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@brucel
§
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@brucel
PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor
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@brucel
Benoit B. Mandelbrot
Image Steve Jurvetson
https://www.flickr.com/photos/jurvetson/4770047266/
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@brucel
title>PHP Test
Hello’ .$txt. ‘'; ?>
Hello Hannah
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@brucel
Since its first publication in 1970 The
Technique of Furniture Making has
established itself as the bible for all
woodworkers.
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Introduction
Any textbook concerned with the techniques of furniture-
making must deal primarily with the basic handcrafts for
it is upon this groundwork that machine production is built,
and in fact all the machine can ever do is to translate
the essential hand operations into rotary movements of
the cutting tool.
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To those pundits, therefore, who may claim that the teaching
of hand skills is no longer relevant in this day and age it can
be pointed out that anyone who has only been shown how to
force a piece of wood against a mechanised saw will have
learnt very little, but if he has had to saw that piece of
wood by hand he will be more likely to know that much
more about it, he will have greater respect for it and will
understand in greater depth the problems that will have to
be faced in its manipulation.
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@brucel
Additional to this need for all machine
operators to know their material and how
best it can be shaped are questions of
quality, not only in the artefact, but also of
the artificer himself.
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@brucel
職⼈人気質
The Japanese word shokunin is defined by both
Japanese and Japanese-English dictionaries as
‘craftsman’ or ‘artisan,’ but such a literal
description does not fully express the deeper
meaning.
Tashio Odate - “Japanese Woodworking Tools: Their Tradition, Spirit and Use”
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職⼈人気質
Shokunin means not only having technical skill, but
also implies an attitude and social
consciousness... a social obligation to work his
best for the general welfare of the people, [an]
obligation both material and spiritual.
Tashio Odate - “Japanese Woodworking Tools: Their Tradition, Spirit and Use”
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@brucel
• Picture of TBL “web developer”
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Seren
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@brucel
http://info.cern.ch/hypertext/WWW/TheProject.html
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@brucel
We broke it
• fixed width
• bad contrast, fonts, colours
• pixel-perfect layout
• lack of captions for videos
• lack of keyboard accessibility
• removing focus indicator
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The Raw Materials
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b
• web comping
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Top four
1. Have a fundamental understanding of JavaScript
“Of course you can’t do full-stack JavaScript development (or
full-stack any web development for that matter), without
learning JavaScript itself.”
2. Front-End framework
3. Bootstrap 4
4. HTML/CSS
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@brucel
As for HTML, there’s not much to learn right away
and you can kind of learn as you go, but before
making your first templates, know the difference
between in-line elements like and how they
differ from block ones like
. This will save you a
huge amount of headache when fiddling with your
CSS code.
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www.thecagecage.com
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HTML is declarative
Click Me!
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HTML is fault-tolerant
OMG you’re having a seizure
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Silly HTML3
Ground dweller: Nicodamus
bicolor builds silk snares
A small hairy spider light fleshy red in color with a brown abdomen. J. A. L. Cooke/OSF
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@brucel
Clever HTML3
Ground dweller: Nicodamus bicolor
builds silk snares
Ground dweller: Nicodamus bicolor
builds silk snares
A small hairy spider light fleshy red in color with a brown abdomen. J. A. L. Cooke/OSF
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Clever me
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HTML is interoperable.
I’m badly nested
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Ninja by Efe Palavan
from the Noun Project
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CSS is fault tolerant
button {color: black;
background: white;
background-image: linear-gradient (...);
background-image: paint ( ... );
}
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JavaScript is NOT declarative
In much the same way that the imperative mood in natural
languages expresses commands, an imperative program
consists of commands for the computer to perform.
Imperative programming focuses on describing how a
program operates.
The term is often used in contrast to declarative
programming, which focuses on what the program should
accomplish without specifying how the program should
achieve the result.
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JavaScript is NOT fault-tolerant
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Principle of Least Power
The choice of language is a common design choice.
The low power end of the scale is typically simpler to
design, implement and use, but the high power end of
the scale has all the attraction of being an open-ended
hook into which anything can be placed: a door to
uses bounded only by the imagination of the
programmer.
Sir Uncle Timbo https://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/Principles.html#PLP
“
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https://kryogenix.org/code/browser/everyonehasjs.html
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Oooh demo
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Wooooh code
blah blah blah
blah blah blah
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@brucel
Click me (if you can!)
• Remember to set ARIA role (in HTML or JS)
• Remember to manage focusability
• Remember to listen for the correct keypresses
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Screen reader users
http://webaim.org/projects/screenreadersurvey5/ - used by kind permission
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• Leonie vid clip
https://www.smashingmagazine.com/2019/02/accessibility-webinar/
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“Structured data”
For many years we have been recommending the use of
structured data on websites to enable a richer search
experience. When you add markup to your content, you
help search engines understand the different components
of a page. When Google's systems understand your page
more clearly, Google Search can surface content through the
cool features discussed in this post, which can enhance the
user experience and get you more traffic.
https://webmasters.googleblog.com/2019/04/enriching-search-results-structured-data.html
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Reading List
SOME STUFF
Posted in accessibility web standards, reading list . Edit. Leave a commentSlide 61
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Accessibility is part of Usability
“high conformance with web
accessibility guidelines may
provide benefits to users
without disabilities.”
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Schmutza, Sondereggera and Sauera
• Sixty-one participants without disabilities used one of three
websites differing in levels of accessibility
• A high level of web accessibility led to better performance (i.e.,
task completion time and task completion rate) than low or very
low accessibility.
• Likewise, high web accessibility improved user ratings (i.e.,
perceived usability, aesthetics, workload and trustworthiness)
compared to low or very low web accessibility.
Department of Psychology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
www.unifr.ch/psycho/assets/files/KogErg/SchmutzSondereggerSauer2016.pdf
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@brucel
Sir Uncle Timbo:
The web is for everyone and collectively we
hold the power to change it. It won’t be easy.
But if we dream a little and work a lot, we
can get the web we want.
https://webfoundation.org/2019/03/web-birthday-30/
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@brucel
What can you do?
• Learn the semantics of HTML. There are 125(ish) elements,
that’s all!
• Think about (but don’t stress about) accessibility
• Use HTML (and CSS) wherever possible.
• Make sites that work without JavaScript, then enhance
with JS.
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@brucel
https://twitter.com/goodwitch/status/1106231135443410944
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“Developer Experience” Bait-and-Switch
We cannot continue to use as much JavaScript as is
now “normal” and expect the web to flourish.
To get this fixed, we need to confront the “developer
experience” bait-and-switch. Tools that cost the
poorest users to pay wealthy developers are bunk.
Alex Russell https://infrequently.org/2018/09/the-developer-experience-bait-and-switch/
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Rise of The Smartphones
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Smartphones
▪ overwhelmingly Android
▪ low cost, low spec
▪ very little RAM, very limited storage
▪ dual SIM
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500MB data: hours worked
https://360.here.com/2015/06/03/offline-navigation-really-matters-500mb-data-costs-week-wages/
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How To Make Internet Affordable
Even with more phones than ever before, the cost of
Internet is a major obstacle. In Nigeria, the data
needed to watch just 2 minutes of online video a
day can cost more than sending a child to school
for a month.
https://webwewant.org/news/how-to-make-internet-affordable/
“
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The Baseline Costs of JavaScript Frameworks
Your React application will never load faster than about 1.1
seconds on an average phone in India, no matter how much
you optimize it. Your Angular app will always take at least
2.7 seconds to boot up.
Ankur Sethi, Nov 2018
https://blog.uncommon.is/the-baseline-costs-of-javascript-frameworks-f768e2865d4a
“
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ICT access by population
Total
global population
~7.4 billion
High-speed
internet
1.1 billion
Total
internet users
3.2 billion
Mobile phones
5.2 billion
Within
mobile coverage
7 billion
World Bank: Digital Dividends 2016
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The world’s offline population
Total
internet users
3.2 billion
High-speed
internet
1.1 billion
India
1.063 billion
Countries
outside of
the top 20
China
755 million
Indonesia
213 million
Pakistan
165 million
Bangladesh
148 million
Nigeria
111 million
Brazil
98 million
Ethiopia
95 million
Mexico
70 million
Congo, Dem. Rep.
68 million
Philippines
63 million
Russian Federation
55 million
Iran, Islamic Rep.
54 million
Myanmar
53 million
Vietnam
52 million
United States
51 million
Tanzania
49 million
Thailand
48 million
Egypt, Arab Rep.
42 million
Turkey
41 million
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Making the internet universally accessible
and affordable should be a global priority.
“
World Bank
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Developing countries are home to 94% of the
global offline population.
“
- State of Connectivity 2014, internet.org
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Courtesy of Hesperian
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If you want to liberate a country, give them
the internet.
“
- Wael Ghonim, Egyptian internet activist
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an increase in Internet maturity similar to the
one experienced in mature countries over the
past 5 years creates an increase in real GDP
per capita of $500 on average during this
period.
“
Internet matters
- The Net’s sweeping impact on growth, jobs, and prosperity (McKinsey Global Institute)
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It took the Industrial Revolution of the 19th
century 50 years to produce the same result.
“
Internet matters
- The Net’s sweeping impact on growth, jobs, and prosperity (McKinsey Global Institute)
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@brucel
• [image of a crowd of people - terrible stock
photo?]
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SNOGZ!
brucelawson.co.uk
@brucel
* Other Bruce Lawsons are available.
** known to cause nausea in some jurisdictions.