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Pains and Gains of PHP
Upgrades
Lorna Mitchell, PHPNW December 2013
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About Recent Versions of PHP
Version Released End of Life
5.2 November 2006 January 2011
5.3 June 2009 July 2014
5.4 March 2012 Release + 3 years
5.5 June 2013 Release + 3 years
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Current PHP Installations
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Pains of Upgrades
• cost (time and money)
• risk
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Gains of Upgrades
• shiny new features
• better security
• better performance
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Not All Upgrades Are Equal
• to 5.3: climbing a mountain
• to 5.4: flying leap
• to 5.5: nobody will notice
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to PHP 5.3
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PHP 5.3 is Full of Goodness
• namespaces
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PHP Namespaces
Namespaces allow modularity and separation
• classes, constants and functions belong in
namespaces
• namespaces can be nested
• much easier pick-and-mix of
frameworks/libraries
• avoids naming collision
• key ingredient for PSR-0
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Namespaced Library File
words[
array_rand($this->words)];
}
}
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Namespaced Calling Code
speak();
$other = new \StdClass();
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PHP 5.3 is Full of Goodness
• namespaces
• anonymous functions
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Anonymous Functions
"Alice",
"colour" => "Blue",
"origin" => "Dreams");
function formatit($value, $key) {
echo $key . ": " . $value . "\n";
}
array_walk($things, "formatit");
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Anonymous Functions
"Alice",
"colour" => "Blue",
"origin" => "Dreams");
array_walk($things, function ($value, $key) {
echo $key . ": " . $value . "\n";
});
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PHP 5.3 is Full of Goodness
• namespaces
• anonymous functions
• better DateTime
• SPL data structures
• works on Windows
• E_DEPRECATED error reporting level
• late static binding
• __DIR__
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Upgrading to 5.3: Gotchas
new reserved words: namespace, goto
log message changes
requires MySQL > 4.1
full info: http://lrnja.net/ZpvknE (php.net)
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to PHP 5.4
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PHP 5.4 is a Leap to the Future
• improved performance, reduced memory
footprint
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PHP Performance
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PHP 5.4 is a Leap to the Future
• improved performance, reduced memory
footprint
• built-in webserver
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PHP's Own Webserver
php -S dev.project.local:8080
-t /var/www/cool-project/web
-c php-ini.development
routing.php
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PHP 5.4 is a Leap to the Future
• improved performance, reduced memory
footprint
• built-in webserver
• traits
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Simple Traits Example
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Simple Traits Example
getAuditTrail();
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PHP 5.4 is a Leap to the Future
• improved performance, reduced memory
footprint
• built-in webserver
• short array notation, array dereferencing
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Short Array Notation
'stone',
1 => 'paper',
2 => 'scissors');
$game = [0 => 'scissors', 1 => 'stone', 2 => 'paper'];
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PHP 5.4 is a Leap to the Future
• improved performance, reduced memory
footprint
• built-in webserver
• traits
• short array notation, array dereferencing
• less nonsense
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Upgrading to PHP 5.4: Gotchas
new reserved words: trait callable insteadof
no register_globals, short open tag etc
turn on E_DEPRECATED on your 5.3 platform
compile PHP 5.4 and use the webserver
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Upgrading to PHP 5.4: Gotchas
new reserved words: trait callable insteadof
no register_globals, short open tag etc
turn on E_DEPRECATED on your 5.3 platform
compile PHP 5.4 and use the webserver
beware APC issues
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to PHP 5.5
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PHP 5.5: Better Again
• password hashing features
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Easy Password Hashing
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Easy Password Hashing
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PHP 5.5: Better Again
• password hashing features
• generators
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PHP Generators
Simpler than iterators - a function returning a
sequence of values.
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PHP Generators
Simpler than iterators - a function returning a
sequence of values.
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PHP 5.5: Better Again
• password hashing features
• generators
• try/catch/finally
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Try/Catch/Finally
Finally is a clause that always gets run
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No content
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PHP 5.5: Better Again
• password hashing features
• generators
• try/catch/finally
• built-in opcode cache
• Turn on opcache.enable and
opcache.enable_cli
• use APCu
https://github.com/krakjoe/apcu
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Upgrading to PHP 5.5
• turn on E_DEPRECATED on your 5.4 platform
• compile PHP 5.5 and use the webserver
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In Summary
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Upgrade, FFS
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General Upgrade Plan
• check the changelog:
http://php.net/ChangeLog-5.php
• turn on E_DEPRECATED
• test with the webserver, run unit tests
with new binary
• upgrade test platform
• pecl extensions will need a reinstall
• go for it :)
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Any Questions?
Contact me
• @lornajane
• http://lornajane.net
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Appendices
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PHP Version Adoption
• Version 5.3 52.2%
• Version 5.2 35.3%
• Version 5.4 9.8%
• Version 5.1 1.9%
• Version 5.5 0.7%
• Version 5.0 0.1%
• Version 5.6 < 0.1%
(From http://w3techs.com, 1 December 2013)
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PHP Performance Comparisons
Average time to run bench.php on my laptop
• 5.2.17: 3.77 seconds
• 5.3.23: 2.63 seconds
• 5.4.15: 1.98 seconds
• 5.5RC1: 2.11 seconds