平成生まれのためのUNIX&IT歴史講座 ~番外編~

by Taro Matsuzawa aka. btm

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೔ຊ6/*9Ϣʔβձ KVT ฏ੒ੜ·ΕͷͨΊͷ6/*9*5ྺ ࢙ߨ࠲ʙ൪֎ฤʙ 6/*9ྺ࢙ߨ࠲PTDPO

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ࠓ೔͸͍ͭ΋ͷΞϨͰ͸ͳ͍Ͱ͢ w ࠓճ͸ήετͳ͠ w ձ௕ দᖒ ͕஻Γख w ཧࣄ ݹ઒ ͕࣭໰໾

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দᖒଠ࿠!TNFMMNBO w ೔ຊ6/*9Ϣʔβձձ௕ w Ұࣾ 04(FP೔ຊࢧ෦ཧࣄ w Ұࣾ 0QFO4USFFU.BQ 'PVOEBUJPO+BQBOϝϯόʔ w ౦ژిػେֶ0#݉ݱ໾ੜ ࠓ݄·Ͱ w झຯCSFBLDPSF w ত࿨೥ ೥ ੜ·Ε ஻Γख

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ݹ઒ࡊఠ!3VTTJBO#MVF w ೔ຊ6/*9Ϣʔβձཧࣄ w ͦΖͦΖब৬ͯ͠Ұ೥ʁ w ฏ੒ੜ·Ε ࣭໰໾

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೔ຊ6/*9Ϣʔβձ KVT ೥ઃཱ ೔ຊʹ͓͚Δ6/*9΍ 044ίϛϡχςΟͷ૲෼͚

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೥ IUUQTKBXJLJQFEJBPSHXJLJ&##

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ಉ͍೥

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࿩Λ໭͠·͢

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ຊηογϣϯͰ͸KVTͷձใࢽ FUDXBMMΛݩʹ౰࣌ͷ࿩୊Λ ৼΓฦ͍͖ͬͯ·͢

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ͱ͜ΖͰ

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ීஈ࢖͍ͷ6/*9-JOVY w ࠷ۙͷ6/*9-JOVYΛීஈ࢖͍͍ͯ͠·͔͢ʁ w NBD04J04΋ؚΈ·͢ w "OESPJE΋ؚΈ·͢ w 84-΋ؚΈ·͢ w ΋͸΍ͳΜͰ΋͋Γͷ࣌୅ʹͳ͍ͬͯ·͢

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ੲͷීஈ࢖͍ͷ6/*9-JOVY w ࣗ୐ʹ4VOͷϫʔΫεςʔγϣϯ͕͋Δʂ w ߴߍͷ෦ࣨʹ4VOͷϫʔΫεςʔγϣϯ͕͋Γ·ͨ͠ w ࣗ୐Ϛγϯ͸8JOEPXTͱ-JOVYͷσϡΞϧϒʔτ w 8JOEPXT͕ϝΠϯʹͳΓ͕ͪ w େֶͰϫʔΫεςʔγϣϯΛ࢖͏ w ͳͲͳͲ

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ίϯϐϡʔλྺͷৼΓฦΓ 8JOEPXT -JOVY NBD04 ࠓճ͸͜͜ΒลΛѻ͍͍ͨ

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೥ʙ೥ େֶੜ࣌୅Ͱ͢ w ݸਓ1$ʹ7JOF-JOVY 4MBDLXBSF ,POEBSB-JOVY 3FEIBU-JOVY 4FSJPXBSF-JOVY %FCJBO(/6-JOVYͳͲΛΠϯετʔϧͯ͠༡Ϳ w Ұݸݟ׳Εͳ͍΍͕ͭ͋ΔͷͰ͜Ε͸ޙड़ w େֶͷ؀ڥ͸8JOEPXT4VO04 UFMOFU઀ଓ ͳͧͷ5%6 -JOVY 3FEIBU-JOVYΛ୯ʹ໊લΛม͚͑ͨͩͷ΍ͭ w όΠτ୅ͰJ#PPL(ΛങͬͯNBDϢʔβʹ ೥

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4FSJPXBSF-JOVY w 4FSJP͸5P)FBSUͷΩϟϥΫλʔ͔Β w -JOVY,FSOFMͱHDD *OUFM޲͚".%޲͚ ͱ͍͔ͭ͘ͷγΣϧίϚϯυ͙Β͍ ͔͠ೖͬͯͳ͍σΟετϦϏϡʔγϣϯ w 5BSCBMMͰ഑෍ Πϯετʔϥແ͠ w ଞͷ-JOVYͰFYUύʔςΟγϣϯ࡞ͬͯͦ͜ͰVOBSDIJWF͢Δ w ඞཁͳ΋ͷ͸શ෦Ϗϧυ͠Ζͱ͍͏ੈք؍

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ຊηογϣϯͷ୲౰͸ ·ͩKVTʹೖΔલͳͷͰ ౰࣌KVTͰԿΛ΍͍͔ͬͯͨΛ ඥղ͍͍ͯ͘ͱ͍͏ײ͡Ͱ͢ ͍͔ͭ͘ࢀՃͨ͠Πϕϯτ͕͋ΔͷͰ ͦΕ͸ࢥ͍ग़΋࿩͠·͢

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೥ w 7JOF-JOVY͕ਖ਼ࣜϦϦʔε w (OPNF͕ϦϦʔε w ͪͳΈʹ,%&͸೥ϦϦʔε w -JOVYͰ΋σεΫτοϓ༻్ͱͯ͠࢖͑Δ͔ʁͱ͍͏งғؾ͕͋ͬͨ w ͱ͸͍͑·ͩ8JOEPXTશ੝ظ w αʔό04ͱͯ͠͸1$6/*9͕͔ͳΓൃୡ͍ͯͨ࣌͠୅ w 7"-JOVY4ZTUFNTͷגࣜެ։

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౰࣌ͷࢥ͍ग़ େֶ೥ w ϒϥ΢β͸/FUTDBQF$PNNVOJDBUPS w .P[JMMB͸·ͩग़ͯͳ͍ w $%3͸ίϚϯυϥΠϯͰম͘ w *$2͸Ͱ͖ͨ w (OPNF͸ؔ࿈ϥΠϒϥϦΛؚΊͯશ෦ιʔείʔυ͔ΒϏϧυͨ͠ w ςϨ์୊Ͱຖ೔Կ͔͠ΒιʔείʔυΛμ΢ϯϩʔυͯ͠͸Ϗϧυ͢Δຖ೔ w 9.-Ͱ೔هΛॻ͍ͯ94-5Ͱม׵ͯ͠)5.-Λ(FPDJUJFTʹΞοϓ͍ͯͨ͠

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೥ͷKVT

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࣭໰

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ճ౴

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͋Δҙຯਖ਼ͯ͋͘͠Δҙຯؒҧ͍ w 1$6/*9ͷੈքͷ%FTLUPQ͸ͲΜͲΜൃୡ͍͕ͯͨ͠ɺ௥͍ͭ͘ͱ͍͏΋ͷͰ͸ͳ͔ͬͨ ͷ͸͔֬ w 8FCϒϥ΢β΍ؔ࿈ٕज़͕͋Δҙຯ౰࣌ͷ༧૝֎ͷํ޲ʹਐΜͰ͍ͬͨ w &MFDUSPOͳͲͷ8FC༝དྷͷΫϩεϓϥοτϑΥʔϜٕज़ͷൃల w ҰൠϢʔβ͕࢖͏ܞଳ εϚʔϗϑΥϯ ʹ6/*9༝དྷͷ෺͕޿·ΔͳΜͯ૝૾͸୭΋ͯ͠ͳ ͔͔ͬͨ΋͠Εͳ͍ w ͋Δҙຯ8FC͕͍ΖΜͳ෺Λഁյ͍ͯͬͨ͠ w 8JOEPXTͰ͋Δඞཁੑͱ͍͏΋ͷ΋ݮ͍ͬͯͬͨͷͰ͸ͳ͍͔

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೥ͷKVT

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ԿΛڭ͑Δ͔

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୤ઢ࠷ۙͷڭҭʹ͍ͭͯ

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೥ w -JOVYόϒϧ w ֤஍ҬͰͷ-JOVYϢʔβάϧʔϓͷઃཱ w 14ͷൃച ։ൃ؀ڥ͕-JOVYϕʔεͰ͋ͬͨɺͳ͓14-JOVY͸೥ w (OPNF w ,%& w ͷͪʹ8FC,JUͷϕʔεͱͳΔ,)5.-΍ɺ,0 ff i DFͳͲؚ͕·ΕΔ

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౰࣌ͷࢥ͍ग़ େֶ೥ w .P[JMMB1BSUZ+1ࢀՃ w 044ͷ຋༁Λ࢝ΊΔ w ౰࣌1$6/*9Λڭ͑ΔͨΊίϯϐϡʔλΫϥϒʹೖ෦ w ࡛ۄ੢஍۠-JOVYݚڀձʹࢀՃ w ͸ͱͪΌΜͱग़ձ͏ w %ήʔϜΛ-JOVYͰ΍ͬͯͨ

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೥ͷKVT

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౰࣌ͷࣄ݅ ଞʹ΋:BIPP "NB[POͳͲ΁ͷ%%P4߈ܸ΍-07&-&55&37JSVTͳͲ

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౰࣌ͷঢ়گ

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ηΩϡϦςΟ͸ੲ͔Βίϯϐϡʔλͷ՝୊ w $4*35ͷ૲෼͚ͷ$&35$$͸೥ ত࿨೥ ઃཱ w ฏ੒ΑΓ΋લ͔Β͋Δ w ೥ͷࠒ͸·ͩ߈ܸ͸༇շ൜͕ଟ͍࣌୅ w ݱ୅ͷΑ͏ʹ૊৫తɺϏδωεతͳ൜ࡑ͸·ͩগͳ͔ͬͨ

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͓קΊਤॻ

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Χοί΢͸ίϯϐϡʔλʹཛΛ࢈Ή w ೥୅ʹ࣮ࡍʹى͖ͨωοτϫʔΫ΁ͷෆਖ਼৵ೖΛ௥͍͔͚ͯ൜ਓΛݟͭ ͚ΔʹࢸΔ·Ͱͷ࿩ w ౰࣌ͷίϯϐϡʔλωοτϫʔΫͷงғؾΛຯΘ͏ʹ͸ྑ͍ࢿྉ

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೥ w -JOVY,FSOFMϦϦʔε w #PSMBOE,ZMJYϦϦʔε w #PSMBOE%FMQIJ$#VJMEFSͷ-JOVYҠ২൛

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౰࣌ͷࢥ͍ग़ େֶ೥ w Φʔϓϯιʔε·ͭΓ w Πϕϯτ։࠵தʹ1PDLFU1PTUQFU͕͍҆ͱ/FU#4%ͷਓ͕ͨͪങ͍͋͞ Γɺཌ೔ϒʔτͨ͠ w ΋͡Β૊ͷߏ੒һʹ w ॳΊͯ8FCϓϩάϥϜΛॻ͍ͯ༑ୡʹݟͤΔ΋෼Ͱ04ίϚϯυΠϯδΣΫ γϣϯ͕ݟ͔ͭΔ w ͏ͭපʹ͔͔Γॳ਍ͰϦλϦϯ͕ॲํ͞ΕΔ

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೥ͷKVT

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ࢀՃஂମ

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ϓϩάϥϜݴޠͷٖਓԽ

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ٶݪ͞Μ΋Ωϟϥσβͯ͠Δ

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--Πϕϯτͷݪܕͱ΋ݴ͑ΔΠϕϯτ΋

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*1Wʹ΋ྗ͕ೖ͍ͬͯͨ࣌୅

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೥ w .P[JMMBϦϦʔε w %FCJBO XPPEZ ϦϦʔε w (OPNFϦϦʔε (5,ϕʔε w ,%&ϦϦʔε w 0QFO0 ffi DFPSH w ษڧձʹ.BDϢʔβ͕૿͖͑ͯͨ࣌ظ #4%͔ͩΒ

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౰࣌ͷࢥ͍ग़ େֶ೥ w ཹ೥ w 7JTVBM#BTJDͰ(*4ͷ։ൃͷόΠτ w 5IJOLQBE3ʹ-JOVYΛೖΕͯ7.XBSFͰ8JOEPXTΛಈ͔ͯ͠։ൃ w UNQσΟϨΫτϦΛখ͘͞੾Γ͗ͯ͢7.XBSF͕ࢮ͵ w ࢓ࣄͷετϨεͰࠓͷମܕʹ w 3VCZΛ࠳ંͯ͠1ZUIPOϓϩάϥϚʹ w ࣗ୐αʔό੎ʹ

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೥ͷKVT

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த਎͕ೱ͍ w ߨԋ*1Wೖ໳ɺ#4%ͱ*1Wɺ-JOVYͱ64"(* w ࣮श w *1Wϗετͱͯ͠ͷઃఆ w *1WରԠϒϥ΢βͷΠϯετʔϧɺགྷΔ,".&ΛݟΔ w τϯωϧͱϧʔςΟϯάϓϩτίϧͷઃఆ w *1WPWFS*1Wτϯωϧʹ௅ઓ w *1WରԠαʔόͷߏங 8FCαʔόɺ%/4αʔό

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,0'

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#0'΋೤͍

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೥ͷษڧձ

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೥ w -JOVYϦϦʔε w (OPNF ϦϦʔε w ,%&ϦϦʔε w .P[JMMB'PVOEBUJPOઃཱ

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౰࣌ͷࢥ͍ग़ w ΋͡Β૊૊௕ʹ w όΠτͰσεϚʔνʹಥೖ͠ɺ࣌څԁͰ݄څສʹ w σεϚʔνͰଔ࿦ͷதؒൃදΛԾපͰٳΉ w ΋͏ͦͷձࣾແ͍ w ࣗ୐αʔόʹ*."1Λಋೖ w ൴ঁ͔ΒͷผΕͷϝʔϧ͕Կނ͔ফࣦ w ͨͿΜɺ5IVOEFSCJSEΛຖ೔Ϗϧυͯͨ͠ͷ͕໰୊

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೥ͷKVT

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ࠓ΋มΘΒ͵Πϕϯτ

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౰࣌͸·ͩݴޠ

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,0'

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໘ന͔ͬͨͱ͜Ζ .BD͸#4%ܥͰ͢΋ΜͶʂ

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࠷ޙʹؾʹͳͬͨΠϕϯτ

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ࠓͰ΋՝୊ͷ೔ຊޠೖྗ

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"OUIZͷొ৔͸͜ͷࠒ

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ৼΓฦͬͯΈͯ w -JOVY#4%ͷσεΫτοϓ؀ڥ͕ٸܹʹൃୡ͍ͯ࣌͘͠ظʹ੨य़Λաͤͨ͝ w Իָ$%ΛίϚϯυϥΠϯͰম͖ͨ͘ͳͬͨ w ౰࣌KVTʹೖձ͍ͯͨ͠Βશ͘ผͷੈքʹߦ͍ͬͯͦ͏ͳ͙Β͍ೱ͍ษڧձ͕ ଟ͔ͬͨ w ݱࡏ΋ͳ͓՝୊ͷ΋ͷ͕ͨ͘͞Μٞ࿦͞Ε͍ͯΔ w ·ͩ·ͩ-JOVYσεΫτοϓݩ೥͸ԕ͍ʁ