Good interface: Command pattern as an example

by Masafumi Okura

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ྑ͍ΠϯλʔϑΣΠεͷ୳ٻ ίϚϯυύλʔϯΛྫʹ େ૔խ࢙ʢ@okuramasafumiʣ ໊ݹ԰Rubyձٞ04―େਢԋܳ৔ 2019-06-08ʢ౔ʣ

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ࠓ೔ͷൃද͸࿩୊͕͋ͪͪ͜ʹ ભҠ͍͖ͯ͠·͢ɻ མޠͩͱࢥָͬͯ͠Έͳ͕Β ͓͔͚͖͍ͬͯͯͩ͘͞!

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pp self • ໊લɿ΂͢ͱ௾·͞;Έʢେ૔խ࢙ʣ • ॴଐɿϑϦʔϥϯε • ׆ಈ৔ॴɿ౦ژ • ޷͖ͳgemɿPry, RSpec • ӡӦͯ͠ΔίϛϡχςΟɿGrow.rb

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໊ݹ԰Rubyձٞ

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໊ݹ԰Rubyձٞ

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զʑ͸ͳͥRubyΛ࢖͏ͷ͔

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Rubyͷ࿩

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զʑ͸ͳͥRubyΛ࢖͏ͷ͔ • ॻ͖΍͍͢ • ʮॻ͖΍͢͞ʯͬͯͳΜͩΖ͏ • ಡΈ΍͍͢ • ʮಡΈ΍͢͞ʯͬͯ(ry • Rails

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զʑ͕RubyΛ࢖͏ཧ༝

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ϓϩάϥϛϯάָ͕͍͠

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ͳͥRubyͰϓϩάϥϛϯάΛ͢Δͱ ָ͍͠ͷͩΖ͏͔ʁ

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https://www.atmarkit.co.jp/news/ 200907/24/ruby2.html

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yuguiɿ ͦΕ͸ɺίϨΫγϣϯ͕͋ͬͯγϟοϑϧ ͍ͨ͠ͱࢥͬͨΒɺshufﬂeͱॻ͍ͯɺͦΕ Ͱಈ͔ͳ͖Ό͍͚ͳ͍ΜͰ͢Αɻ

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ࢥͬͨͱ͓Γʹಈ͘ ʢৗʹಈ͘ͱ͸ݴ͍ͬͯͳ͍ʣ

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ͱ͜ΖͰɿ ͳΜͰ͜ͷ࿩Λ͍ͯ͠Δͷ͔

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ָ͘͠ϓϩάϥϛϯάͰ͖Δ ྖҬΛ޿͍͛ͨʂ

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ϥΠϒϥϦΛॻ͍ͯΈΑ͏ →ॻ͖·ͨ͠

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https://github.com/okuramasafumi/ neco

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150ߦͪΐ͍ͷϥΠϒϥϦ

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2ճ΄Ͳॻ͖௚͍ͯ͠Δ

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ΠϯλʔϑΣΠεʹೲಘ͕͍͔ͳ͔ͬͨ

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ΠϯλʔϑΣΠεʹ͍ͭͯ ͍Ζ͍Ζߟ͑ͨͷͰɺ ͦͷ੒ՌʢʁʣΛڞ༗͍ͨ͠

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ͦ΋ͦ΋ɿ ΠϯλʔϑΣΠεͬͯ ͳΜ͚ͩͬʁ

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Interface (MacOSͷࣙॻΑΓ) 1. a point where two systems, subjects, organizations, etc. meet and interact 2. Computing a device or program enabling a user to communicate with a computer

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ΠϯλʔϑΣΠε͸ ίϯϐϡʔλͱͷίϛϡχέʔγϣϯ ͷͱΓํΛܾఆ͢Δ΋ͷ

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ΠϯλʔϑΣΠεʹϝιου

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ΠϯλʔϑΣΠεʹϝιουγάχνϟ

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ʮࢥͬͨͱ͓Γʹಈ͘ʯ

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Ruby͸ ΠϯλʔϑΣΠεʢ㲓ϝιουγάχνϟʣ ͕ྑ͍͔Β࢖ΘΕ͍ͯΔ

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DSL

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ҎԼɺ ʮDSLʯ͸ʮݴޠ಺DSLʯΛࢦ͠·͢

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Domain Speciﬁc Language

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Ruby͕࢖ΘΕΔཧ༝ͷҰͭ

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RubyʹΑΔDSLͷ۩ମྫ • ActiveRecordʢRailsܥʣ • RakeʢϏϧυܥʣ • RSpecʢBDDʣ • Puppet΍ChefɺVagrantʢDevOpsܥʣ • HomebrewʢύοέʔδϚωʔδϟʣ

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ڞ௨఺

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DSL͸Կ͔Λఆ͍ٛͯ͠Δ

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RubyʹΑΔDSLͷ۩ମྫʢ࠶ܝʣ • ActiveRecordʢRailsܥʣ • RakeʢϏϧυܥʣ • RSpecʢBDDʣ • Puppet΍ChefɺVagrantʢDevOpsܥʣ • HomebrewʢύοέʔδϚωʔδϟʣ

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RubyʹΑΔDSLͷ۩ମྫʢఆٛྫ෇͖ʣ • ActiveRecordʢσʔλϞσϧͷఆٛʣ • RakeʢϏϧυϓϩηεͷఆٛʣ • RSpecʢ๬·ΕΔৼΔ෣͍ͷఆٛʣ • Puppet΍ChefɺVagrantʢ֤छΠϯϑϥϦιʔεͷఆٛʣ • Homebrewʢύοέʔδͷఆٛʣ

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ͱ͜ΖͰɿ DSL͸୯ͳΔΫϥεϝιου ʢͷ৔߹͕ଟ͍ʣ

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ͭ·Γɿ DSL΋·ͨΠϯλʔϑΣΠε

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͜͜·Ͱͷ·ͱΊ • ΠϯλʔϑΣΠε͕ྑ͍ͱָ͘͠ϓϩάϥϛϯάͰ͖Δ • ΠϯλʔϑΣΠεͱ͸͍͍ͩͨϝιουγάχνϟͷ͜ͱ • ֤ॴͰ࢖ΘΕ͍ͯΔDSL΋࣮͸ͨͩͷϝιου • DSL͸ʮఆٛʯʹڧ͍ • ΠϯλʔϑΣΠε͸ʮ७ਮͳϝιουʯͱDSLʹ෼͚ΒΕΔ

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https://rubykaigi.org/2019/ presentations/tanaka_akr.html

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ྑ͍ΠϯλʔϑΣΠεͬͯ ͳΜͩΖ͏ʁʁʁ

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⚠ ͜Ε͸͢΂ͯࢲͷ୯ͳΔҰҙݟͰ͢ Ͳ͔ͬͪͱ͍͏ͱ൓࿦͕΄͍͠… ࠙਌ձͰ͓࿩͠·͠ΐ͏

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ྑ͍ΠϯλʔϑΣΠεͷ̏ݪଇ • ໎Θͳ͍ • ґଘ͠ͳ͍ • ೚ͤ͗͢ͳ͍

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໎Θͳ͍ • ϝιου໊ʹࡾ୯ݱͷʮsʯ͸ඞཁ͚ͩͬʁ • ͋ͷΫϥε͸callͰݺͿΜ͚ͩͬɺperform͚ͩͬʁ • Πϯελϯεϝιου͚ͩͬɺΫϥεϝιου͚ͩͬʁ • Ҿ਺ͷॱং͸ʁ

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ґଘ͠ͳ͍ • ϝιουνΣʔϯΛલఏͱ͠ͳ͍ʢಛఆͷฦΓ஋ʹґଘ͠ͳ ͍ʣ • ςετ࣌ͷελϒ͕ߴʑҰͭͰࡁΉ

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೚ͤ͗͢ͳ͍ • ΤϯυϢʔβʔ͕ࣗྗͰͰ͖Δ͜ͱ͸΍Βͳ͍ • ୯७ͳόϦσʔγϣϯʹෳࡶͳDSL͸ຊ౰ʹඞཁ͔ʁ • ΤϯυϢʔβʔ͕ࣗྗͰ΍ΓͮΒ͍͜ͱΛ΍Δ • νΣʔϯͨ͠ϩʔϧόοΫॲཧ͸ࣗྗͰ͸೉͍͠ʢޙड़ʣ

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௨ৗͷϝιου͔DSL͔ɺ ͦΕ͕໰୊ͩ

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શ෦ϝιουͰ͍͍͡ΌΜɺ DSLͱ͔֮͑Δͷେมͩ͠ʂ Pure Ruby࠷ߴʂ

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ͱࢥͬͯͨ࣌ظ͕๻ʹ΋͋Γ·ͨ͠…

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ϝιουΠϯλʔϑΣΠεͷ௕ॴ • Ҿ਺΍selfͳͲ͕ࣗ໌ • ܧঝͨ͠ͱ͖ʹಈ࡞͕ཧղ͠΍͍͢ • ͦ͜ʹʮࠇຐज़ʯ͸ͳ͍

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ϝιουΠϯλʔϑΣΠεͷ୹ॴ • ॊೈͳڍಈΛఏڙ͢ΔࡍʹϢʔβʔ͕ॻ͘΂͖ϝιου͕൥ࡶ ʹͳΓ͕ͪ • ϥΠϒϥϦ͕ϑϩʔΛίϯτϩʔϧ͠Α͏ͱ͢Δࡍʹඞཁͳ ϑοΫΛࠩ͠ڬΉͷ͕೉͍͠ʢϢʔβʔʹଟ਺ͷϝιουΛఆ ٛͯ͠΋Β͏ඞཁ͕ग़ͯ͘Δʣ

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DSLͷ௕ॴ • ϒϩοΫҾ਺͸ϝιουҾ਺ΑΓॊೈ • ద੾ʹ໋໊͞Ε͍ͯΔ৔߹ɺՄಡੑ͕ߴ͍ • ϥΠϒϥϦ͕೚ҙͷॲཧΛϢʔβʔఆٛͷॲཧʹڬΈࠐΊΔ ʢϑοΫ΍ΩϟογϡͳͲʣ • ԿΛ͍ͨ͠ͷ͔ͷʮఆٛʯΛએݴతʹॻ͚Δ

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DSLͷ୹ॴ • ʮࠇຐज़ʯ͕ଟ͘ͳΓ͕ͪͷͰɺڍಈΛਖ਼֬ʹ೺Ѳ͢Δͷ͕ࠔ ೉ • ద੾ʹ໋໊͞Ε͍ͯͳ͍৔߹ɺՄಡੑ͕ஶ͘͠མͪΔέʔε͕ ͋Δ • ϝλϓϩάϥϛϯάΛར༻͢Δ৔߹ɺσόοά͕ࠔ೉ʹͳΔ

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ॊೈੑͷ఺ͰDSL͕༏Ґ

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͡Ό͋શ෦DSLΛ༻ҙ͠·͘Ε͹ ͦΕͰ͍͍ͷ͔ʂʁ

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ࠇຐज़͡Όͳ͍ͷͦΕʁ

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DSL͸ຐज़౓͕௿͍ ʢby Joker1007ʣ

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൑அ͕೉͍͠έʔε΋

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ྫɿ όϦσʔγϣϯ͸ఆٛͳͷͰDSLΛ࢖͏ ͔͠͠ɺܕνΣοΫΛDSLͰߦ͏΂͖͔ʁ

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ճ౴ྫɿ ೚ͤ͗͢ͳ͍ݪଇʹै͍ɺ࣮ࡍͷ όϦσʔγϣϯ͸Ϣʔβʔʹ೚ͤΔɺ ϥΠϒϥϦ͸όϦσʔγϣϯఆٛͷ ϑοΫDSLͷΈఏڙ

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۩ମྫ ʢࠓճͷυϝΠϯ͸ίϚϯυύλʔϯʣ

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Neco͸ϏδωεϩδοΫΛ ʮίϚϯυʯʹ෼ׂ͠ɺ ͦΕΒΛ૊Έ߹ΘͤΔϑϩʔΛ ࢧԉ͢ΔϥΠϒϥϦ

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·ͱΊ • ͔ͤͬ͘RubyͰॻ͍ͯΔΜ͔ͩΒΠϯλʔϑΣΠεʹ͸ͩ͜Θ Γ͍ͨʢ࢖ָ͍ͬͯ͠ϥΠϒϥϦ͕΄͍͠ʣ • DSL͸RubyͷڧΈͰ΋͋Γɺద੾ʹ໋໊ɾ࣮૷͢Ε͹୯७ͳϝ ιουΑΓॊೈͳఆٛΠϯλʔϑΣΠεΛఏڙͰ͖Δ • ͕Μ͹ͬͯॊೈͳ࢖͍উखΛ໨ࢦͯ͠ΔͷͰNeco࢖ͬͯ͘ΕΑͳʢએ఻ʣ