The Evolution of Enterprise Java with Jakarta EE 11 and Beyond

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The Evolution of Enterprise Java with Jakarta EE 11 and Beyond Ivar Grimstad  Jakarta EE Developer Advocate Eclipse Foundation

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https://github.com/ivargrimstad https://www.linkedin.com/in/ivargrimstad @ivar_grimstad@mastadon.social ivargrimstad_of fi cial @ivar_grimstad https://www.threads.net/@ivargrimstad_of fi cial @ivargrimstad.bsky.social

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COPYRIGHT (C) 2022, ECLIPSE FOUNDATION, INC. | THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION 4.0 INTERNATIONAL LICENSE (CC BY 4.0) COPYRIGHT (C) 2025, ECLIPSE FOUNDATION, INC. | THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION 4.0 INTERNATIONAL LICENSE (CC BY 4.0) Past

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1995 1999

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Hello The following slide contains some disturbing content that may not be suitable for all audiences. Viewer discretion is advised.

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SessionBean Hello EnterpriseBean Serializable Remote EJBObject HelloRemote HelloObject EBJHome HelloHome EBJLocalHome HelloLocalHome EJBLocalObject HelloLocal HelloHomeObject HelloLocal Home Object HelloLocalObject

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… … EAR ejb-jar XML XML

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2004 1995 1999

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Hello

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Hello XML XML XML WAR

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2004 1995 1999 2006 JSR 330 2009

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public class Hello { public String say( { return “Happy Birthday, Duke!”; } }

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@Stateless public class Hello { public String say( { return “Happy Birthday, Duke!”; } }

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Hello

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Hello WAR/JAR

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2004 2024/5 1995 1999 2006 2017 2020 javax.* -> jakarta.* 2014 JSR 330 2009

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COPYRIGHT (C) 2025, ECLIPSE FOUNDATION, INC. | THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION 4.0 INTERNATIONAL LICENSE (CC BY 4.0) 2022 2024/5 2020 javax.* -> jakarta.* Jakarta EE Core Pro fi le Java 21 Embrace Records Jakarta Data CDI Centric Removals and Deprecations

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COPYRIGHT (C) 2025, ECLIPSE FOUNDATION, INC. | THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION 4.0 INTERNATIONAL LICENSE (CC BY 4.0) Speci fi cation Document API TCK Final Speci fi cation Compatible Implementation(s) Speci fi

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RESTful Web Services 4.0 JSON Processing 2.1 JSON Binding 3.0 Annotations 3.0 CDI Lite 4.1 Interceptors 2.2 Dependency Injection 2.0 Servlet 6.1 Pages 4.0 Expression Language 6.0 Debugging Support 2.0 Standard Tag Libraries 3.0 Faces 4.1 WebSocket 2.2 Enterprise Beans Lite 4.0 Persistence 3.2 Transactions 2.0 CDI 4.1 Authentication 3.1 Concurrency 3.1 Security 4.0 Validation 3.1 Data 1.0 Authorization 3.0 Activation 2.1 Batch 2.1 Connectors 2.1 Mail 2.1 Messaging 3.1 Enterprise Beans 4.0 Jakarta EE 11 Platform Jakarta EE 11 Web Pro fi Updated Not Updated New

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Jakarta EE 11 Web Pro fi le RESTful Web Services 4.0 JSON Processing 2.1 JSON Binding 3.0 Annotations 3.0 CDI Lite 4.1 Interceptors 2.2 Dependency Injection 2.0 Servlet 6.1 Pages 4.0 Expression Language 6.0 Debugging Support 2.0 Standard Tag Libraries 3.0 Faces 4.1 WebSocket 2.2 Enterprise Beans Lite 4.0 Persistence 3.2 Transactions 2.0 CDI 4.1 Authentication 3.1 Concurrency 3.1 Security 4.0 Validation 3.1 Data 1.0 Jakarta EE 11 Core Pro fi Updated Not Updated New

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Jakarta EE 11 Core Pro fi le Updated Not Updated New RESTful Web Services 4.0 JSON Processing 2.1 JSON Binding 3.0 Annotations 3.0 CDI Lite 4.1 Interceptors 2.2 Dependency Injection 2.0

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Jakarta EE 11 API source level: Java SE 17 API binary level: Java SE 17 TCK run with: Java SE 17+21 App Developers (YOU) can use Java SE 21 features if you like !!

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COPYRIGHT (C) 2025, ECLIPSE FOUNDATION, INC. | THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION 4.0 INTERNATIONAL LICENSE (CC BY 4.0) March, 2024 Milestone 2 April, 2024 Milestone 3 May, 2024 Milestone 4 December, 2023 Milestone 1

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COPYRIGHT (C) 2025, ECLIPSE FOUNDATION, INC. | THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION 4.0 INTERNATIONAL LICENSE (CC BY 4.0) May, 2024 Milestone 4 • Feature complete • All API jars released • For each API at least one compatible implementation (e.g. Hibernate, Mojarra) • Each compatible implementation passed standalone TCK jakarta.platform jakarta.jakartaee-api 11.0.0-M4 provided

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COPYRIGHT (C) 2025, ECLIPSE FOUNDATION, INC. | THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION 4.0 INTERNATIONAL LICENSE (CC BY 4.0) Q4, 2024 (Core Pro fi le) Q1, 2025 (Web Pro fi le) Q2, 2025 (Platform) ( )

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COPYRIGHT (C) 2025, ECLIPSE FOUNDATION, INC. | THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION 4.0 INTERNATIONAL LICENSE (CC BY 4.0) Optional Features Jakarta EE Platform Jakarta EE Web Pro fi le Jakarta EE Core Pro fi le Jakarta XML Binding 4.0 Jakarta SOAP with Attachments 4.0 Jakarta XML Web Service 4.0 CORBA

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COPYRIGHT (C) 2025, ECLIPSE FOUNDATION, INC. | THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION 4.0 INTERNATIONAL LICENSE (CC BY 4.0) Removed SecurityManager JEP 411: Deprecate the Security Manager for Removal

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Authorization 3.0 Activation 2.1 Batch 2.1 Connectors 2.1 Mail 2.1 Messaging 3.1 Enterprise Beans 4.0 RESTful Web Services 4.0 JSON Processing 2.1 JSON Binding 3.0 Annotations 3.0 CDI Lite 4.1 Interceptors 2.2 Dependency Injection 2.0 Servlet 6.1 Pages 4.0 Expression Language 6.0 Debugging Support 2.0 Standard Tag Libraries 3.0 Faces 4.1 WebSocket 2.2 Enterprise Beans Lite 4.0 Persistence 3.2 Transactions 2.0 CDI 4.1 Authentication 3.1 Concurrency 3.1 Security 4.0 Validation 3.1 Jakarta EE 11 Platform Updated Not Updated New Data 1.0

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COPYRIGHT (C) 2025, ECLIPSE FOUNDATION, INC. | THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION 4.0 INTERNATIONAL LICENSE (CC BY 4.0) • Basic API (handler) for Multiple authentication mechanisms • Quali fi ers for build-in authentication mechanisms • In-memory identity store • Remove SecurityManager references Jakarta Security 4.0

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COPYRIGHT (C) 2025, ECLIPSE FOUNDATION, INC. | THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION 4.0 INTERNATIONAL LICENSE (CC BY 4.0) Multiple Authentication Mechanisms Authentication Handler Form Authentication Mechanism JWT Authentication Mechanism /ui/* /service/*

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COPYRIGHT (C) 2025, ECLIPSE FOUNDATION, INC. | THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION 4.0 INTERNATIONAL LICENSE (CC BY 4.0) Jakarta Security MicroPro fi le JWT Bridge MicroPro fi le JWT JWT Bridge

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COPYRIGHT (C) 2025, ECLIPSE FOUNDATION, INC. | THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION 4.0 INTERNATIONAL LICENSE (CC BY 4.0) @InMemoryIdentityStoreDefinition({ @Credentials(callerName = "peter", password = "secret1", groups = { "foo", "bar" }), @Credentials(callerName = "john", password = “secret2", groups = { "foo", "kaz" }) }) InMemory IdentityStore

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COPYRIGHT (C) 2025, ECLIPSE FOUNDATION, INC. | THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION 4.0 INTERNATIONAL LICENSE (CC BY 4.0) public boolean implies(Permission permission, Subject subject) { // add custom policy programmatically if (permission instanceof RoleRefPermission role) { if (role().equals(“foo”) && !isWorkingHours()) { return false; } } return originalPolicy.implies(permission, subject); } @RolesAllowed(“foo”) Jakarta Security 4.0

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COPYRIGHT (C) 2025, ECLIPSE FOUNDATION, INC. | THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION 4.0 INTERNATIONAL LICENSE (CC BY 4.0) Jakarta Security https://jakarta.ee/speci fi cations/authentication/3.1/ https://jakarta.ee/speci fi cations/authorization/3.0/ https://jakarta.ee/speci fi cations/security/4.0/

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COPYRIGHT (C) 2025, ECLIPSE FOUNDATION, INC. | THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION 4.0 INTERNATIONAL LICENSE (CC BY 4.0) • Virtual thread support • CDI based @Schedule using @Asynchronous • Concurrency services injectable via CDI with quali fi ers • Support for java.util.concurrent.Flow in ContextService

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COPYRIGHT (C) 2025, ECLIPSE FOUNDATION, INC. | THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION 4.0 INTERNATIONAL LICENSE (CC BY 4.0) ManagedExecutorService ManagedScheduledExecutorService ContextService ManagedThreadFactory

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COPYRIGHT (C) 2025, ECLIPSE FOUNDATION, INC. | THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION 4.0 INTERNATIONAL LICENSE (CC BY 4.0) Jakarta EE 11 API source level: Java SE 17 API binary level: Java SE 17 TCK run with: Java SE 17+21 ?

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@ManagedThreadFactoryDefinition( name = “java:app/concurrent/myFactory”, virtual = true )

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COPYRIGHT (C) 2025, ECLIPSE FOUNDATION, INC. | THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION 4.0 INTERNATIONAL LICENSE (CC BY 4.0) Concurrency API Java 17 Platform Thread virtual = “true” Java SE Runtime Aware Support for Virtual Threads Java 21 Virtual Thread

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COPYRIGHT (C) 2025, ECLIPSE FOUNDATION, INC. | THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION 4.0 INTERNATIONAL LICENSE (CC BY 4.0) Jakarta Concurrency 3.1 https://jakarta.ee/speci fi cations/concurrency/3.1/

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COPYRIGHT (C) 2025, ECLIPSE FOUNDATION, INC. | THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION 4.0 INTERNATIONAL LICENSE (CC BY 4.0) Support Records and Sealed Types Deprecate Expression Language SPI @Priority on producers

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COPYRIGHT (C) 2025, ECLIPSE FOUNDATION, INC. | THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION 4.0 INTERNATIONAL LICENSE (CC BY 4.0) Jakarta Contexts and Dependency Injection 4.1 https://jakarta.ee/speci fi cations/cdi/4.1/

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COPYRIGHT (C) 2025, ECLIPSE FOUNDATION, INC. | THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION 4.0 INTERNATIONAL LICENSE (CC BY 4.0) @PersistenceContext EntityManger em; @Inject EntityManger em;

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COPYRIGHT (C) 2025, ECLIPSE FOUNDATION, INC. | THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION 4.0 INTERNATIONAL LICENSE (CC BY 4.0) Deprecate Calendar, Date, Time, Timestamp, Temporal, MapKeyTemporal, TemporalType Replace with java.time API Java Con fi guration as alternative to persistence.xml via the PersistenceConfiguration Class Lots of New Convenience methods for Criteria Language

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COPYRIGHT (C) 2025, ECLIPSE FOUNDATION, INC. | THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION 4.0 INTERNATIONAL LICENSE (CC BY 4.0) Jakarta Persistence 3.2 https://jakarta.ee/speci fi cations/persistence/3.2/

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COPYRIGHT (C) 2025, ECLIPSE FOUNDATION, INC. | THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION 4.0 INTERNATIONAL LICENSE (CC BY 4.0) Jakarta Validation 3.1 https://jakarta.ee/speci fi cations/bean-validation/3.1/

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COPYRIGHT (C) 2025, ECLIPSE FOUNDATION, INC. | THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION 4.0 INTERNATIONAL LICENSE (CC BY 4.0) • Remove Jakarta XML Binding dependency • Remove ManagedBean support • Mentally prepare to deprecate native component model

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COPYRIGHT (C) 2025, ECLIPSE FOUNDATION, INC. | THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION 4.0 INTERNATIONAL LICENSE (CC BY 4.0) • Convenience method for checking header value lists • Add getMatchedResourceTemplate method to UriInfo • Add JSON Merge Patch constant

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COPYRIGHT (C) 2025, ECLIPSE FOUNDATION, INC. | THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION 4.0 INTERNATIONAL LICENSE (CC BY 4.0) Jakarta RESTful Web Services 4.0 https://jakarta.ee/speci fi cations/restful-ws/4.0/

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COPYRIGHT (C) 2025, ECLIPSE FOUNDATION, INC. | THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION 4.0 INTERNATIONAL LICENSE (CC BY 4.0) Jakarta Annotations 3.0 https://jakarta.ee/speci fi cations/annotations/3.0/

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COPYRIGHT (C) 2025, ECLIPSE FOUNDATION, INC. | THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION 4.0 INTERNATIONAL LICENSE (CC BY 4.0) Jakarta Data 1.0 Standardizes the repository pattern for data access https://jakarta.ee/speci fi cations/data/1.0/ NEW in Jakarta EE 11

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@Repository public interface GreetingRepository extends CrudRepository { Optional findByName(String name); } import jakarta.data.repository.CrudRepository; import jakarta.data.repository.Repository;

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COPYRIGHT (C) 2025, ECLIPSE FOUNDATION, INC. | THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION 4.0 INTERNATIONAL LICENSE (CC BY 4.0) Jakarta Data Query Language (JDQL) https://github.com/jakartaee/data/blob/main/spec/src/antlr/JDQL.g4

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@Query("where title like :title") List booksByType(String title);

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2026 2024/5 2020 Java 21 Embrace Records Jakarta Data CDI Centric Removals and Deprecations Jakarta EE Core Pro fi le 2022 COPYRIGHT (C) 2025, ECLIPSE FOUNDATION, INC. | THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION 4.0 INTERNATIONAL LICENSE (CC BY 4.0) 12 javax.* -> jakarta.*

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Jakarta EE 12 API source level: Java SE 21 API binary level: Java SE 21 TCK run with: Java SE 21+25 App Developers (YOU) can use Java SE 25 features if you like !!

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COPYRIGHT (C) 2025, ECLIPSE FOUNDATION, INC. | THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION 4.0 INTERNATIONAL LICENSE (CC BY 4.0) Jakarta Data 1.1 Standardizes the repository pattern for data access https://jakarta.ee/speci fi cations/data/1.1/ UPDATED in Jakarta EE 12

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COPYRIGHT (C) 2025, ECLIPSE FOUNDATION, INC. | THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION 4.0 INTERNATIONAL LICENSE (CC BY 4.0) Jakarta NoSQL Standardizes integration with NoSQL databases https://jakarta.ee/speci fi cations/nosql/ Candidate

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COPYRIGHT (C) 2025, ECLIPSE FOUNDATION, INC. | THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION 4.0 INTERNATIONAL LICENSE (CC BY 4.0) Jakarta MVC Standardizes the action-based model-view-controller pattern https://jakarta.ee/speci fi cations/mvc/ Candidate

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@Controller @View(“hello.jsp”) public void hello() model.put(“Hello Duke!”); }

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@Stateless public class Hello { public String say( { return “Happy Birthday, Duke!”; } }

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@Service public class Hello { public String say( { return “Happy Birthday, Duke!”; } } CDI Stereotype @ApplicationScoped @Transactional @Lock(READ_WRITE) @MaxConcurrency(10) @Monitored @Stereotype @Target(TYPE) @Retention(RUNTIME) public @interface Service{}

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Eclipse Transformer Apache Tomcat Migration Tool b.com/eclipse/transformerhttps://tomcat.apache.org/download-migration.cgi

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Jakarta EE 10 Platform Updated Not Updated New Authorization 2.1 Activation 2.1 Batch 2.1 Connectors 2.1 Mail 2.1 Messaging 3.1 Enterprise Beans 4.0 RESTful Web Services 3.1 JSON Processing 2.1 JSON Binding 3.0 Annotations 2.1 CDI Lite 4.0 Interceptors 2.1 Dependency Injection 2.0 Servlet 6.0 Server Pages 3.1 Expression Language 5.0 Debugging Support 2.0 Standard Tag Libraries 3.0 Faces 4.0 WebSocket 2.1 Enterprise Beans Lite 4.0 Persistence 3.1 Transactions 2.0 Managed Beans 2.0 CDI 4.0 Authentication 3.0 Concurrency 3.0 Security 3.0 Bean Validation 3.0

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COPYRIGHT (C) 2025, ECLIPSE FOUNDATION, INC. | THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION 4.0 INTERNATIONAL LICENSE (CC BY 4.0) 2022 2024/5 2020 Java 21 Embrace Records Jakarta Data CDI Centric Removals and Deprecations javax.* -> jakarta.* Jakarta EE Core Pro fi le

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Q4, 2024 (Core Pro fi le) Q1, 2025 (Web Pro fi le) Q2, 2025 (Platform) ( )

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Jakarta EE 11 API source level: Java SE 17 API binary level: Java SE 17 TCK run with: Java SE 17+21 App Developers (YOU) can use Java SE 21 features if you like !!

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Jakarta EE Overview Course available on

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Jakarta EE https://jakarta.ee Get Started  https://start.jakarta.ee Ivar’s Hashtag Jakarta EE https://www.agilejava.eu/category/jakarta-ee/ Demo Code https://github.com/ivargrimstad/dukes-data  https://github.com/ivargrimstad/virtual-duke https://jakarta.ee/community/developer-advocate