Beyond the Twelve-Factor App

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The Twelve Factor App 12 Cloud NATIVE APPLICATION PATTERNS 2016.08.26 Kazuya Takahashi @REALWORLD Beyond

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About me The Twelve Factor App 12 Beyond גࣜձࣾϦΞϧϫʔϧυ(. גࣜձࣾ3&"-'*/5&$)$50 ∁ڮ࿨໵ ΞδϟΠϧͰϑϧελοΫͳҙࣝߴ͍ΤϯδχΞ ݸਓͰ͸-*7&"(&ͱ͍͏Իָʷ8ͳूஂͷҰһͰ͢ IUUQTMJWFBHFUPEBZ

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the Twelve-Factor App )FSPLVͷதͷਓ͕೥ʹॻ͍ͨɺϞμϯͳΫϥ΢υΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷϕ ετϓϥΫςΟε͕ʮ5IF5XFMFWF'BDUPS"QQʯ ࠷ۙɺ.BSUJO'PXMFSࢯͷϒϩάهࣄʮ4FSWFSMFTT"SDIJUFDUVSFTʯͰ/FU'MJY ͷ"ESJBO$PDLDSPGUࢯͷʠΦʔέʔɺͦΕ͕Ͳ͏ͨ͠ɻ΋͠ࢲ͕༏लͳ 'BDUPS"QQͷσϕϩούʔͳΒɺίʔυͷॻ͖ํʹԿͷҧ͍͕͋Δͷ͔ʡͱ͍ ͏ίϝϯτ͕৺ʹࢗͬͨ͞ͷͰɺվΊͯ'BDUPSʹֶ͍ͭͯΜͰΈ·ͨ͠ɻ The Twelve Factor App 12 Beyond

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the Twelve-Factor App 'BDUPS"QQΛௐ΂ͯݟ͚ͭͨͷ͕ʮ#FZPOEUIF5XFMWF'BDUPS"QQʯ ΦϦδφϧ'BDUPS"QQ͸ඇৗʹ༗༻͕ͩɺ೥ʹॻ͔Εͨ΋ͷͰঢ়گ͕ มΘ͖͍ͬͯͯΔɻಛʹ"84Λ࢝Ίͱͨ͠Ϋϥ΢υ؀ڥΛ׆༻ͨ͠Ϋϥ΢υωΠ ςΟϒΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷ৽ͨͳϕετϓϥΫςΟεͱͯ͠ɺ೥ʹ1JWPUBM ͕ࣾɺΦϦδφϧͷݸͷΨΠυϥΠϯͷΞοϓσʔτͱݸͷ৽ͨͳΨΠυϥ ΠϯΛ௥Ճͨ͠΋ͷ͕#FZPOEUIF'BDUPS"QQͰ͢ɻ Beyond The Twelve Factor App 12 Beyond

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01. One Codebase, One Application όʔδϣϯ؅ཧ͞Ε͍ͯΔͭͷίʔυϕʔεʹͭͷΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ The Twelve Factor App 12 Beyond

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01. One Codebase, One Application Ϋϥ΢υωΠςΟϒΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ͸ɺ୯ҰͷϦϙδτϦͰ؅ཧ͞Εͨίʔυ ϕʔεΛ࣋ͪɺෳ਺ͷҟͳΔ؀ڥʹϦϦʔε͞ΕΔɻ ෳ਺ͷνʔϜ͕ɺಉ͡ϦϙδτϦͰҟͳΔػೳΛ։ൃ͢ΔͱɺͭͷΞϓϦέʔ γϣϯͰ͸ͳ͘ͳͬͯ͠·͏ͨΊɺϚΠΫϩαʔϏεԽΛݕ౼͢΂͖Ͱ͋Δɻ ʠΞʔΩςΫνϟ͸૊৫ʹ͕ͨ͠͏ɻ૊৫͸ΞʔΩςΫνϟʹ͕ͨ͠͏ʡʙίϯ ΢ΣΠͷ๏ଇ The Twelve Factor App 12 Beyond

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02. API First αʔϏεͷߏங͸"1*ͷઃܭ͔Β࢝ΊΔ The Twelve Factor App 12 Beyond

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02. API First ϞόΠϧϑΝʔετ͔Β"1*ϑΝʔετ΁ɻ"1*ͩͱෳ਺αʔϏεͷ࿈ܞ΍ɺε ϚϗΞϓϦͱ8ΞϓϦͷΑ͏ͳϚϧνσόΠεʹ΋ରԠͰ͖Δɻ "1*ͷઃܭ͸"1*υΩϡϝϯτ࡞੒πʔϧΛར༻͢Δɻ4XBHHFS΍"1* #MVFQSJOUͱ"QJBSZͱ͍ͬͨπʔϧΛ࢖͑͹ɺ"1*υΩϡϝϯτ͔Βɺίʔυ΍ 4%,ɺϞοΫαʔόͳͲΛੜ੒͢Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δɻ "1*ϑΝʔετͷγεςϜ͸ɺ࢓༷͕໌֬ʹఆٛ͞Ε͍ͯΔͷͰɺςετ͕ॻ͖ ΍͘͢ɺ$*؀ڥͰγεςϜΛҡ͍࣋ͯ͘͠ࣄ͕Ͱ͖Δɻ The Twelve Factor App 12 Beyond

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03. Dependency Management ґଘؔ܎Λ໌ࣔతʹએݴ͠෼཭͢Δ The Twelve Factor App 12 Beyond

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03. Dependency Management ϥΠϒϥϦͷ؅ཧ͸ɺ1)1ͷ$PNQPTFSɺ3VCZͷ(FNɺ/PEFKTͷOQNͳͲ ͷύοέʔδ؅ཧγεςϜΛར༻͢Δ͜ͱʹΑͬͯɺΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ͕Ͳͷϥ ΠϒϥϦʹґଘ͍ͯ͠Δ͔͕໌֬ʹͳΓɺγεςϜ࣮ߦ؀ڥʹґଘ͠ͳ͍ɻ γεςϜʹΠϯετʔϧ͞Ε͍ͯΔͰ͋Ζ͏DVSM΍*NBHF.BHJDLͳͲͷπʔϧ Λ࢖͏৔߹΋ɺকདྷҧ࣮ͬͨߦ؀ڥͰ࢖ΘΕͨ৔߹ʹଘࡏ͍ͯ͠ͳ͍Մೳੑ͕͋ ΔͷͰɺΞϓϦέʔγϣϯଆͰ؅ཧ͢Δ΂͖Ͱ͋Δɻ The Twelve Factor App 12 Beyond

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04. Design, Build, Release, Run ઃܭɺϏϧυɺϦϦʔεɺ࣮ߦ The Twelve Factor App 12 Beyond

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04. Design, Build, Release, Run ઃܭɿΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ͸ࣄલʹશ෦ઃܭ͢ΔͷͰ͸ͳ͘ɺઃܭͱίʔσΟϯά Λখ͍͞୯ҐͰ܁Γฦ͠ߦ͍ͬͯ͘ɻ ϏϧυɿϦϙδτϦͰࢦఆ͞Εͨίʔυϕʔεͷґଘؔ܎Λղܾ͠ίϯύΠϧɻ ϩʔΧϧ؀ڥͰ΋ಉ༷ͷखॱΛߦ͑͹ϩʔΧϧͰಈ͍͕ͨຊ൪Ͱಈ͔ͳ͍ͱ͍͏ ໰୊͸ൃੜ͠ͳ͍ɻ ϦϦʔεɿϏϧυ͞Εͨ΋ͷΛ؀ڥຖͷσϓϩΠઃఆͱ݁߹ͯ͠ϦϦʔεɻϦϦʔ ε͸ඞͣҰҙͳ*%Λ࣋ͪɺϩʔϧόοΫͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δɻ$BQJTUSBOPͩͱλ ΠϜελϯϓΛ΋ͬͨσΟϨΫτϦɺ%PDLFSͩͱλάɻ The Twelve Factor App 12 Beyond

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04. Design, Build, Release, Run The Twelve Factor App 12 Beyond ࣮ߦɿϦϦʔε͞ΕͨίϯςφͳͲͷϓϩηεΛىಈ࣮ͯ͠ߦɻϩʔΧϧͰϏϧ υ࣮ͯ͠ߦͨ͠΋ͷ͕ɺ$*$%ύΠϓϥΠϯΛ௨ͯ͡ɺͦͷ··ෳ਺ͷΫϥ΢υ ؀ڥͰ΋࣮ߦ͞ΕΔɻ

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05. Configuration, Credentials, and Code ઃఆΛ؀ڥม਺ʹ֨ೲ͢Δ The Twelve Factor App 12 Beyond

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05. Configuration, Credentials, and Code ઃఆ΍ೝূ৘ใ͸ίʔυ͔Β෼཭͢΂͖Ͱ͋Γɺόʔδϣϯ؅ཧʹ΋ؚΉ΂͖Ͱ ͸ͳ͍ɻ·ͨɺ؀ڥ͝ͱʢEFW QSPEʜʣʹઃఆΛάϧʔϐϯά͢΂͖Ͱ΋ͳ͍ɻ ؀ڥ͸ແݶʹ૿͍͑ͯ͘Մೳੑ͕͋Δɻ ઃఆΛ෼཭͢ΔҰ൪ͷํ๏͸؀ڥม਺΁ͷ֨ೲͰ͋Δɻίʔυमਖ਼͢Δ͜ͱͳ͘ σϓϩΠ͝ͱʹ؆୯ʹมߋͰ͖ɺݴޠ΍04ʹґଘ͠ͳ͍ϑΥʔϚοτɻ ઃఆͱίʔυ͕෼཭Ͱ͖͍ͯΔ͔ͷ֬ೝ͸ɺࠓ͙͢ʹͰ΋ίʔυΛΦʔϓϯιʔ εԽͰ͖Δ͔Ͳ͏͔ͰΘ͔Δɻ The Twelve Factor App 12 Beyond

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06. Logs ϩάΛΠϕϯτετϦʔϜͱͯ͠ѻ͏ The Twelve Factor App 12 Beyond

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06. Logs Ϋϥ΢υωΠςΟϒΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ͸αʔό͕؆୯ʹ૿ݮͨ͠ΓɺҰ࣌తͳε τϨʔδ͔͠ͳ͍৔߹΋͋ΔͷͰɺϑΝΠϧγεςϜʹґଘ͠ͳ͍Α͏ʹɺϩά ͷग़ྗઌ΍ετϨʔδʹ͍ͭͯ͸Ұ੾ؔ஌ͤͣɺ࣮ߦதͷϓϩηε͸Πϕϯτε τϦʔϜΛඪ४ग़ྗʹॻ͖ग़͠ɺ࣮ߦ؀ڥͰ͸ετϦʔϜΛॲཧ͢ΔqVFOUE΍ $MPVE8BUDI-PHTͳͲͰॲཧ͢Δɻ ϩάΛू໿ͨ͠Γ෼ੳ͍ͨ͠৔߹͸ɺ5SFBTVSF%BUB΍&-,ελοΫ &MBTUJD4FBSDI -PHTUBTI BOE,JCBOB ͳͲΛར༻͢Δɻ The Twelve Factor App 12 Beyond

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07. Disposability ߴ଎ͳىಈͱάϨʔεϑϧγϟοτμ΢ϯͰݎ࿚ੑΛ࠷େԽ͢Δ The Twelve Factor App 12 Beyond

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07. Disposability Ϋϥ΢υωΠςΟϒΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷϓϩηε͸ഇغ༰қੑʢߴ଎ͳϓϩηε ͷىಈͱऴྃʣ͕େ੾Ͱ͋Δɻ"84-BNCEBͳͲ͸ϦΫΤετ͝ͱʹҰ࣌తͳ ϓϩηε͕ىಈͯ͠ॲཧ͢ΔͨΊىಈ࣌ؒͷ୹ॖ͸ॏཁͰ͋Δɻ ·ͨىಈ͕࣌ؒ୹͍ͱɺϦϦʔε࡞ۀ΍εέʔϧΞοϓ΋ૉૣ͘ߦ͑ΔΑ͏ʹͳ Γɺ։ൃϓϩηε΋ߴ଎Խ͢Δɻ The Twelve Factor App 12 Beyond

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08. Backing services όοΫΤϯυαʔϏεΛΞλον͞ΕͨϦιʔεͱͯ͠ѻ͏ The Twelve Factor App 12 Beyond

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08. Backing services σʔλϕʔε΍ϝʔϧαʔόͳͲͷόοΫΤϯυͷαʔϏε͸ɺαʔυύʔςΟ ͷαʔϏεΛ"1*ͳͲΛ௨ͯ͡ར༻͢Δࣄ͕૿͍͑ͯΔͷͰɺΞλον͞ΕͨϦ ιʔεͱͯ͠ѻ͍ɺ؆୯ʹ੾Γସ͑ͯར༻Ͱ͖ΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δɻ The Twelve Factor App 12 Beyond σʔλϕʔεͷ"NB[PO3%4ɺ 4.51ͷ1PTUpYͱ$VFOPUF434 ΍4FOE(SJEɺΩϡʔͷ #FBOTUBMLEͱ424ͳͲɻ

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08. Backing services αʔυύʔςΟͷαʔϏεΛ࢖͏৔߹ɺαʔϏε͕μ΢ϯ͢ΔͱίωΫγϣϯͷ λΠϜΞ΢τ଴͕ͪൃੜͯ͠ɺଞͷॲཧ΋μ΢ϯͯ͠͠·͏Մೳੑ͕͋ΔͨΊɺ $JSDVJU#SFBLFSύλʔϯΛ࠾༻͢ΔͱΑ͍ɻ The Twelve Factor App 12 Beyond $JSDVJU#SFBLFSύλʔϯͱ͸ɺϦϞʔτΞΫηεͷ੒ޭʗࣦഊΛΧ΢ϯτ͠ɺΤϥʔ཰͕ᮢ஋Λ ௒͑ͨͱ͖ʹࣗಈతʹΞΫηεΛःஅ͢Δ࢓૊Έɻ WJB෼ࢄαʔϏε؀ڥ΁ͷ$JSDVJU#SFBLFSͷద༻-*/&&OHJOFFST#MPH

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09. Environment Parity ͢΂ͯͷ؀ڥΛͰ͖Δ͚ͩҰகͤͨ͞ঢ়ଶΛอͭ The Twelve Factor App 12 Beyond

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09. Environment Parity ։ൃ؀ڥɾεςʔδϯά؀ڥɾຊ൪؀ڥͳͲͷෳ਺ͷ؀ڥ͸Ͱ͖Δ͚ͩΪϟοϓ Λ࡞ΒͣʹҰகͤ͞Δɻ؀ڥ͝ͱʹΪϟοϓ͕࡞ΒΕΔཁҼ͸ओʹʮ࣌ؒʯ ʮਓʯʮϦιʔεʢόοΫΤϯυαʔϏεʣʯͷͭɻ ࣌ؒɿຊ൪؀ڥ΁ͷϦϦʔε͸ग़དྷΔݶΓ୹ظؒʢ਺࣌ؒ୯ҐʣͰߦ͏ɻ ਓɿίʔυΛॻ͘ਓͱσϓϩΠ͢Δਓ͸ಉ͡ਓ͕୲౰͢Δɻͦͯ͠σϓϩΠ͸ ΞΫγϣϯͰ؆୯ʹͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δɻ The Twelve Factor App 12 Beyond

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09. Environment Parity ϦιʔεɿϩʔΧϧ؀ڥͱຊ൪؀ڥ͸$IFG΍%PDLFSͳͲΛར༻ͯ͠ग़དྷΔݶΓ Ұகͨ͠όοΫΤϯυαʔϏεΛ࢖͏ɻຊ൪͸.Z42-ͰϩʔΧϧ͸42-JUF΍ɺ ຊ൪͸NFNDBDIFEͰϩʔΧϧ͸ΠϯϝϞϦͳͲͱ͍͏Ϊϟοϓ͸࡞Βͳ͍ɻ؀ ڥͷҰக͸࣌ؒͱखؒΛ͔͚ͯͰ΋ߦ͏΂͖Ͱ͋Δɻ શͯͷίϛοτ͸σϓϩΠީิͱͯ͠ɺͲͷ؀ڥͰ΋ಈ͘Α͏ʹ৺͕͚Δɻ The Twelve Factor App 12 Beyond

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10. Administrative Processes ؅ཧλεΫ͸ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ͔Β෼཭͢Δ The Twelve Factor App 12 Beyond

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10. Administrative Processes ΦϦδφϧ'BDUPS"QQͰ͸؅ཧλεΫΛΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ಺ʹ࣮૷ɺ΋͘͠ ͸3&1-ʢ3BJMTͷQSZ΍-BSBWFMͷUJOLFSͳͲʣΛ׆༻͢Δͱͳ͍ͬͯΔ͕ɺ #FZPOE൛Ͱ͸ҟΛএ͍͑ͯΔɻ ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͱҰॹͩͱεέʔϧΞ΢τ࣌ʹແ਺ͷ؅ཧλεΫ͕ىಈͯ͠͠ ·͏͔΋͠Εͳ͍ɻ·ͨΫϥ΢υωΠςΟϒͳΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ͸DSPOͳͲͷσʔ Ϟϯ͕࢖͑ͳ͍࣌΋͋Δɻ 4Ͱ੩తαΠτɺ-BNCEBͰνϟοτϘοτͱ͔ ·ͨɺΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ಺ͷ؅ཧλεΫͷηΩϡϦςΟΛߟ͑ͳ͍ͱ͍͚ͳ͍ɻ The Twelve Factor App 12 Beyond

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10. Administrative Processes ؅ཧλεΫ͸ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ಺෦Ͱ࣮૷ͤͣʹɺ"84-BNCEBͳͲͰ؅ཧλ εΫઐ༻ͷΫϥ΢υωΠςΟϒΞϓϦέʔγϣϯΛ࡞Δ΂͖Ͱ͋Δɻ ηΩϡϦςΟͷߟྀ͕ݶఆతͱͳΓɺΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ͕ͲΜͳʹεέʔϧΞ΢ τͯ͠΋ӨڹΛ͏͚ͳ͍ɻ The Twelve Factor App 12 Beyond

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11. Port binding ϙʔτόΠϯσΟϯάΛ΍Ίͯίϯςφͱͯ͠αʔϏεΛެ։͢Δ The Twelve Factor App 12 Beyond

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11. Port binding ΦϦδφϧ'BDUPS"QQͰ͸ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯΛϙʔτΛόΠϯυͯ͠αʔϏ εͱͯ͠ެ։͢Δͱͳ͍ͬͯΔ͕ɺΫϥ΢υωΠςΟϒΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ͸ίϯ ςφ୯ҐͰαʔϏεͱͯ͠ެ։͢Δɻ ·ͨϩʔΧϧͰ͸MPDBMIPTUɺຊ൪؀ڥͰ͸BQQFYBNQMFDPNͱ؀ڥʹ ΑͬͯϙʔτΛόΠϯυ͢Δ৔߹͸؀ڥม਺ʹΑͬͯมߋ͕Ͱ͖ΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δɻ The Twelve Factor App 12 Beyond

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12. Stateless Processes γΣΞʔυφογϯάύλʔϯʹΑΔεςʔτ؅ཧ The Twelve Factor App 12 Beyond

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12. Stateless Processes ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷϓϩηε͸શͯεςʔτϨεͱͳΓɺηογϣϯͳͲͷঢ়ଶ ؅ཧʹ͸γΣΞʔυφογϯάͳόοΫΤϯυαʔϏεΛར༻͢Δɻ Ϋϥ΢υωΠςΟϒΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷϑΝΠϧγεςϜ͸Ұ࣌తͳ΋ͷ΍Ϧʔ υΦϯϦʔͷ৔߹΋͋ΔͨΊόοΫΤϯυαʔϏεͱͯ͠͸࢖༻͢΂͖Ͱͳ͍ɻ ·ͨΠϯϝϞϦΩϟογϡ͸ɺϓϩηεىಈ࣌ʹϝϞϦΩϟογϡ͢Δͱϓ ϩηεഇغ༰қੑͰड़΂ͨΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷϓϩηεىಈߴ଎ԽΛ્֐͢Δͨ Ίɺ3FEJTͳͲͷΩϟογϡαʔϏεΛ࢖͏΂͖Ͱ͋Δɻ The Twelve Factor App 12 Beyond

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13. Concurrency εέʔϧΞοϓͰ͸ͳ͘εέʔϧΞ΢τͰϓϩηεΛ૿΍͢ The Twelve Factor App 12 Beyond

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13. Concurrency εςʔτϨε͔ͭγΣΞʔυφογϯάͰഇغ༻ҙͳϓϩηεΛ࣋ͭΫϥ΢υω ΠςΟϒΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ͸ɺෳ਺ͷΠϯεϯεΛ্ཱͪ͛ͯεέʔϧΞ΢τ͢ Δ͜ͱ͕ɺ$16Λ্͛ͨΓϝϞϦΛ૿΍ͨ͠Γ͢ΔεέʔϧΞοϓΑΓ؆୯Ͱޮ ՌతͰ͋Δɻ The Twelve Factor App 12 Beyond

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14. Telemetry ޿େͳΫϥ΢υͰͷϦϞʔτ؂ࢹ The Twelve Factor App 12 Beyond

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14. Telemetry ΦϦδφϧͷ'BDUPS"QQʹ͸ແ͍߲໨ɻ؂ࢹʹ͸"1. ύϑΥʔϚϯε ɺ ,1* Ϗδωεࢦඪ ɺࢮ׆؂ࢹͷ͕ͭඞཁɻΫϥ΢υωΠςΟϒΞϓϦέʔγϣ ϯ͸༷ʑͳΠϯεϯεʗόοΫΤϯυαʔϏεʗαʔυύʔςΟαʔϏεͰߏ੒ ͞ΕΔͨΊ؂ࢹ͕ෳࡶ໘౗ʹͳͬͯ͠·͏ͷͰɺઃܭஈ֊͔Β؂ࢹํ๏Λݕ౼͢ ΂͖Ͱ͋Δɻ "1.ɿ/FX3FMJD (BOHMJB %BUB%PH ,1*ɿ(PPHMF"OBMZUJDT 5SFBTVSF%BUB 3FETIJGU ࢮ׆؂ࢹɿ/BHJPT $MPVE8BUDI $MPVE5SBJM The Twelve Factor App 12 Beyond

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15. Authentication and Authorization ϩʔϧϕʔεͷೝূͱೝՄ The Twelve Factor App 12 Beyond

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