551 6TFS*OQVU ϚΠΫϩλεΫΩϡʔ 1. ωοτϫʔΫϦΫΤετΛߦ ͍ɺϨεϙϯεΛ଴ͭ 2. Ϩεϙϯε͕ऴΘͬͨΒίʔϧ όοΫΩϡʔʹੵ·ΕΔ ίʔϧόοΫΩϡʔ

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ελοΫ 5JNFS )551 6TFS*OQVU ϚΠΫϩλεΫΩϡʔ ίʔϧόοΫΩϡʔ DPOTPMFMPH SFT 3. ίʔϧόοΫΩϡʔ͔Βελο Ϋʹੵ·Εɺ࣮ߦ͞ΕΔ 4. ࣮ߦ͍ͯ͠ΔελοΫ͔ΒϚΠ ΫϩλεΫΩϡʔʹੵ·ΕΔ

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ωοτϫʔΫ

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ωοτϫʔΫ • ௨৴Λߦ͍ɺཁٻ͞ΕͨίϯςϯπΛμ΢ϯ ϩʔυͨ͠Γɺ·ͨσʔλΛΞοϓϩʔυ͠ ͨΓ͢Δɻ • HTTP(S)௨৴Λߦ͏ϨΠϠͰɺۙ೥͸ HTTP/3 ͳͲ͕༗ޮʹͳΓͭͭ͋Δɻ

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ωοτϫʔΫ

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ωοτϫʔΫ • URLΛೖྗ͔ͯ͠Βϖʔδ͕දࣔ͞ΕΔ·ͰͷྲྀΕ

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ωοτϫʔΫ • URLΛೖྗ͔ͯ͠Βϖʔδ͕දࣔ͞ΕΔ·ͰͷྲྀΕ

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HTTP֓ཁ

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ίϯςϯτ ϔομϑΟʔϧυ τϨʔϥʔϑΟʔϧυ ίϯςϯτ ϔομϑΟʔϧυ τϨʔϥʔϑΟʔϧυ ։࢝ߦ HTTP/1.1 HTTP/2, HTTP/3 HTTP Semantics

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HTTP Semantics • HTTP ͸جຊతʹϦΫΤετ / ϨεϙϯεͰͷ΍ΓऔΓ͕ߦΘΕΔɻ • HTTP ϦΫΤετʹ͸ϦΫΤετߦͱϔομʔͱݺ͹ΕΔϝλ৘ใͱϘ σΟͱݺ͹ΕΔίϯςϯτ৘ใؚ͕·ΕΔɻ(※ ؆ུԽͷͨΊHTTP/1.1 ͷղઆ) • 1045JOEFYIUNM)551   BDDFQUUFYUIUNM BDDFQUFODPEJOHH[JQ EF fl BUF CS BDDFQUMBOHVBHFFO64 FOR KBR   DBDIFDPOUSPMOPDBDIF DPPLJFGPPCBSCB[   GPPCBSIPHFGVHB ϦΫΤετߦ ϦΫΤετϔομʔ ϦΫΤετϘσΟ σʔλ಺༰

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HTTP Semantics • ϦΫΤετΛड͚औͬͨΒαʔό͸ϨεϙϯεʢԠ౴ʣΛฦ͢ • HTTP Ϩεϙϯεʹ͸εςʔλεΛද͢৘ใͱϨεϙϯεϔομ ʢϝλσʔλʣɺϨεϙϯεϘσΟʢ಺༰ʣؚ͕·ΕΔ )5510, "HF $BDIF$POUSPMNBYBHF $POUFOU5ZQFUFYUIUNMDIBSTFU65' %BUF.PO "QS(.5 $POUFOU-FOHUI EPDUZQFIUNM IUNM IFBE εςʔλεߦ Ϩεϙϯεϔομ ϨεϙϯεϘσΟ

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HTTP ௨৴Πϝʔδ

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Method • GET ϦιʔεΛऔಘ͢ΔͨΊͷϝιου • HEAD ϦιʔεͷϝλσʔλͷΈऔಘ͢ΔͨΊͷϝιουɺίϯςϯτ ͸ؚ·ͳ͍ • POST ϦιʔεΛαʔόʹૹ৴͢ΔͨΊͷϝιου • PUT ϦιʔεΛαʔόʹૹ৴͢ΔͨΊͷϝιου • PATCH ϦιʔεΛαʔόʹૹ৴͢ΔͨΊͷϝιου • DELETE ϦιʔεΛαʔό͔Β࡟আ͢ΔͨΊͷϝιου

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Status • 200ܥ: ੒ޭɺσʔλͷຊମ͕͋Ε͹ૹΔ • 300ܥ: ϦμΠϨΫγϣϯϝοηʔδ • 400ܥ: ΫϥΠΞϯτΤϥʔ • 500ܥ: αʔόΤϥʔ

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4FSWFS GET /main.css GET /main.js GET /image0.png σʔλͷ΍ΓऔΓ GET /index.html 200 OK 200 OK 404 Not Found 304 Not Modi fi ed

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4FSWFS GET /main.css GET /main.js GET /image0.png σʔλͷ΍ΓऔΓ GET /index.html 200 OK 200 OK 404 Not Found 304 Not Modi fi ed )551্Ͱσʔλͷ΍ΓऔΓ͕ߦΘΕɺͦΕ͕ϨϯμϦϯάϓ ϩηε΍+4Τϯδϯ͕࣮ߦ͞ΕΔϑΣʔζΛܦͯϖʔδ͕ग़Δ

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ωοτϫʔΫ • ͪΐͬͱ͚ͩTCP/IPͱ͔ͷ࿩Λ͠·͢ɻ

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TCP/IP • (؆ུԽͷͨΊ) TCP Λϕʔεʹ࿩͢ͱɺ֘౰ͷαʔόʹ͍͖ͳ Γ઀ଓ͢ΔͷͰ͸ͳ͘ɺ3ճͷ઀ଓ֬ೝΛܦͯ઀ଓ͢Δɻ • ͜ͷ઀ଓ֬ೝͷ͜ͱΛ 3 way handshake ͱݺͿɻ ͭͳ͛ΔΑʔ (SYN) ͍͍Αʔ ͬͪ͜΋ͭͳ͛ΔΑʔ(SYN-ACK) ͡Ό͋ͭͳ͙Ͷʔ (ACK)

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͡Ό͋ࢲͷ伴ͱ߹Θͤͯ͜ΕͰ࿩͠·͠ΐ͏ɻ   (Client Certi fi cate) TLS • HTTP ͳΒ͜ΕͰܨ͕Δ͕ɺ࠷ۙͷେମͷWebαʔό͸ HTTPS ͳ ͷͰɺ͜Ε͚ͩͰ͸ܨ͕Βͳ͍ɻ҉߸ԽͷͨΊͷ΍ΓऔΓ͕ߋʹ ߦΘΕΔɻ(※؆ུԽ͍ͯ͠ΔͨΊɺਖ਼֬Ͱ͸ͳ͍) ΑΖ͓͘͠ئ͍͍ͨ͠·͢ɻ(Client Hello) ͪ͜Βͦ͜ΑΖ͓͘͠Ͷ͕͍͠·͢ɻ (Server Hello) Θͨ͠͸͜͏͍͏΋ͷͰ͢ɻ (Server Certi fi cate) ͜͏͍͏伴Ͱ࿩ͤ·͢ (Server Key Exchange) Θͨ͠͸͜͏͍͏΋ͷͰ͢ɻ(Client Certi fi cate)

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HTTP௨৴ํࣜ • HTTP/1.1 • HTTP/2 • HTTP/3

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HTTP/1.1 • Ұճ઀ଓͨ͠ TCP ઀ଓΛ࢖͍ଓ͚Δ Keep-Alive ػೳ͕σϑΥϧτ ͰඋΘ͍ͬͯΔɻ • ͜ͷଞʹ΋ Pipelining ͳͲ΋ଘࡏ͢Δ͕͜͜Ͱͷղઆ͸ׂѪ͢Δɻ • ͜͜Ͱॏཁͳͷ͸ɺ HTTP/1.0 Ͱ͸Ұ୴ϦΫΤετͱϨεϙϯε͕ ऴྃͨ͠ΒɺͦΕʹ൐ͬͯ TCP ͷ઀ଓ΋ऴྃ͢Δͱ͍͏ಈ͖Λͯ͠ ͍ͨॴ͕ɺϦΫΤετͱϨεϙϯε͕ऴྃͨ͠ͱͯ͠΋઀ଓΛҡ࣋ ͢ΔΑ͏ʹվળ͞Ε͍ͯΔɻ • ͜ͷͨΊɺTCP/IPͷ઀ଓίετ͕Լ͕ͬͯΔɻ

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HTTP/1.1 HTTP/1.0 HTTP/1.1

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4FSWFS ͪͳΈʹ)551ͷ৔߹ɺΫϥΠΞϯτ͔ Βαʔόʹ͸࠷େ઀ଓ·Ͱ͔͠ૹΕͳ͍ɻ HTTP/1.1ͷฐ֐

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4FSWFS ҰݸͰ΋஗͍ͱղܾ͞ΕΔ·Ͱ͔ͭ͠࢖͑ͳ͍ HTTP/1.1ͷฐ֐

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4FSWFS )551ͩͱͭͷίωΫγϣϯ ͷதͰଟॏԽͯ͠ૹΔɻ HTTP/2

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4FSWFS )551ͩͱͭͷίωΫγϣϯ ͷதͰଟॏԽͯ͠ૹΔɻ HTTP/2 ͖ͬ͞ͷ5$1)BOETIBLFd5-4઀ଓཱ֬·Ͱ͕   Ұճ͚ͩʹͳΔɻޮ཰తɻ

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σʔλͷ΍ΓऔΓ: HTTP/3 • HTTP/2 Ͱ઀ଓίετͷ௿ݮ͕Ͱ͖͕ͨ໰୊΋͋Δɻ • ωοτϫʔΫ઀ଓ͕ෆ҆ఆͳ৔߹ TCP ઀ଓʹΑΓɺ͢΂ͯͷίωΫ γϣϯ͕ղܾ·Ͱʹ଴ͨ͞ΕΔέʔε͕༗Δɻཁ͸ύέϩεʹऑ͍ɻ • 4FSWFS 5$1ͷϨΠϠͰෆ੔߹͕͋Δͱෆ੔߹͕గਖ਼͞Ε Δ·Ͱશମ͕ϒϩοΫ͞ΕΔɻ

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TCP͓͞Β͍ • TCP ͸৴པੑ͕ߴ͍ϓϩτίϧ • ύέϩε࣌ͷ࠶ૹ੍ޚ΍ॱং౸ୡ੍ޚͳͲɺసૹ࣌ͷ໰୊Λղ ܾͯ͘͠ΕΔɻ 4FSWFS ) & - "DL & "DL͕དྷ ͳ͍ ࠶ૹ͢Δ "DL ͕དྷ͚ͨͲͦΕ ·Ͱड৴ͨ͠΋ͷ ͸ഁغ͢ΔͶɻ - ͔Β΋ ͏Ұ౓࠶

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HTTP/3 • UDP ্ʹϓϩτίϧΛ࡞͍ͬͯΔ • TCPͷޡΓగਖ਼ͳͲͷ࢓૊ΈΛࣗ෼ͨͪͷϨΠϠ্Ͱ࠶࣮૷ 4FSWFS ) & - ͕དྷͯͳ͍Α ̐& ඞཁͳ ΋ͷͷΈ ࠶ૹ Λ࢒ͨ͠· ·͕དྷͨ͜ ͱʹ͢Δ

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σʔλͷ΍ΓऔΓ: HTTP/3 • HTTP/3 Ͱ͸͜ͷ࢓૊ΈʹΑΓɺ઀ଓ಺Ͱͷσʔλෆ੔߹͕ ൃੜͯ͠΋શମΛετοϓͤͣ͞ʹ֘౰ͷετϦʔϜͷΈగ ਖ਼ͤ͞Δɻ • 4FSWFS Ұ෦ͷετϦʔϜ͕ࢭ·ͬͯ΋શମʹӨڹ͕ग़ͳ ͍࢓૊Έ

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HTTP/3 ʹ͍ͭͯ • ผࢴࢀর

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σʔλετϨʔδ

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σʔλετϨʔδ • Ϩεϙϯεͷ৘ใ(Cache)΍Ϣʔβʔͷ৘ใ (Cookie, Localstorage etc)ΛϋʔυσΟεΫʹ ஝ੵ͓ͯ͘͠৔ॴ • σʔλετϨʔδʹσʔλΛஔ͍͓ͯ͘͜ͱ ͰσʔλΛӬଓԽͨ͠Γɺ Cache ʹΑΔ࠷ద ԽΛߦ͏͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ

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Cache Storage • ϨεϙϯεΛΩϟογϡ͢Δ࢓૊Έ 4FSWFS GET /main.css GET /main.js GET /image0.png GET /index.html 200 OK 200 OK 404 Not Found 304 Not Modi fi ed Ұճμ΢ϯϩʔυͨ͠ϑΝΠϧ͸ωοτϫʔΫ͔ΒಡΈࠐΈͨ ͘ͳ͍ɻ࠶ར༻͍ͨ͠ɻ

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Cache Storage • αʔόଆ͕ HTTP ϨεϙϯεϔομʹΩϟογϡͱ͠ ͯอଘͯ͠ྑ͍͔Ͳ͏͔/Ωϟογϡ༗ޮظؒΛࣔͤ͹ Ωϟογϡ͕༗ޮʹͳΔɻ • Cache-Control / ETag ͱ͍ͬͨΩϟογϡ༻ͷϔομ Λ׆༻͢Δɻ $BDIF$POUSPMNBYBHFඵؒɺΫϥΠΞϯτͷ$BDIFͱ ͯ͠༗ޮ &UBHJEFOUσʔλͷࣝผՄೳͳ஋ɺ&UBH஋͕มΘͬͯ ͍ͳ͍͔Ͳ͏͔Λαʔόʹ໰͍߹ΘͤͯมΘ͍ͬͯͳ͔ͬͨΒΩϟογϡ͕ ࢖ΘΕΔɻมΘ͍ͬͯͨΒ࠶μ΢ϯϩʔυ

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Cookie Storage • ΫϥΠΞϯτ಺ͷσʔλͱͯ͠อଘ͞Εɺϒϥ΢β͔Β αʔόʹຖճϦΫΤετ͕ૹ৴͞ΕΔɻ • ओʹҎԼͷΑ͏ͳ༻్Ͱ࢖ΘΕΔɻ • ηογϣϯ؅ཧʢϩάΠϯɺγϣοϐϯάΧʔτͳͲʣ • ύʔιφϥΠζʢϢʔβઃఆɺςʔϚͳͲʣ • τϥοΩϯάʢϢʔβʔͷߦಈه࿥෼ੳʣ

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Cookie Storage • Ϩεϙϯεϔομʹ Set-Cookie ͔Β࢝·ΔσʔλΛೖ ΕΔ͜ͱͰอଘͤ͞Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δɻ • ࣍ճҎ߱ͷϦΫΤετͰͦͷ Cookie ͕αʔόʹૹΒ ΕΔɻ 4FSWFS Set-Cookie: id=1; Cookie: id=1;

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Cookie Storage • Cookie Λ࢖ͬͯྫ͑͹ϩάΠϯ੒ޭ࣌ʹηογϣϯID Λ෇༩͢Δɻ • ࣍ճҎ߱͸ηογϣϯID͕༗ޮ͔Ͳ͏͔Λ֬ೝ͢Ε͹ ϩάΠϯ͍ͯ͠Δ͔Ͳ͏͔ΛαʔόଆͰ൑ผͰ͖Δɻ • ͦͷࡍʹ Expires ΍ MaxAge ଐੑΛ࢖͑͹͍ͭ·Ͱอ ࣋ͤ͞Δ͔΋ࢦఆͰ͖Δɻ

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Cookie Storage id pass 4FSWFS GET / 302 Redirect GET /login 200 OK POST /login id=foo&pass=xxx 302 Redirect Set-Cookie: session=xxx GET / cookie: session=xxx

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Cookie Storage id pass 4FSWFS GET / 302 Redirect GET /login 200 OK POST /login id=foo&pass=xxx 302 Redirect Set-Cookie: session=xxx GET / cookie: session=xxx 4FTTJPO$PPLJFΛ࡞Δ·ͰͷྲྀΕ

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Web Storages • Session/Local storage • IndexedDB

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Session Storage • গྔͷσʔλΛλϒ͕ੜ͖͍ͯΔ͚ؒͩอଘ ͍ͨ͠ͱ͍͏έʔε

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Local Storage • গྔͷσʔλΛλϒΛ·͍ͨͰͰ͖Δ͚ͩ௕ ͘อଘ͍ͨ͠

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IndexedDB • ଟྔͷσʔλΛอଘ͍ͨ͠৔߹

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֤ετϨʔδͷಛ௃ Cookie local storage session storage Indexed DB σʔλͷӾཡ ൣғ ϒϥ΢βͷλ ϒؒͰڞ௨ ϒϥ΢βͷλ ϒؒͰڞ௨ λϒ಺ͷΈ ϒϥ΢βͷλ ϒؒͰڞ௨ ΞΫηε੍ݶ Path ΍ Domain ͰҰ ಉҰੜ੒ݩϙ Ϧγʔ ಉҰੜ੒ݩϙ Ϧγʔ ಉҰੜ੒ݩϙ Ϧγʔ αʔόͷϦΫ Τετ࣌ʹࣗ ૹ৴͞ΕΔ ૹ৴͞Εͳ͍ ૹ৴͞Εͳ͍ ૹ৴͞Εͳ͍ JavaScript͔ ΒͷΞΫηε httpOnly Ͱ੍ ݶՄೳ ຖճΞΫηε Մೳ ຖճΞΫηε Մೳ ຖճΞΫηε Մೳ σʔλͷੜଘ ظؒ max-age, expires Ͱ੍ݶ Մೳ ແ੍ݶ λϒΛด͡Δ ·Ͱ ແ੍ݶ σʔλͷ༰ྔ 4KB 5MB 5MB جຊແ੍ݶ(ϒ ϥ΢β࣍ୈ)

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ޙ൒ Agenda • ϋϯζΦϯ • ϩάΠϯϑΥʔϜΛ࡞ͬͯΈΑ͏ • ·ͱΊ

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ϋϯζΦϯ

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ϋϯζΦϯ • ࠓ·Ͱڭ͑ͨ͜ͱΛΞϓϦΛ࡞Γͳ͕ΒৼΓฦΔɻ • ωοτϫʔΫͷ΍ΓऔΓ • σʔλετϨʔδʹ͍ͭͯ • JavaScript Τϯδϯʹ͍ͭͯ • Ͳ͏΍ͬͯϨϯμϦϯά͞ΕͯΔ͔

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αʔόΛ࡞Δ • Ұ୴͔͜͜ΒϋϯζΦϯΛ։࢝͠·͢ɻ • Node.js ͕ඞཁͳͷͰೖΕ͓͍͍ͯͯͩ͘͞ɻ • HTML Λ഑৴Ͱ͖ΔΑ͏ʹͳΔ·Ͱ͸࡞͓ͬͯ ͍ͨͷͰɺ clone ࣮ͯ͠ߦ͍ͯͩ͘͠͞ɻ • HJUDMPOFIUUQTHJUIVCDPNSFDSVJUUFDICSPXTFSIBOETPOHJU DECSPXTFSIBOETPO OQNJOTUBMM OPEFBQQNKT PQFOIUUQMPDBMIPTU

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࣮ࡍͷϦΫΤετ/ϨεϙϯεΛ ோΊΔ • ಈ͍ͨΒ࣮ࡍͷϦΫΤετ/ϨεϙϯεΛோΊ ͯΈ·͠ΐ͏ɻ • Chrome Ͱ։ൃπʔϧ(⌘ + Shift + I)Λ։͖ɺ ωοτϫʔΫλϒʹભҠ͠ɺϦΫΤετɾϨ εϙϯεΛݟͯΈ·͢ɻ

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ωοτϫʔΫͷ΍ΓऔΓ • ͔ͤͬ͘ͳͷͰ https ʹͯ͠Έ·͠ΐ͏ɻ • લॲཧͱͯ͠CAͱূ໌ॻΛ࡞Γɺແཧ໼ཧ trust ͓͖ͤͯ͞·͢ɻ OQNFYFDNLDFSUDSFBUFDB OQNFYFDNLDFSUDSFBUFDFSU TVEPTFDVSJUZBEEUSVTUFEDFSUESUSVTU3PPUL-JCSBSZ ,FZDIBJOT4ZTUFNLFZDIBJODBDSU

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ωοτϫʔΫͷ΍ΓऔΓ • Node.js ଆ΋ https ʹରԠͤͯ͞Έ·͠ΐ͏ɻ • ઌఔ࡞ͬͨ cert ϑΝΠϧΛಡΊ͹ྑ͍Ͱ͢ɻ BQQNKT JNQPSU\SFBE'JMF4ZOD^GSPNGT௥ه JNQPSU\DSFBUF4FSWFS^GSPNIUUQTIUUQ͔ΒIUUQTʹมߋ DPOTUSFRTPO DSFBUF4FSWFS \ LFZSFBE'JMF4ZOD DFSULFZ ௥ه DFSUSFBE'JMF4ZOD DFSUDSU ௥ه ^ MJTUFO QPSU

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ωοτϫʔΫͷ΍ΓऔΓ • खͬऔΓૣ͘ curl ͰΞΫηεͯ͠த਎Λݟͯ Έ·͠ΐ͏ɻ DVSMJWWWIUUQTMPDBMIPTUMPHJO $POOFDUFEUPMPDBMIPTU QPSU TVDDFTTGVMMZTFUDFSUJ fi DBUFWFSJGZMPDBUJPOT 5-4W 065 5-4IBOETIBLF $MJFOUIFMMP 5-4W */ 5-4IBOETIBLF 4FSWFSIFMMP 5-4W */ 5-4IBOETIBLF $FSUJ fi DBUF 5-4W */ 5-4IBOETIBLF 4FSWFSLFZFYDIBOHF 5-4W */ 5-4IBOETIBLF 4FSWFS fi OJTIFE

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ωοτϫʔΫͷ΍ΓऔΓ • ࣍ʹ http2 ʹͯ͠Έ·͠ΐ͏ɻ • http2 ͷ createSecureServer Λ࢖ͬͯ http2 αʔόΛཱͯͯΈ·͠ΐ͏ɻ • Chrome ͷ։ൃऀπʔϧͰ http2 ʹͳ͍ͬͯ Ε͹੒ޭͰ͢ɻ

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σʔλετϨʔδΛࢼ͢ • CSS΍JSΛ Cache-Control Λ࢖ͬͯΩϟο γϡʹೖΕͯΈ·͠ΐ͏ɻ • ։ൃπʔϧͰ (Cached) ͳϨεϙϯε͕ؼͬͯ ͖͍ͯͨΒ੒ޭͰ͢ɻ

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σʔλετϨʔδΛࢼ͢ • ϩάΠϯΛ੒ޭͤͯ͞Έ·͠ΐ͏ɻ • id/password ΛνΣοΫ͠ɺ߹க͍ͯͨ͠Β੒ޭϨεϙϯ ε (302, Location: "/") ͱڞʹ Set-Cookie ͰΫοΩʔʹηο γϣϯIDΛೖΕͯΈ·͠ΐ͏ʢηογϣϯID͸ԿͰ΋ Մʣɻ • ϩάΠϯηογϣϯ͕ϦμΠϨΫτ͞Εɺ `Login Success!` ͕දࣔ͞Ε͍ͯͨΒ੒ޭͰ͢ɻ

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JavaScript Τϯδϯʹ͍ͭͯ • ͪͳΈʹࠓͷ script.js ͸׶͑ͯಈ͔ͳ͍Α͏ʹͳͬ ͯ·͢ɻ • ಈ͘Α͏ʹͯ͠Έ͍ͯͩ͘͞ɻͳΜͰಈ͔ͳ͍͔Λ ࢦఠͰ͖ͨΒՃ఺ɻ • DOMΛૢ࡞͠ͳ͕ΒύεϫʔυͷϚεΫΛ֎ͯ͠ɺ දࣔ͢ΔϘλϯͷಈ࡞Λ֬ೝͯ͠Έ͍ͯͩ͘͞ɻ

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JavaScript Τϯδϯʹ͍ͭͯ • ΋͠Ͱ͖ͨΒಈతʹύεϫʔυೖྗΛνΣο Ϋͤͯ͞Έ͍ͯͩ͘͞ɻ • ೖྗʹԠͯ͡಺༰ΛνΣοΫ͠ɺத਎͕ظ଴ ͢Δ΋ͷ͡Όͳ͔ͬͨΒૹΕͳ͍Α͏ʹͯ͠ Έ͍ͯͩ͘͞ɻ

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Ͳ͏΍ͬͯϨϯμϦϯά͞Εͯ Δ͔ • ࠷ޙʹ Login Success ͷը໘͕ऐ͍͠ͷͰ HTML Ͱࣗ༝ʹϚʔ ΫΞοϓ͍ͯͩ͘͠͞ɻ • ը૾ΛೖΕͨΓɺಈըͱ͔ೖΕͯΈͨΓ͢Δͷ͕ྑ͍Ͱ͠ΐ ͏ɻ • CSS ͷ z-index Λม͑ͯΈͯલܠͱഎܠΛม͑ͯΈ͍ͯͩ͘͞ɻ • ਌ͷཁૉ͕ࢠͲ΋ͷཁૉʹΑͬͯߴ͕͞มΘͬͨΓ͢Δ͜ͱΛ Chrome ͷ։ൃπʔϧͰ͔֬ΊͯΈ·͠ΐ͏ɻ

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·ͱΊ

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લ൒ • ϒϥ΢βͷػೳ • ϒϥ΢βͷߏ଄ • ϨϯμϦϯάͷ࢓૊Έ • JavaScript Τϯδϯͷ࢓૊Έ • ωοτϫʔΫͷ࢓૊Έ • σʔλετϨʔδͷ࢓૊Έ

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ޙ൒ • ϋϯζΦϯͰࠓ·Ͱशͬͨ΍ͭΛٯ޲͖ʹҰؾʹ ۦ͚ൈ͚ͯ΋Βͬͨɻ • ωοτϫʔΫ • σʔλετϨʔδ • JavaScript • ϨϯμϦϯά

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ϒϥ΢βͷத਎ͱ࢓૊ΈΛΘ্͔ͬͨ ͰϋϯζΦϯͰҰؾʹಈ͘΋ͷΛࢼ͢ • ಄ͷதʹϒϥ΢βͷϚοϓΛ΋ͬͨঢ়ଶͰϋϯζΦϯΛ΍ͬ ͯ΋Β͍·ͨ͠ɻ • ͢΂ͯͰ͖ͳ͔ͬͨਓ΋͍Δͱࢥ͏ͷͰɺͦͷํ͸॓୊ͱ͠ ͯ࢒͓͖ͯ͠·͢ɻ • ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯΛ࡞Δ͜ͱ͕Ұ൪ษڧʹͳΔͷͰ͓͢͢Ί ͠·͢ɻ • ಄ͷதʹϚοϓΛ࡞ΓɺΞϓϦέʔγϣϯΛ࡞ΓɺͦΕΛߋ ৽͢Δͱ͍͏αΠΫϧΛճ͍͖ͯ͠·͠ΐ͏ɻ