RailsConf 2019: Upgrade Rails 101 Workshop

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Upgrade Rails 101 The Roadmap to Smooth Upgrades RailsConf 2019

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Who is this workshop for? 2

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Workshop Outline 3

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Goal: The Upgrade Roadmap 4

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade fastruby.io/ upgrade 5

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade #RailsUpgrades 6

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Ernesto Tagwerker (he/him)

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Thanks to my main sponsor!

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Thanks to my main sponsor!

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Founder & Software Engineer at Ombu Labs

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Founder & Software Engineer at FastRuby.io

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade - “Upgrading Rails is easy, right?” - “Right, right, easy…”

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Questions are welcome

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Pre-Requisites

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade An outdated Rails application

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade 16 $ bundle install

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade 17 $ bundle exec rake

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade 18 $ bundle exec rspec

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade 19 $ bundle exec rake test

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade If you don’t have an outdated Rails app…

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade 21 $ git clone \ [email protected]:fastruby/e-petitions.git

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade 22 $ cd e-petitions $ ./bin/setup

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Questions?

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Exercise #1: Check Pre-Requisites Time: 10 minutes https://fastruby.io/upgrade#1 https://fastruby.io/upgrade#2 https://fastruby.io/upgrade#3

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Is your app ready for an upgrade?

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade bundle update rails ?

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Does your test suite succeed? 27

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Does your app have decent test coverage? 28

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Exercise #2: Calculate Test Coverage

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade SimpleCov 30

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade 31 # Gemfile group :test do gem 'simplecov', require: false end

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade 32 # spec/spec_helper.rb if ENV['COVERAGE'] == 'true' require 'simplecov' SimpleCov.start 'rails' end

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade 33 $ COVERAGE=true bundle exec rake

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Questions?

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade 35 Exercise #2: Check Test Coverage Time: 15 minutes https://fastruby.io/upgrade#4

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Is upgrading a good idea?

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Upgrading is always a good idea 37

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Let’s assume your application is well covered 38

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Trust The Process

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Gradual version jumps 40

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade ... ✅ 2.3 3.0 ✅ 3.0 3.1 ✅ 3.1 3.2 ✅ 3.2 4.0 ✅ 4.0 4.1 ✅ 4.1 4.2 ✅ 4.2 5.0 ✅ 5.0 5.1 ✅ 5.1 5.2 ✅ 5.2 6.0 41 Gemﬁle Gemﬁle.next { }

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade For every version jump: bundle install bundle exec rake Smoke test 42

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Ship backwards-compatible changes ﬁrst 43

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Every deprecation warning is a story 44

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Every failing scenario is a story 45

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Tiny Pull Requests over One Huge PR 46

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Tiny Changesets over Huge Changesets 47

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade 1. Tweak 2. Test 3. Merge And Iterate

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade The Version Jump Pull Request is Last 49

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Pessimistic Dependencies Checkup

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade SemVer 51

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade .. 52

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Rails 5.2.3 MAJOR: 5 MINOR: 2 PATCH: 3 54

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Dependencies should be pessimistic* 55

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade 56 # Gemfile (fixed version) source 'https://rubygems.org' gem 'rails', '4.2.7'

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade 57 $ bundle update $ cat Gemfile.lock | grep rails rails (4.2.7)

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade 58 # Gemfile (pessimistic versions) source 'https://rubygems.org' gem 'rails', '~> 4.2.7'

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade 59 $ bundle update $ cat Gemfile.lock | grep rails rails (4.2.11.1)

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Exercise #3: Relax your Gemﬁle

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Analyze your Gemﬁle 61

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade 62 $ bundle outdated Fetching gem metadata from https://rubygems.org/. Resolving dependencies..... Outdated gems included in the bundle: * actioncable (newest 5.2.3, installed 5.1.6) * actionmailer (newest 5.2.3, installed 5.1.6) * actionpack (newest 5.2.3, installed 5.1.6) * actionview (newest 5.2.3, installed 5.1.6) ...

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade For every ﬁxed dependency declaration: - Turn it into a pessimistic declaration 63

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade For every ﬁxed dependency declaration: 64 $ bundle update

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade For every ﬁxed dependency declaration: 65 $ bundle exec rake

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Does your build pass? - Submit a PR - Create a story 66 … and move on to the next ﬁxed dependency

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Remember: One at a time 67

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Questions?

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade 69 Exercise #3: Relax your Gemﬁle Time: 10 minutes https://fastruby.io/upgrade#5

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade What happened? 70

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Dual Boot: Bundle Install

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Let’s bump that Rails version 72

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Dual boot: There are many gems for that 73

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade 74 # Gemfile group :development do gem "ten_years_rails", git: "https://github.com/fastruby/ten_years_rails_conf_2018.git", branch: "fixes/ruby-2-2-syntax-error" end

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade 75 $ bundle install

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade 76 $ bundle_report outdated cucumber-rails 1.4.0: released over 5 years ago (latest version, 1.7.0, released 11 days ago) rack-test 0.6.3: released over 4 years ago (latest version, 1.1.0, released 9 months ago) cucumber-wire 0.0.1: released over 3 years ago (latest version, 1.0.0, released 7 months ago) cucumber-core 1.5.0: released almost 3 years ago (latest version, 4.0.0, released 7 months ago) cucumber 2.4.0: released almost 3 years ago (latest version, 3.1.2, released 10 months ago) arel 6.0.4: released over 2 years ago (latest version, 9.0.0, released over 1 year ago) ... ... ... 35 of the 143 gems are out-of-date (24%)

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade 77 $ bundle_report compatibility --rails-version=6.0.0.rc1 => Incompatible with Rails 6.0.0.rc1 (with new versions that ar compatible): These gems will need to be upgraded before upgrading to Rails 6.0.0.rc1. rails-controller-testing 1.0.2 - upgrade to 1.0.4 responders 2.4.0 - upgrade to 2.4.1 2 gems incompatible with Rails 6.0.0.rc1 (this is for an app running Rails 5.1.4)

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade 78 $ next --init Created Gemfile.next (a symlink to your Gemfile). Your Gemfile has been modified to support dual-booting! There's just one more step: modify your Gemfile to use a newer version of Rails using the `next?` helper method. For example, here's how to go from 5.2.3 to 6.0: if next? gem "rails", "6.0.0" else gem "rails", "5.2.3" end

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade 79 # Gemfile def next? File.basename(__FILE__) == "Gemfile.next" end source 'https://rubygems.org' gem 'rails', '~> 5.1.4’

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade 80 # Gemfile if next? gem 'rails', '~> 5.2.3' else gem 'rails', '~> 5.1.4' end

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade 81 $ next bundle install

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade 82 $ BUNDLE_GEMFILE=Gemfile.next \ bundle install

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Incompatibilities 83

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade 84 $ BUNDLE_GEMFILE=Gemfile.next \ bundle install Bundler could not find compatible versions for gem "activesupport": In snapshot (Gemfile.lock): activesupport (= 4.2.1) In Gemfile: activeadmin was resolved to 1.0.0.pre4, which depends on arbre (>= 1.0.2, ~> 1.0) was resolved to 1.1.1, which depends on activesupport (>= 3.0.0) activeadmin was resolved to 1.0.0.pre4, which depends on inherited_resources (~> 1.6) was resolved to 1.7.0, which depends on .

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Try to ﬁx incompatibilities 85

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade #DownTheRabbitHole

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade You might have to remove dependencies, create user stories, and move on 87

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade 88 Exercise #4: next bundle install Time: 15 minutes https://fastruby.io/upgrade#6

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Dual Boot: Test Suite

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Assuming you can now next bundle install successfully... 90

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade 91 # On Rails > 4.2 $ next bundle exec rake app:update

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade 92 # On Rails <= 4.2 $ next bundle exec rake rails:update

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade 93 $ next bundle exec rake

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Failures 94

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade 95 $ BUNDLE_GEMFILE=Gemfile.next \ bundle exec rake rake aborted! Bundler::GemRequireError: There was an error while trying to load the gem 'test_after_commit'. Gem Load Error is: after_commit testing is baked into rails 5, you no longer need test_after_commit gem Backtrace for gem load error is: /Users/etagwerker/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.5@petitions/gems/ test_after_commit-1.1.0/lib/test_after_commit.rb:4:in `' /Users/etagwerker/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.4.5/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.4.0/ bundler/runtime.rb:81:in `require' /Users/etagwerker/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.4.5/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.4.0/ bundler/runtime.rb:81:in `block (2 levels) in require' /Users/etagwerker/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.4.5/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.4.0/ bundler/runtime.rb:76:in `each'

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade 96 # Gemfile group :test do gem 'nokogiri' gem 'shoulda-matchers' gem ‘pickle' unless next? gem ‘test_after_commit' end end

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade 97 $ BUNDLE_GEMFILE=Gemfile.next \ bundle exec rake NoMethodError: undefined method `hide_action' for Delayed::Web::ApplicationController:Class # ./config/initializers/delayed_web.rb:10:in `block in ' # ./config/initializers/delayed_web.rb:7:in `class_eval' # ./config/initializers/delayed_web.rb:7:in `' # /Users/etagwerker/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.5@petitions/gems/ activesupport-5.0.7.2/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:287:in `load' # /Users/etagwerker/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.5@petitions/gems/ activesupport-5.0.7.2/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:287:in `block in load' # /Users/etagwerker/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.4.5@petitions/gems/ activesupport-5.0.7.2/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:259:in `load_dependency'

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade 98 # config/initializers/delayed_web.rb Delayed::Web::ApplicationController.class_eval do include Authentication, FlashI18n hide_action :admin_request? def admin_request? true end protected def admin_login_url main_app.admin_login_url end end

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade 99 # config/initializers/delayed_web.rb Delayed::Web::ApplicationController.class_eval do include Authentication, FlashI18n protected def admin_request? true end def admin_login_url main_app.admin_login_url end end

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Deprecation Warnings 100

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade 101 $ BUNDLE_GEMFILE=Gemfile.next bundle exec rake DEPRECATION WARNING: The success? predicate is deprecated and will be removed in Rails 6.0. Please use successful? as provided by Rack::Response::Helpers. (called from block (3 levels) in at /Users/etagwerker/Projects/ ombulabs/fastruby.io/spec/controllers/ contacts_controller_spec.rb:20) .DEPRECATION WARNING: The success? predicate is deprecated and will be removed in Rails 6.0. Please use successful? as provided by Rack::Response::Helpers. (called from block (4 levels) in at /Users/etagwerker/Projects/ ombulabs/fastruby.io/spec/controllers/ contacts_controller_spec.rb:32) ..DEPRECATION WARNING: The success? predicate is deprecated and will be removed in Rails 6.0. Please use successful? as provided by Rack::Response::Helpers. (called from block (4 levels) in at /Users/etagwerker/Projects/ ombulabs/fastruby.io/spec/controllers/ contacts_controller_spec.rb:52) ..........

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Find References To Deprecated API

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade https://edgeguides.rubyonrails.org/ upgrading_ruby_on_rails.html Ofﬁcial Guides

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Unofﬁcial Guides 104 1.https://fastruby.io/blog/rails/upgrades/upgrade-to-rails-3.html 2.https://fastruby.io/blog/rails/upgrades/upgrade-to-rails-3-1.html 3.https://fastruby.io/blog/rails/upgrades/upgrade-to-rails-3-2.html 4.https://fastruby.io/blog/rails/upgrades/upgrade-rails-from-3-2-to-4-0.html 5.https://fastruby.io/blog/rails/upgrades/upgrade-rails-from-4-0-to-4-1.html 6.https://fastruby.io/blog/rails/upgrades/upgrade-rails-from-4-1-to-4-2.html 7.https://fastruby.io/blog/rails/upgrades/active-record-5-1-api-changes.html 8.https://fastruby.io/blog/rails/upgrades/upgrade-rails-from-4-2-to-5-0.html 9.https://fastruby.io/blog/rails/upgrades/upgrade-rails-from-5-0-to-5-1.html 10.https://fastruby.io/blog/rails/upgrades/upgrade-rails-from-5-1-to-5-2.html 11.https://fastruby.io/blog/rails/upgrades/upgrade-rails-from-5-2-to-6-0.html

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade http://railsdiff.org/ RailsDiff

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Find In Project 106

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade 107 Exercise #5: next bundle exec rake Time: 15 minutes https://fastruby.io/upgrade#7

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade What happened? 108

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade How To Stay Current How To Stay Current

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Treat new deprecation warnings as exceptions 110

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade # config/environments/test.rb Rails.application.configure do # ... # Raise on deprecation notices config.active_support.deprecation = :raise # ... end 111

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Add bundler-audit to your default rake task 112

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade # Rakefile # ... task default: %i[ bundle:audit brakeman:check spec spec:javascripts cucumber ] 113

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade namespace :bundle do desc "Audit bundle for any known vulnerabilities" task :audit do unless system "bundle-audit check --update" exit 1 end end end 114

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Keep up with the upcoming releases 115

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade 116 # Gemfile source 'https://rubygems.org' git_source(:github) do |repo_name| repo_name = "#{repo_name}/#{repo_name}" unless repo_name.include?("/") "https://github.com/#{repo_name}.git" end if next? gem 'rails', github: 'rails/rails' else gem 'rails', '~> 6.0.0.rc1' end

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade 117 Exercise #6: Set Up to Stay Current Time: 5 minutes https://fastruby.io/upgrade#8

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade @etagwerker #RailsUpgrades fastruby.io Feedback is welcome

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade 119 Thank You!

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@etagwerker | #RailsUpgrades | https://fastruby.io/upgrade Resources 120 1.https://github.com/clio/ten_years_rails 2.https://github.com/alphagov/e-petitions 3.https://github.com/rubyperu/ready4rails 4.https://edgeguides.rubyonrails.org/upgrading_ruby_on_rails.html#the-upgrade-process 5.https://fastruby.io/blog/tags/upgrades 6.https://semver.org 7.https://github.com/Shopify/bootboot 8.https://github.com/fastruby/rails_upgrader 9.http://railsdiff.org 10.https://github.com/hintmedia/moderate_parameters 11.https://edgeguides.rubyonrails.org/upgrading_ruby_on_rails.html#the-update-task