VSHN – The DevOps Company Adrian Kosmaczewski, Developer Relations DevOps in Switzerland from 2018 to 2022 Thank you so much for attending this event, both to you here in person today and to those watching this event from anywhere in the world via LinkedIn. My name is Adrian Kosmaczewski, and I am responsible for Developer Relations at VSHN, the DevOps Company. Speaker notes 1

VSHN – The DevOps Company Γνῶθι σαυτόν Pronounced "gnōthi saftón". Does anyone speak Greek in the audience? Maybe we have some Greek attendees in LinkedIn. Does anyone of you know what this means? Speaker notes 2

VSHN – The DevOps Company OK, here’s a hint: it is a philosophical maxim formerly written on the walls of the Temple of Apollo in the ancient Greek location of Delphi. Heraclitus and Plato have talked about this concept extensively. By Jason M Ramos - , CC BY 2.0, Speaker notes www.flickr.com/photos/jaysmark/11198935385/ commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php? curid=132118065 3

VSHN – The DevOps Company Know Thyself It means, "know thyself." It calls for us to reflect on our capabilities, our limits, our potential, to understand it to the maximum possible extent, to apply that knowledge with ethics, kindness, and wisdom. Speaker notes 4

VSHN – The DevOps Company We have conducted our "DevOps in Switzerland" survey from 2018 to 2023 to answer precisely this question. We have tried to read the story behind the figures, to understand the structure and the behavior of DevOps teams in this country. Who are they? How big are their companies? What technologies do they use? How are they organized? And through this process, we have come to learn a lot about us. Not only about VSHN (after all, our slogan is "The DevOps Company") but also about our industry, our colleagues, and our profession. Speaker notes 5

VSHN – The DevOps Company The period we covered coincided with some major events; first, with the COVID-19 pandemic, which added a certain amount of tension to the story. There was also the announcement and arrival of a Swiss region in Amazon Web Services, another major event in our local industry. Speaker notes 6

VSHN – The DevOps Company Finally, it was the time when Kubernetes won the "war" against all other container orchestration systems (anyone remembers Apache Mesos or Docker Swarm? Well, there you go.) Speaker notes 7

VSHN – The DevOps Company Download the DevOps in Switzerland 2023 Report www.vshn.ch/en/devops-report-2023 With the data gathered we have compiled four consecutive reports, covering from 2020 to 2023, all available as a free download from our website; you’re all very welcome to download your free copy. In each report, we include a brief introduction explaining "What is DevOps" but I will leave that to Romano who will explain after the ins and outs of how to succeed in scaling your DevOps efforts. Speaker notes 8

VSHN – The DevOps Company 1. Executive Summary 2. Demographics 3. Processes & Culture 4. Conclusion Agenda In this talk, I’m going to provide a quick summary of 5 years of data, highlighting some trends and maybe even daring to predict our near future. Speaker notes 9

VSHN – The DevOps Company 1. Executive Summary If you are rushing and would like to learn the most important parts of our reports, here it goes: Speaker notes 10

VSHN – The DevOps Company DevOps is here to stay DevOps is here to stay. Companies are increasingly enabling their teams to operate independently, provisioning and configuring their own infrastructure as needed, to respond to the needs of their respective markets. All companies are software companies now, and DevOps teams can be found in all markets and industries. Speaker notes 11

VSHN – The DevOps Company    IT budgets have consistently increased IT budgets have consistently increased throughout the period, with a strong uptick during the COVID-19 pandemic. Speaking about which, two-thirds of our respondents in 2021 declared to have been impacted by the pandemic in one way or another. Speaker notes 12

VSHN – The DevOps Company Public and hybrid cloud preferred to private In general, businesses are increasingly privileging public and hybrid cloud infrastructures to private options. Speaker notes 13

VSHN – The DevOps Company Kubernetes won As mentioned previously, Kubernetes won. It is everywhere, in all of its forms, in as many shapes as you can imagine. Speaker notes 14

VSHN – The DevOps Company Linux, PostgreSQL, Python, and Argo CD In terms of technology, businesses are moving towards Linux, PostgreSQL, Python, and Argo CD faster and faster. Speaker notes 15

VSHN – The DevOps Company Container technology is standard Container technology is an absolute standard now, with more than 90% of respondents having adopted it in production environments. Speaker notes 16

VSHN – The DevOps Company AKS, EKS, GKE, SKS, ROSA, ARO… OpenShift 4 & managed Kubernetes DevOps teams and increasingly choosing managed Kubernetes services, such as EKS, AKS, GKE, or Exoscale SKS, instead of managing their clusters themselves. Speaker notes 17

VSHN – The DevOps Company Microsoft Azure leader in Switzerland Finally, Microsoft Azure took the lead among hyperscalers in Switzerland. Google Cloud could not sustain the growth it showed between 2018 and 2019, and meanwhile Amazon Web Services announced and launched a Swiss region. Speaker notes 18

VSHN – The DevOps Company DevOps is here to stay IT budgets have consistently increased Public and hybrid cloud preferred to private Kubernetes won Linux, PostgreSQL, Python, and Argo CD Container technology is standard Red Hat OpenShift 4 & managed K8s AKS, EKS, GKE, SKS, ROSA, ARO… Microsoft Azure leader in Switzerland TL;DR Here’s a summary of our most important findings. Speaker notes 19

VSHN – The DevOps Company Thanks for attending my TED Talk! Speaker notes 20

VSHN – The DevOps Company No wait! There’s more to come :) Speaker notes 21

VSHN – The DevOps Company Methodology First, a few words about how we gathered the information. Speaker notes 22

VSHN – The DevOps Company SurveyMonkey (2018-2022) Survicate (2023) Collection We used SurveyMonkey for the first 4 surveys (from 2018 to 2022.) This year we switched to Survicate. In each survey, we roughly asked the same questions, which allowed us to provide some comparison year-to- year. Speaker notes 23

VSHN – The DevOps Company Responses Error Margin 2019-2020 250 7% 2021 54 13% 2022 89 10% 2023 120 9% We believe the sample sizes are representative of the local Swiss IT market, estimated at a total population of around 16000 companies. This year we have had a much bigger participation thanks to the promotion efforts of my colleagues Oksana and Aarno who have made a fantastic work of promoting the survey. Thanks a lot to all of you who participated! Speaker notes 24

VSHN – The DevOps Company 2. Demographics Let’s dig deeper in some of the data across time. Speaker notes 25

VSHN – The DevOps Company Software Finance Other Healthcare or Pharm a Insurance Engineering Retail M edia Agriculture Unknown 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 69% 20% 7% 6% 5% 2% 2% 2% 2% 1% Industries Unsurprisingly, most of our respondents work in the IT and software development fields; that’s consistently above 50%. The second most important industry is always Banking, Insurance, and Finance, which again shouldn’t surprise anyone. This is Switzerland, after all. Speaker notes 26

VSHN – The DevOps Company 2021 42% 13% 17% 16% 12% 2022 34% 17% 17% 17% 15% 1% 1–50 employees 51–250 employees 251–1'000 employees 1'001–10'000 employees 10'000+ employees Unknown Company Size In terms of company size, around 40% of our respondents work in companies up to 50 people, which shows the importance of small- and medium-sized companies in the country. Around 25 to 30% of respondents work in large organizations with more than 1000 people. These numbers are stable year after year. Speaker notes 27

VSHN – The DevOps Company 2021 38% 60% 2% 2022 51% 45% 4% Combined Separated I don't know IT Structure A critical topic for DevOps teams is the degree of separation between Dev and Ops. The numbers in Switzerland show a very stable story: 50 to 55% consistently report a combined team with Developers and Operation teams in their organizations, while 35 to 45% declare that those teams are separated. As a very interesting data point, the proportion of separated teams augmented significantly in the 2021 report, covering the year 2020. This was most probably caused by the fact that… well, we were all somewhat separated during that year for reasons of public knowledge. Speaker notes 28

VSHN – The DevOps Company 2021 39% 35% 6% 20% 2022 44% 25% 7% 24% Increased Steady Decreased I don't know IT Budget What about IT budgets? They have been consistently increasing, but with a slower rate, since 2018. In that year, more than 50% reported increasing IT budgets; only 39% said so in 2022, and 44% said so in 2023. There is a visible tightening of IT budgets worldwide, and even is Switzerland usually responds to different rhythms, the typical Swiss prudence and long-term outlook are also driving expenditures down. Speaker notes 29

VSHN – The DevOps Company 2022 44% 25% 7% 24% Increased Steady Decreased I don't know 2023 42% 24% 12% 22% Increase Steady Decrease I don't know IT Budget Forecast for 2023 In the 2023 survey, we have asked for a forecast for this year, and indeed the trend indicates "Steady" or "Decreasing" levels. Speaker notes 30

VSHN – The DevOps Company 3. Tools & Technology Let’s talk technology now. Speaker notes 31

VSHN – The DevOps Company Linux Windows macOS Other I don't know 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 2021 2022 Operating Systems In the past two reports we’ve asked respondents to tell us which operating systems they use in production the most, and unsurprisingly, Linux has shown tremendous growth, breaking the 90% barrier this year, to the expense of Windows and macOS. This question explicitly excludes workstations, concerning instead actual servers and containers. Speaker notes 32

VSHN – The DevOps Company Python Java JavaScript TypeScript Go C# PHP Kotlin C++ Ruby Scala Rust C Swift VB.NET F# Other I don't know 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 2021 2022 Programming Languages In terms of programming languages, we have some interesting trends: The top 5 languages have been consistently the following: JavaScript, Java, Python, Go, and C# Java, and Go, have remained more or less stable, going up and down year after year. However, JavaScript, PHP, C++, and Ruby have consistently lost their positions in popularity rankings since 2018. Python and Rust have shown considerable growth in our last report; Python most probably driven by the growth of the AI / ML market, and Rust because of its safety features, making it a very popular language these days. In the JVM, Kotlin shows timid growth, while Scala appears mostly stable. Speaker notes 33

VSHN – The DevOps Company 2021 75% 13% 11% 1% 2022 84% 11% 4% 1% Yes Not yet, but it's planned No, and it's not planned I don't know Container Technology The adoption of container technology was impressive and unstoppable; in 2018, only 67% of respondents declared using it, but in 2023, it’s almost 85% of them. Speaker notes 34

VSHN – The DevOps Company Red Hat OpenShift 4 Open Source Kubernetes AW S EKS Google GKE Azure AKS Docker Desktop SUSE Rancher Rancher Desktop Red Hat OpenShift 3 K3s VM ware PKS/Tanzu Azure ARO M inikube Exoscale SKS Swisscom Kubernetes Service Red Hat CodeReady Containers AW S ROSA Kind M icroK8s OpenShift on IBM Cloud Other Not yet, but it's planned No, and it's not planned I don't know 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 2021 2022 Kubernetes But let’s talk about Kubernetes, certainly our favorite platform. During 2020, the Kubernetes arena was shared by various distributions, without a clear winner in sight, but this trend has changed now, and in 2023 we can confidently say that Red Hat OpenShift 4 is the most popular Kubernetes distribution in Switzerland, followed closely by managed Kubernetes offerings like AKS, GKE, AKS, ROSA, ARO, and Exoscale SKS. The market share of these options grew at the expense of SUSE Rancher and version 3 of Red Hat OpenShift. Speaker notes 35

VSHN – The DevOps Company Terraform GitLab GitHub Ansible Jenkins Argo CD Azure DevOps OpenShift pipelines JFrog Puppet Crossplane Team City Flux Travis CI Not yet, but it's planned No, and it's not planned Other I don't know 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 2021 2022 CI/CD Tooling In terms of CI/CD tooling, the usual suspects appear in the top 5 consistently: Terraform, GitLab, GitHub, Ansible, and Jenkins. Argo CD is very probably going to enter the top 5 next year, showing impressive growth since 2022. Speaker notes 36

VSHN – The DevOps Company PostgreSQL NGINX ElasticSearch Object storage (S3) M ySQL Redis Kafka Other K8s Operators M ongoDB Oracle Database M ariaDB RabbitM Q Service M esh K8up Spark CockroachDB Airlock W AF Nevis W AF Project Syn Other I don't know 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 2021 2022 Auxiliary Backend Services What about auxiliary back-end services? The most popular choices are consistently PostgreSQL, NGINX, ElasticSearch, and S3-compatible object storage. We also see an increase in Mongo DB, Service Mesh, and Apache Kafka this year. Speaker notes 37

VSHN – The DevOps Company Public Cloud Hybrid Cloud Multi Cloud Private Cloud None I don't know 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 2021 2022 Cloud Strategies In terms of cloud strategies, we see a clear trend towards public cloud options, at the expense of hybrid and private cloud setups. We might be seeing more of this now that Amazon has opened a region in our country. Speaker notes 38

VSHN – The DevOps Company M icrosoft Azure Am azon AW S Google Cloud Private infrastructure VM ware-based Exoscale cloudscale.ch Swisscom APPUiO OpenStack Hetzner Infom aniak IBM Cloud Green Alibaba Cloud Oracle Cloud Other public cloud I don't know 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 2021 2022 Cloud Providers Speaking about which, Amazon lost market share to Azure in the period from 2018 to 2021 (30% to 20%), but following its announcement of a Swiss region in 2021, AWS has again grown to 45%. Google Cloud remains the 3rd most popular option, with a slightly dwindling market share, oscillating from 18% to 30%. Among local options, Exoscale has been growing consistently, from 7% in 2018 to 14% now. Far away are other options, like IBM Cloud, Hetzner, and even Alibaba Cloud! Speaker notes 39

VSHN – The DevOps Company 4. Processes & Culture What about organizational culture in the times of DevOps? Speaker notes 40

VSHN – The DevOps Company 2021 85% 14% 1% 2022 84% 15% 1% Positively Neutral Negatively Perception Swiss teams perceive DevOps with very positive eyes, and this is a consistent finding since 2018; between 80% and 90% percent of respondents, every year, claim that they’re very satisfied with the results provided by DevOps practices. The number of negative answers has also stayed stable, by the way, between 13 and 15% every year. Speaker notes 41

VSHN – The DevOps Company 2021 25% 55% 2% 8% 3% 7% 2022 32% 54% 2% 3% 7% 2% Yes, completely Yes, partially Planned in the next 12 months Planned in the next 1-2 years No, and not planned I don't know Adoption The adoption of DevOps practices, complete or partial, has stayed largely stable at around 80% since 2018. Even better, 50 to 75% of teams have implemented their DevOps teams in-house, without the help of external teams or consultants, while around 20% have asked for external help during the introduction of DevOps in their companies. Speaker notes 42

VSHN – The DevOps Company 2021 26% 31% 6% 13% 16% 9% 2022 30% 23% 18% 13% 8% 8% Full in production Partial in production Full in non-production Partial in non- production No I don't know Autonomy In the past 2 reports, we have also asked our respondents about the relative degree of autonomy of their teams: can they provision services by themselves? Do they need to go through some bureaucratic process to deploy their applications? This is one of the results that makes us the happiest, as we saw in 2023 a definitive trend towards full autonomy in teams; 30% can fully provision and configure services in production, while 23% can do that partially at least. The number of teams that aren’t able to do this at all shrank from 16% to 8% in the same period, a very welcome development. Speaker notes 43

VSHN – The DevOps Company DevOps is here to stay IT budgets have consistently increased Public and hybrid cloud preferred to private Kubernetes won Linux, PostgreSQL, Python, and Argo CD Container technology is standard Red Hat OpenShift 4 & managed K8s AKS, EKS, GKE, SKS, ROSA, ARO… Microsoft Azure leader in Switzerland Conclusion Here’s again a summary of our most important findings. Switzerland has been able to leave behind some ideas about how companies and teams should run. The old management, with roots in the venerable Swiss Army, has given way to a more modern approach, more adapted to the current mantras of "every company is a tech company" and that "software is eating the world." We are pleased to see that Swiss companies can go beyond the common hierarchical structures that are so dear to the Swiss society, and to build companies and teams following the DevOps principles. Speaker notes 44

VSHN – The DevOps Company Download the DevOps in Switzerland 2023 Report www.vshn.ch/en/devops-report-2023 Please scan this code to download the latest "DevOps in Switzerland" report, where you’ll also find links to the previous editions. All of these reports are free to download. We look forward to hearing your feedback! Speaker notes 45

VSHN – The DevOps Company Adrian Kosmaczewski, Developer Relations – VSHN AG – Neugasse 10 – CH-8005 Zürich – +41 44 545 53 00 – – Thanks! [email protected] vshn.ch [email protected] I would like to thank all of you who every year participate in the survey and provide their information. Thank you very much for your attention! Speaker notes 46