Open Source for Libraries Nicole C. Engard Vice President of Education, ByWater Solutions Koha Documentation Manager Author, The Accidental Systems Librarian 2d & Practical Open Source Software for Libraries tasl.web2learning.net & opensource.web2learning.net [email protected] Friday, March 1, 13 

What isn’t Open Source? • “Isn’t  that  insecure?” • “I  don’t  want  to  share  my  data!” • “How  can  it  be  any  good  if  it’s  free?” • “We  don’t  have  the  staff  to  handle   open  source.” Common  Open  Source  FUD  (Fear,  Uncertainty  &  Doubt) Comic: Author: Unknown | Year: Unknown | Source: Unknown Friday, March 1, 13 

What is Open Source? Open  source  soCware  is  soCware  that  users  have  the  ability  to   run,  distribute,  study  and  modify  for  any  purpose. Open  source  is  a  collaboraEve  soCware-­‐development   method  that  harnesses  the  power  of  peer  review  and   transparency  of  process  to  develop  code  that  is  freely   accessible.1   Open  source  draws  on  an  ecosystem  of  thousands  of   developers  and  customers  all  over  the  world  to  drive   innovaEon.2                                                 1,2  h

What is Free Software? •OCen  you  will  hear  Free  &  Open  Source  SoCware  (F/OSS)  in   conjuncEon.   •The  Free  SoCware  DefiniEon  (hQp://www.gnu.org/philosophy/ free-­‐sw.html)    is  similar  to,  but  not  idenEcal  to  the  Open  Source   DefiniEon  (hQp://www.opensource.org/docs/definiEon.php)   •Free  does  not  mean  free  of  cost  -­‐  it  means  Free  as  in  Freedom Friday, March 1, 13 

4 Freedoms of Free Software • You  need  all  four  of  these  freedoms  to  have  free   soCware   • Freedom  of  use • Freedom  to  copy • Freedom  to  modify • Freedom  to  contribute hQp://www.web2learning.net/archives/4263 Friday, March 1, 13 

Sharing of ideas "If  you  have  an  apple  and  I  have  an  apple  and   we  exchange  apples,  then  you  and  I  will  sEll   each  have  one  apple.  But  if  you  have  an  idea   and  I  have  an  idea  and  we  exchange  these   ideas,  then  each  of  us  will  have  two  ideas." AQributed  to  Bernard  Shaw http://ftacademy.org/materials/fsm/1#1 Friday, March 1, 13 

The  Cathedral   (proprietary  so4ware) • Development  occurs   behind  walls   • Source  code  is   usually  not  provided   -­‐  kept  locked  up • Corporate  hierarchy The  Bazaar     (open  source  so4ware) •Code  developed  over   the  Internet  with   several  others  in   public  view •Source  code  open  to   all  users •“Given  enough   eyeballs,  all  bugs  are   shallow” h

Open Source Governance What  kind  of  quality  control  is  there? •Most  open  source  projects  have  a  release  manager  or  a  manager  of  some  sort   who  reviews  the  code  and  approves  it  before  adding  it  to  the  final  release What  is  the  role  of  the  community? •The  community  looks  out  for  the  best  interests  of  the  soSware.    They  work  as   the  governing  body  behind  all  decisions  related  to  the  soSware.  The   community  decides  what  features  to  develop  next  and  who  the  managers  are.       Friday, March 1, 13 

Open Source Community •Open  source  is  about  more  than  free  soCware •Community  is  crucial  to  the  growth  of  open  source •Without  shared  knowledge  and  collaboraEon  the  project  will  not   grow •“CriEquing  the  community  is  a  right  reserved  for  those  who  have   proved  themselves  by  making  valuable  contribuEons”1 •People  who  use  open  source  can  collaborate  and  contribute  in  many   ways  with  the  community 1. Tapscott, Don, and Anthony D. Williams. “Embracing open source culture and strategy.” In Wikinomics: How mass collaboration changes everything, 82-83. Expanded Edition. New York, NY: Penguin USA, 2008. www.wikinomics.com/book/. •Write  code •Write  documentaEon •Debug •Educate  others Friday, March 1, 13 

“Crowdsourcing  has  it  genesis  in  the  open  source  movement  in   soCware.  The  development  of  the  Linux  operaEng  system  proved  that   a  community  of  like-­‐minded  peers  was  capable  of  creaEng  a  beQer   product  than  a  corporate  behemoth  like  MicrosoC.    Open  source   revealed  a  fundamental  truth  about  humans  that  had  gone  largely   unnoEced  unEl  the  connecEvely  of  the  Internet  brought  it  into  high   relief:  labor  can  oCen  be  organized  more  efficiently  in  the  context  of   a  community  than  it  can  in  the  context  of  the  corporaEon.    The  best   person  to  do  a  job  is  the  one  who  most  wants  to  do  that  job;  and  the   best  people  to  evaluate  their  performance  are  their  friends  and  peers   who,  by  the  way,  will  enthusiasEcally  pitch  in  to  improve  the  final   product,  simply  for  the  sheer  pleasure  of  helping  one  another  and   creaEng  something  beauEful  from  which  they  all  will  benefit.” Howe, J. (2008). Crowdsourcing: Why the power of the crowd is driving the future of business. New York: Crown Business. p.8 Open Source Crowdsourcing Friday, March 1, 13 

Believing in Openness If  you  don't  know  why  you  do  what  you  do  then  how  will  you  ever   get  people  to  be  loyal  and  want  to  be  a  part  of  what  you  do?     The  goal  is  not  just  to  sell  to  people  what  you  have,  it's  to  sell   people  on  what  you  believe  -­‐  the  goal  is  not  to  hire  people  who   want  a  job  it's  to  hire  people  who  believe  what  you  believe.  If  you   hire  people  just  because  they  can  do  a  job  they  will  work  for  your   money  -­‐  if  you  hire  people  who  believe  what  you  believe  they   work  for  you  with  blood  and  sweat  and  tears. Simon  Sinek:  How  great  leaders  inspire  acEon   hQp://www.ted.com/talks/simon_sinek_ how_great_leaders_inspire_acEon.html   Friday, March 1, 13 

Open Source is Easy! “The  hard  drive  on  one  of  our  reference  desk  PCs  died  today.    I  threw  in  a  new  one,  but  I   didn't  feel  like  spending  the  day  siing  through  Windows  updates,  so  I  loaded  Ubuntu  11.04   on  it  instead.    The  install,  as  I'm  sure  you  know,  only  took  about  15  minutes.    Now,  before  I   add  my  next  point,  keep  in  mind  that  I  manage  a  staff  whose  average  age  is  about  63.    No   joke.    Most  of  them  have  been  working  at  my  facility  longer  than  I've  been  alive.    SEll,  once  I   had  Ubuntu  up  and  running,  they  were  literally  fighEng  over  who  got  to  use  the  new   operaEng  system.    They  loved  it  that  much.     Now  I  agree,  Linux  kicks  buQ.    I  use  it  about  80%  of  the  Eme.    Typing  to  you  on  Mint  right   now!    However,  I  never  expected  novice  users  to  take  to  it  so  quickly.    Please,  next  Eme  you   do  an  open  source  webinar,  impress  on  your  aQendees  that  libraries  aren't  sacrificing  a  thing   by  switching  over  to  open  source  soCware.    If  anything,  open  source  operaEng  systems  and   applicaEons  can  be  far  more  user  friendly  for  the  novice  user  than  Windows  will  ever  be...” -­‐-­‐  Mark  at  the  The  Rahway  Public  Library Friday, March 1, 13 

Who’s Using Open Source? •Government  Agencies •All  Kinds  of  Businesses •Schools  (K-­‐colleges) •Librarians Friday, March 1, 13 

http://www.unisys.com/unisys/news/detail.jsp?id=5100086&pid=&sid=203 2007  Survey  Results Open Source in Business Friday, March 1, 13 

• In  2010  a  survey  of  300  large  organizaEons  in  both  the  private  and  public   sector  found: • 50%  are  fully  commiQed  to  open  source  in  their  business   • 28%  say  they  are  experimenEng  with  open  source  and  keeping  an  open   mind  to  using  it • 38%  expecEng  to  migrate  mission-­‐criEcal  soCware  to  open  source  in  next   12  months • The  cost  was  no  longer  viewed  as  the  key  benefit,  instead: • 76%  cited  quality  as  a  key  benefit  of  open  source • 70%  cited  improved  reliability • 69%  said  beQer  security/bug  fixing h

Making money on open source • “IBM  not  only  accepted  open  source  soCware  products  and  processes  but  also   its  philosophy,  which  is  to  spur  quality  and  fast  growth  rather  than  just  profits   based  on  proprietary  ownership  of  intellectual  property.” • “Giving  up  so  much  control  is  unconvenEonal  to  say  the  least,  but  the  rewards   for  doing  so  have  been  handsome.    IBM  spends  about  $100  million  per  year   on  Linux  development.    If  the  Linux  community  puts  in  $1  billion  of  effort,  and   even  half  of  that  is  useful  to  IBM  customers,  the  company  gets  $500  million  of   soCware  development  for  an  investment  of  $100  million.” Tapsco<,  Don,  and  Anthony  D.  Williams.  “Joining  Linux.”  In   Wikinomics:  How  mass  collaboraIon  changes  everything,   79-­‐82.  Expanded  EdiIon.  New  York,  NY:  Penguin  USA,  2008.   h

Total  AcEve  Sites:  6/2000  to  7/2012 h

•Reliability  through  Peer  Review •Freedom  to  Innovate •No  Vendor  Lock-­‐in •User-­‐centric  Development •CollaboraEve  Environment •Zero  License  Fees Why so Popular? Friday, March 1, 13 

Why Should Libraries Care? Friday, March 1, 13 

Libraries  and  Open  Source  Both... • Believe  that  informaIon  should  be  freely  accessible  to  everyone • Give  away  stuff • Benefit  from  the  generosity  of  others • Are  about  communiIes • Make  the  world  a  be

Libraries  and  Open  Source  make   the  perfect  pair [Librarians]  "are  almost  ethically   required  to  use  and  develop  open   source  soCware."   Crawford,  R.  S.  h

2007  Survey  Results h

• Is  there  support?  Do  I  have  to  know   how  to  program? • Do  I  have  to  skimp  on  features? • Isn’t  Open  Source  risky? • Can  I  do  it  myself? Common  quesEons  libraries  have: Open Source & Libraries Friday, March 1, 13 

•ByWater  SoluEons •Catalyst •Equinox •YourLibrarySite •And  more! Is  there  support? Do  I  have  to  know  how  to  program? •If  you  want  to  contribute   to  the  code  -­‐  Yes •If  not  you  can  use: •Support  Providers •Local  Students •Freelance  Developers Support for Open Source Friday, March 1, 13 

• Open  Source  developers  follow  the   rule  of  “Release  early  and  release   oCen” • Users  vote  with  their  dollars  and  Eme • Freedom  to  develop  on  your  own • Developers  love  their  products hQp://www.flickr.com/photos/programwitch/ 2505184887/ Do I have to skimp on features? Friday, March 1, 13 

• Casey  Coleman,  chief  informaEon  officer  for  the   GSA  (U.S.  General  Services  AdministraEon),  said   in  a  speech  ...  that  the  GSA  heavily  relies  on   open  source  to  drive  down  costs,  increase   flexibility  of  IT  dollars,  and  reduce  risk.  ‘You  get   much  more  transparency  and  interoperability,   and  that  reduces  your  risk,’  she  said. • h

For  a  total  284  days  in  2006  (or  more  than  nine  months  out  of  the  year),  exploit  code  for  known,   unpatched  criEcal  flaws  in  pre-­‐IE7  versions  of  the  browser  was  publicly  available  on  the  Internet.   Likewise,  there  were  at  least  98  days  last  year  in  which  no  soCware  fixes  from  MicrosoC  were   available  to  fix  IE  flaws  that  criminals  were  acEvely  using  to  steal  personal  and  financial  data  from   users. In  a  total  of  ten  cases  last  year,  instrucEons  detailing  how  to  leverage  "criEcal"  vulnerabiliEes  in  IE   were  published  online  before  MicrosoC  had  a  patch  to  fix  them. In  contrast,  Internet  Explorer's  closest  compeEtor  in  terms  of  market  share  -­‐-­‐  Mozilla's  Firefox   browser  -­‐-­‐  experienced  a  single  period  lasEng  just  nine  days last  year  in  which  exploit  code  for  a  serious  security  hole  was  posted   online  before  Mozilla  shipped  a  patch  to  remedy  the  problem. h

Risk of Proprietary Software • “Closed-­‐source  efforts  oCen  suffer  from  flaws   and  problems  which  the  original  development   team  never  anEcipated.    Lack  of  inspecEon  of   the  code  by  other  programmers  can  mean  that   inappropriate  design  constraints  and  other   errors  might  not  be  discovered  unEl  the  code  is   already  in  use.” Pavlicek,  Russell.  Embracing   insanity  :  open  source  soSware   development.  Indianapolis    IN:   SAMS,  2000.  p.  33. Friday, March 1, 13 

Risk of Proprietary Software • “In  its  2011  Coverity  Scan  Open  Source  Integrity   Report,  which  was  released  on  Thursday,   Coverity  actually  found  that  open  source  code   has  fewer  defects  per  thousand  lines  of  code   than  proprietary  soCware  code  does.” Noyes,  Katherine.  “Actually,  Open  Source  Code  Is  Be

All  soSware  has  risks,  you  need  to  evaluate  open  source  the  same  way  you  do   proprietary  systems. Several  Levels  of  Risk  to  consider: • SoSware  security  issues • Open  source  is  just  as  secure  if  not  more  secure  than  proprietary  systems   because  of  its  transparency • Evaluate  open  source  soSware  no  differently  than  you  do  other  soSware! • Company  mergers  and  acquisiIons • Because  you  own  the  code  to  your  system  you  are  not  Ied  to  one  support   source  and  will  never  be  leS  without  support   Software is Risky! Friday, March 1, 13 

•Absolutely,  with  the  right  in-­‐house  skills •Systems  knowledge •Linux  server  management •Web  programming •Perl  /  PHP  /  MySQL Can I do it Myself? Friday, March 1, 13 

Some Numbers Friday, March 1, 13 

When  asked  what  Open  Source  apps  they  use  at  work,  977   librarians  and  library  workers  answered  as  follows hQp://opensource.web2learning.net/archives/category/survey-­‐ results Open Source & Libraries Friday, March 1, 13 

When  asked  why  they  chose  and  open  source  app,  977   librarians  and  library  workers  answered  as  follows hQp://opensource.web2learning.net/archives/category/survey-­‐ results Open Source & Libraries Friday, March 1, 13 

Give me some examples!! Give me some examples!! Friday, March 1, 13 

Operating System • Is and always will be free of charge • Ubuntu contains all the applications you'll ever need: • word processing • email applications • web server software • programming tools • games • Designed with security in mind • Great for patron stations!! Jessamyn installs Ubuntu in her library: http://vimeo.com/4169783 Lock down Ubuntu for Patron Stations: http://ashkev.weblogs.us/ archives/478 Download Ubuntu: http://ubuntu.com Friday, March 1, 13 

Virtual Machine • Try operating systems without reformatting your machine • Run as many virtual machines as you’d like • Runs operating system concurrently without using up too many resources • Great way to demo software without making the switch right away http://www.virtualbox.org Friday, March 1, 13 

Email/Web Browser Friday, March 1, 13 

Web Browser • Customizable with Plugins • Offers more security that IE • Phishing protection • Built in pop up blocker • Spyware protection • Private Browsing • Frequent updates • Built in spell checking • Built in RSS recognition Download: http://www.mozilla.com/en-US/firefox/ Security Facts: http://en-us.www.mozilla.com/en-US/firefox/security/ Browser Stats: http://www.w3schools.com/browsers/browsers_stats.asp Friday, March 1, 13 

Web Browser •Google Chrome is a newer open source browsing option •Available for many operating systems •More security than IE: •Malware protection •Spyware protection •Anti-Phishing •Private browsing •Extend functionality with plugins http://chrome.google.com https://chrome.google.com/extensions/ Security: http://www.computerworld.com/s/article/9143518/ Chrome_sets_browser_security_standard_says_expert Friday, March 1, 13 

Email Client • Customizable with Plugins • Message Tagging • Saved Searches • High security • Phishing protection • Junk mail folder • Remote image blocking • Easy integration with Google Apps and popular web mail services http://www.mozilla.com/en-US/thunderbird/ Friday, March 1, 13 

Must Have Thunderbird Plugins •Lightening •Adds a Sunbird (another Mozilla product) type calendar to Thunderbird •http://www.mozilla.org/projects/ calendar/lightning/ •Provider for Google Calendar •Connects Lightning with Google Calendar •https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/ thunderbird/addon/4631 Tutorial: http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/how-to-integrate-google- calendar-into-thunderbird/ Friday, March 1, 13 

Desktop Apps Friday, March 1, 13 

Complete Office Suite • Works on most operating systems • Similar menus to other office suites • Save files in a variety of formats for interoperability with other office suites • Mature/established applications • Includes full office suite: • word processor • spreadsheet • presentation manager • drawing program • database application www.libreoffice.org Friday, March 1, 13 

Desktop Publishing • Works on most operating systems • Professional page layout • Comes with a combination of "press-ready" output and new approaches to page layout • Supports professional publishing features, such as CMYK color, separations, ICC color management and versatile PDF creation • Non-Latin script handling in PDFs • Several translations http://www.scribus.net Friday, March 1, 13 

Photo Editing • Works on most operating systems • Supports photo retouching and image creation • Includes a customizable interface and plugins for extended functionality • Supports most photo formats • Available in several languages http://gimp.org http://www.gimpshop.com Friday, March 1, 13 

Media Friday, March 1, 13 

Screencasting •Works on Windows only •Records actions on your screen •Multi-Language support •Records audio from system speakers •Features include the ability to: •Add System Time Stamp To Video •Add Caption To Video •Add Watermark To Video http://camstudio.org Friday, March 1, 13 

Screencasting • Works on Windows only • Record software demonstrations and tutorials • Include • Voice • Webcam • Text • Publish in Flash, view on our website or yours http://www.webinaria.com Friday, March 1, 13 

On the Web Friday, March 1, 13 

Online Surveys • Install on your own servers • WYSIWYG HTML Editor • User-Management • Free with no limits on number of surveys or responses • Multi-Lingual Surveys in more than 50 languages • Integration of pictures and movies into a survey • Creation of a printable survey version • Anonymous and Not-Anonymous survey • Open and closed group of participant surveys • Optional public registration for surveys http://limesurvey.org Friday, March 1, 13 

Content Management •Easy to install and customize •Allows for detailed user permissions •Plugins for events calendar, widgets, photo galleries and more •Thousands of pre-made themes •Includes content management functionality •Built-in search engine •Support multiple authors and blogs •Can run an entire library website or intranet http://wordpress.org Friday, March 1, 13 

Advanced Content Management • More advanced interface and installation process • Expandable with Modules • The Drupal community has contributed many modules which provide functionality that extend Drupal core • Extensive online/print help • Both the content and the presentation can be individualized based on user-defined preferences. • Role based permission system http://drupal.org http://listserv.uic.edu/archives/drupal4lib.html Friday, March 1, 13 

Course Management •Web-based classrooms •Permissions for students, teachers and administrators •Built-in chat rooms and message boards •Suitable for 100% online classes as well as supplementing face-to-face learning •Multiple languages, themes, plugins and activity modules •Includes modules for assignment and quizzes http://moodle.org Friday, March 1, 13 

Research Friday, March 1, 13 

Library Plugin •Open Source browser plugin for Firefox and Chrome •Provides access to library resources from the browser •Uses an open source framework from which editions for specific libraries can be built •Currently, 850+ academic and public libraries have created public LibX editions •Integrates into popular websites (Google Scholar, Amazon, Barnes & Noble) http://libx.org Friday, March 1, 13 

Research Assistant • Open source Firefox extension (standalone version in alpha) • Helps you collect, manage, and cite research resources • Playlist-like organization • Allows for note-taking • Includes saved searches and tags • Integration with MS Office & Open Office • Data stored in your web browser • Can store of files and bibliography online as well • Allows for shared collections http://zotero.org http://www.zotero.org/translators http://www.zotero.org/support/standalone http://research.library.gsu.edu/zotero Friday, March 1, 13 

Library Apps Friday, March 1, 13 

Reference Stats •Provides a simple way for library reference & service desks to track statistics on the number of questions asked •Provides tools to build a simple knowledge base •Web-based •Runs on Linux or Windows Server http://code.google.com/p/libstats/ Friday, March 1, 13 

OPAC • Blacklight OPAC • Allows for indexing multiple types of objects from the repository with separate metadata standards • Allows for searching of bib records alongside digital library items • Friendly interface • RSS Feeds for search results • Facetted Searching • Cover images • Speedy/Friendly search engine http://projectblacklight.org http://blacklight.betech.virginia.edu Friday, March 1, 13 

OPAC •Works with several ILSes • Faceted results • Save lists • Zotero integration • Persistent URLs • Author biographies • Similar items searching • Browsable http://vufind.org http://vufind.org/wiki/ils_support_list Friday, March 1, 13 

CMS & OPAC in One •CMS and OPAC with faceted searching and browsing features •Leverages WordPress to offer rich content management features for all a library’s content •Free and open source •Represents library catalogs in an easily searchable, highly remixable web-based format http://about.scriblio.net Friday, March 1, 13 

CMS & OPAC in One •SOPAC (Social Online Public Access Catalog) is a module for the Drupal CMS that provides integration of your library catalog within Drupal while allowing users to tag, rate, and review your holdings. •Faceted browsing •Ability to remove search limiters •Saved searches •Integrated renewals, holds placement, and fine payment •Ability to customize the user experience via the administrative control panel •100% customizable interface via the Drupal template system http://thesocialopac.net Friday, March 1, 13 

• Installs to your desktop • Offers the following functions • Cataloging • Circulation • Patron Management • Acquisitions • Serials •Reporting • Software available for free & Data is yours! http://open-ils.org Desktop-Based Integrated Library System Friday, March 1, 13 

• Fully web-based ILS • Offers same features as the proprietary ILS • Cataloging • Circulation • Patron Management • Acquisitions • Serials •Reporting • Software available for free & Data is yours! • Support available at reasonable prices http://koha-community.org Browser-Based Integrated Library System Friday, March 1, 13 

Now What? Friday, March 1, 13 

Play Time • Start  downloading  and   installing  applicaEons   that  will  make  things   more  efficient  (and   possibly  affordable)  for   you. hQp://www.flickr.com/photos/nengard/ 3253133986/ Friday, March 1, 13 

Portable Play •Can’t  install  soCware  on  your  work   computer? •Try  PortableApps: •Install  on  your  USB  drive  and  use   many  of  these  open  source   applicaEons  without  installing  to  the   hard  drive hQp://portableapps.com   Friday, March 1, 13 

Local Play •Don’t  have  access  to  a  web  server? •Try  BitNami: •Free,  easy  to  setup  wikis,  blogs,   forums  and  many  other  web   applicaEons  that  you  can  run   locally  or  in  the  cloud.  BitNami   makes  deploying  server  soCware   a  simple  and  enjoyable  process. h

Additional Links •Open Source Living http://osliving.com •OSS Watch, open source software advisory service: http://www.oss-watch.ac.uk •Open Source as Alternative http://www.osalt.com •Nicole’s Delicious bookmarks: http://delicious.com/nengard/opensource Friday, March 1, 13 

OSS & Libraries Links • Open  Source  SoCware  in  Libraries hQp://infomoEons.com/musings/ossnlibraries/   • Open  Source  SoCware  and  Libraries  Bibliography zotero.org/groups/ freelibre_and_open_source_soCware_and_libraries_bibliography   •PracEcal  Open  Source  SoCware  for  Libraries hQp://opensource.web2learning.net/blog • Open  Network  Libraries   hQp://onl.org.nz   • FOSS4Lib hQp://foss4lib.org   Friday, March 1, 13 

Open Source Blogs • The  Open  Road hQp://www.cnet.com/openroad/ • Open  Ended  from  Ars  Technica hQp://arstechnica.com/open-­‐source • The  H  Open  Source hQp://www.h-­‐online.com/open/   • ZDNet  Open  Source hQp://blogs.zdnet.com/open-­‐source • New  York  Times  -­‐  Open hQp://open.nyEmes.com   • OpenSource.com hQp://opensource.com   • Open  Source  at  DatamaEon itmanagement.earthweb.com/osrc/   Friday, March 1, 13 

Online Reading List • Open  Source:  Narrowing  the  Divides  between  EducaEon,  Business,  and  Community hQp://connect.educause.edu/display/47941 • The  concepts  of  Free  SoCware  &  Open  Standards:  IntroducEon  to  Free  SoCware   hQp://Cacademy.org/materials/fsm/1#1     • We  Love  Open  Source  SoCware.  No,  You  Can’t  Have  Our  Code hQp://journal.code4lib.org/arEcles/527   • Open  Source  SoCware  Tools  And  Directories:  Where  To  Find  Them,  How  To  Evaluate  Them hQp://www.masternewmedia.org/open-­‐source-­‐soCware-­‐tools-­‐and-­‐directories-­‐where-­‐to-­‐find-­‐them-­‐ how-­‐to-­‐evaluate-­‐them/ • Open  Source  Security  Bibliography hQp://www.zotero.org/nengard/items/collecEon/QKWPIXK9   • Nicole’s  Zotero  Library hQp://www.zotero.org/nengard/items/collecEon/1796131 Friday, March 1, 13 

Print Reading List • Prac?cal  Open  Source  SoAware  in  Libraries  by  Nicole  C.  Engard   • The  Cathedral  and  the  Bazaar:  Musings  on  Linux  and  Open  Source  by  an  Accidental   Revolu?onary  by  Eric  S.  Raymond • Embracing  Insanity:  Open  Source  SoAware  Development  by  Russell  Pavlicek • The  success  of  open  source  by  Steve  Weber • The  open  source  alterna?ve:  Understanding  risks  and  leveraging  opportuni?es  by   Heather  J.  Meeker • Open  Sources  2.0:  The  Con?nuing  Evolu?on  by  Chris  DiBona,  Mark  Stone,  and  Danese   Cooper Friday, March 1, 13 

Thank You! Nicole C. Engard Vice President of Education, ByWater Solutions Author, Practical Open Source Software for Libraries opensource.web2learning.net Friday, March 1, 13