1年ぶりにやりなおすKotlinアプリ開発

by Kazuya Kitahara

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1೥ͿΓʹ΍Γͳ͓͢KotlinΞϓϦ։ൃ .HSBN*OD ๺ݪ࿨໵

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ࣗݾ঺հ w ๺ݪ࿨໵ w גࣜձࣾNHSBNʢچגࣜձࣾ-JQʣΤϯδχΞ w ૑ۀϝϯόʔͷ̍ਓͰ͢ɻ w ೥൒લʹϛΫγΟ͔Βస৬͠·ͨ͠ɻ w "OESPJEϝΠϯɻ8FCɾJ04ঢ়گʹԠͯ͡։ൃ w झຯ͸өըɾອը

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γϯɾΰδϥͷҠಈܦ࿏Λ஍ਤ্ͰΞχϝʔγϣϯ w U (&0(3"1)*$0'(0%;*--" IUUQHFPHPE[JMMBUL

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ΤϜάϥϜੑ֨਍அ w ໰ͷ࣭໰Ͱੑ֨Λਖ਼֬਍அ w ΩϟονʔͳΞ΢τϓοτ w ແྉ w ϲ݄Ͱສਓͷํ͕਍அ

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1೥ͿΓʹ΍Γͳ͓͢KotlinΞϓϦ։ൃ

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࿩͢ࣄ w ೥ͿΓʹ,PUMJOΛ৮ͬͯࢥͬͨࣄ w ,PUMJOͱҰॹʹར༻ՄೳͳϥΠϒϥϦ

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೥ͿΓʹ,PUMJOΛ৮ͬͯࢥͬͨࣄ

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࢖͑ΔϥΠϒϥϦ͕૿͑ͯΔ w "OOPUBUJPOϓϩηοαʔΛར༻͍ͯ͠ΔϥΠϒϥϦ͸࢖ ͑ͨΓ࢖͑ͳ͔ͬͨΓ͍ͯͨ͠ w %BHHFS%BUB#JOEJOH΋͏·͘ಈ͔ͳ͔ͬͨΑ͏ʹه Ա w ৭ΜͳϥΠϒϥϦ͕࢖͑ΔΑ͏ʹͳͬͯΔʂ

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,PUMJOͷهࣄ͕૿͑ͯΔ w 8FC্Ͱ,PUMJOͷղઆΛͯ͠Δهࣄ͕૿͑ͯͯ͘͢͝ॿ͔ Γ·ͨ͠ɻ w 2JJUBͰ,PUMJOΛݕࡧͯ͠ΈΔͱɺݱࡏ౤ߘఔ͋Γ·͢ ͕ɺd·Ͱʹͯ͠ΈΔͱ౤ߘ͙Β͍ͩͬͨͷ Ͱɺ͜͜೥ͰഒҎ্ʹ૿͍͑ͯ·͢ɻ

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΍ͬͺΓ,PUMJO࢖͍΍͍͢ w FOVN w ஗ԆϓϩύςΟ w HFUUFSTFUUFS w ֦ுؔ਺ ಛʹ͖͢ͳػೳ

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FOVN (FOEFSLU FOVNDMBTT(FOEFS WBMKQ4USJOH \  NBMF உੑ   GFNBMF ঁੑ   PUIFS ͦͷଞ   ^ w ྻڍܕ w ,PUMJOͷFOVN͸؆୯ʹ஋Λ࣋ͨͤΔࣄ͕Ͱ͖ͯศར w 'SBHNFOU1BHFS"EBQUFSͷදࣔॱΛFOVNͰ؅ཧͯ͠·͢

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FOVN .BJO1BHFLU FOVNDMBTT.BJO1BHF\  1"(&\  PWFSSJEFGVOGSBHNFOU 'SBHNFOU\  SFUVSO1"(&'SBHNFOUOFX*OTUBODF   ^  ^   1"(&\  PWFSSJEFGVOGSBHNFOU 'SBHNFOU\  SFUVSO1"(&'SBHNFOUOFX*OTUBODF   ^  ^  BCTUSBDUGVOGSBHNFOU 'SBHNFOU  ^

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FOVN .BJO1BHFS"EBQUFSLU DMBTT.BJO1BHFS"EBQUFS GN'SBHNFOU.BOBHFS 'SBHNFOU4UBUF1BHFS"EBQUFS GN \  PWFSSJEFGVOHFU*UFN QPTJUJPO*OU 'SBHNFOU \  SFUVSO.BJO1BHFWBMVFT GSBHNFOU   ^  PWFSSJEFGVOHFU$PVOU *OU\  SFUVSO.BJO1BHFWBMVFT TJ[F  ^  PWFSSJEFGVOHFU1BHF5JUMF QPTJUJPO*OU $IBS4FRVFODF\  SFUVSO.BJO1BHFWBMVFT TDSFFO/BNF   ^  ^

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஗ԆϓϩύςΟ WBMHSBNCZMB[Z\lNHSBNz^ w ͸͡ΊͯΞΫηε͞Εͨͱ͖ʹܭࢉ͞ΕΔϓϩύςΟ w ฐࣾͰ͸ɺ'SBHNFOUʹ஋౉͢ͱ͖ʹ1BSDFMBSͱ߹Θͤͯ ࢖ͬͯ·͢ɻ

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஗ԆϓϩύςΟ 'SBHNFOUͰͷར༻ྫ DPNQBOJPOPCKFDU\  GVOOFX*OTUBODF VTFS6TFS 6TFS%JBMPH'SBHNFOU\  WBMBSHT#VOEMF BQQMZ\  QVU1BSDFMBCMF 4FSJBMJ[F,FZ64&3OBNF 1BSDFMTXSBQ VTFS   ^  SFUVSO6TFS%JBMPH'SBHNFOU BQQMZ\ BSHVNFOUTBSHT ^  ^  ^

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஗ԆϓϩύςΟ ஗ԆϓϩύςΟͰWBMʹͰ͖Δ QSJWBUFWBMVTFS6TFSCZMB[Z\ 1BSDFMTVOXSBQ6TFS BSHVNFOUTHFU1BSDFMBCMF 4FSJBMJ[F,FZ64&3OBNF   ^ ஗ԆϓϩύςΟΛར༻͠ͳ͍৔߹ QSJWBUFMBUFJOJUWBSVTFS6TFS PWFSSJEFGVOPO$SFBUF TBWFE*OTUBODF4UBUF#VOEMF \  TVQFSPO$SFBUF TBWFE*OTUBODF4UBUF   VTFS1BSDFMTVOXSBQ6TFS BSHVNFOUTHFU1BSDFMBCMF 4FSJBMJ[F,FZ64&3OBNF   ^

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HFUUFSTFUUFS w ,PUMJOͰ͸HFUUFSTFUUFSͷఆָ͕ٛ͘͢͝Ͱ͢ɻ w ฐࣾͰ͸ɺ%BUBCJOEJOHʹ౉͢0CTFSWBCMFͳ.PEFM 7JFX.PEFMΛ࡞੒͢ΔࡍʹΑ͘࢖͍ͬͯ·͢ɻ

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HFUUFSTFUUFS 7JFX.PEFM DMBTT6TFS7JFX.PEFM #BTF0CTFSWBCMF \  !#JOEBCMF  WBSNBJM4USJOH  TFU NBJM \  pFMENBJM  OPUJGZ1SPQFSUZ$IBOHFE #3NBJM   OPUJGZ1SPQFSUZ$IBOHFE #3WBMJE   ^  !HFU#JOEBCMF  WBSWBMJE#PPMFBOGBMTF  HFU \  JG UIJTNBJMJT/VMM0S&NQUZ SFUVSOGBMTF  WBMNBUDIFS1BUUFSOT&."*-@"%%3&44NBUDIFS UIJTNBJM   SFUVSONBUDIFSNBUDIFT   ^  ^

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֦ுؔ਺ w طଘͷΫϥεʹରͯ͠ޙ͔ΒϝιουΛ௥Ճ͢Δࣄ͕Ͱ͖ Δػೳ w #JOEJOH"EBQUFSΛ௥Ճ͢Δͱ͖ʹΑ͘࢖ͬͯ·͢ɻ

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֦ுؔ਺ར༻͠ͳ͍৔߹ 1JDBTTPͷMPBE*NBHF PCKFDU*NBHF7JFX#JOEJOH"EBQUFS\ !#JOEJOH"EBQUFS CJOEJNBHF6SM !+WN4UBUJD GVOMPBE*NBHF WJFX*NBHF7JFX VSM4USJOH \ 1JDBTTPXJUI WJFXDPOUFYU   MPBE JNBHF6SM   JOUP WJFX ^ ^

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֦ுؔ਺ར༻ͨ͠৔߹ 1JDBTTPͷMPBE*NBHF !#JOEJOH"EBQUFS CJOEJNBHF6SM   GVO*NBHF7JFXMPBE*NBHF JNBHF6SM4USJOH \  1JDBTTPXJUI UIJTDPOUFYU   MPBE JNBHF6SM   JOUP UIJT   ^

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ඍົͩͬͨॴɿMJOU w ೥લMJOUͷ݁Ռ͕͍·͍ͪͩͬͨ w ,PUMJO͔Βࢀর͞Ε͍ͯΔSFTPVSDF΋6OVTFE3FTPVSDFͷ XBSOJOH͕ग़Δࣄ౳ w मਖ਼͞Ε͍ͯΔࣄΛظ଴ͯ͠·͕ͨ͠ɺΫϥεʹΑͬͯXBSOJOH ग़ͨΓग़ͳ͔ͬͨΓͯͯ͠·ͩ࢖͑ͳ͍໛༷Ͱ͢ɻ

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,PUMJOͱҰॹʹར༻ՄೳͳϥΠϒϥϦ

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௨৴ɾඇಉظॲཧपΓ w 3FUSPpU w 0L)UUQ w 3Y+BWB

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௨৴ɾඇಉظॲཧपΓ .BJO"DUJWJUZ7JFX.PEFMLU UIJTDMJFOUHFU"DDPVOU   CJOE5P-JGFDZDMF BDUJWJUZ   TVCTDSJCF0O 4DIFEVMFSTOFX5ISFBE   PCTFSWF0O "OESPJE4DIFEVMFSTNBJO5ISFBE   TVCTDSJCF \TVDDFTT  %PTPNFUIJOH  ^ \GBJMVSF %PTPNFUIJOH  ^ "QJLU JOUFSGBDF"QJ\  !(&5 BDDPVOU   GVOHFU"DDPVOU 0CTFSWBCMF"DDPVOU ^

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1BSDFMFS 6TFS1SPpMFLU !1BSDFM  EBUBDMBTT6TFS1SPpMF!1BSDFM$POTUSVDUPS DPOTUSVDUPS   !1BSDFM1SPQFSUZ JDPO WBMJDPO4USJOH   !1BSDFM1SPQFSUZ OBNF WBMOBNF4USJOH  \  ^ w 1BSDFMBCMFͷ࣮૷Λָʹ͢ΔϥΠϒϥϦ

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1BSDFMFS 6TFS'SBHNFOULU 1BSDFMTVOXSBQ6TFS1SPpMF BSHVNFOUTHFU1BSDFMBCMF 4FSJBMJ[F,FZ64&3@130'*-&OBNF 6TFS'SBHNFOULU WBMBSHT#VOEMF BQQMZ\  QVU1BSDFMBCMF 4FSJBMJ[F,FZ64&3@1SPpMFOBNF 1BSDFMTXSBQ VTFS1SPpMF   ^

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(40/ 6TFS1SPpMFLU EBUBDMBTT6TFS1SPpMF   !4FSJBMJ[FE/BNF JDPO WBMJDPO4USJOH   !4FSJBMJ[FE/BNF OBNF WBMOBNF4USJOH  \  ^ w KTPOͷύʔεΛࣗಈԽ͢ΔϥΠϒϥϦ w ฐࣾͰ͸QSPHVBSEରԠʹ͸ΞϊςʔγϣϯΛར༻ͯ͠ର Ԡ͍ͯ͠·͢ɻ

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%BSU w *OUFOUʹσʔλΛ౉͢ͷΛָʹ͢ΔϥΠϒϥϦ w ,&:ͷࢦఆ౳͕ෆཁʹͳΔ

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%BSU 6TFS"DUJWJUZLU DMBTT6TFS"DUJWJUZ"QQ$PNQBU"DUJWJUZ \  !*OKFDU&YUSB  MBUFJOJUWBSVTFS6TFS  PWFSSJEFGVOPO$SFBUF TBWFE*OTUBODF4UBUF#VOEMF \  TVQFSPO$SFBUF TBWFE*OTUBODF4UBUF   %BSUJOKFDU UIJT   ^  DPNQBOJPOPCKFDU\  GVODSFBUF*OUFOU DPOUFYU$POUFYU VTFS6TFS *OUFOU\  SFUVSO)FOTPOXJUI DPOUFYU   HPUP6TFS"DUJWJUZ   VTFS VTFS   CVJME   ^  ^  ^

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%BSUΛ'SBHNFOUͰར༻͢Δʁ 6TFS'SBHNFOULU HFU*OUFOU QVU&YUSBT )FOTPOXJUI UIJT HPUP.Z'SBHNFOU BSH BSH CVJME HFU4VQQPSU'SBHNFOU.BOBHFS CFHJO5SBOTBDUJPO SFQMBDF 3JEDPOUBJOFS OFX.Z'SBHNFOU DPNNJU w IUUQTHJUIVCDPNGQSBUFFLEBSUJTTVFTʮ୭͔པΉʯ w ࡌ͍ͬͯΔํ๏΋ඍົͳͷͰɺ'SBHNFOUͰ͸ར༻͍ͯ͠·ͤΜɻ

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BOESPJETUBUF w *DF1JDLͷ,PUMJOରԠ൛ʢFWFSOPUF͕։ൃʣ w PO4BWF*OTUBODF4UBUFͷॲཧΛࣗಈԽͯ͘͠ΕΔ w IUUQTHJUIVCDPNFWFSOPUFBOESPJETUBUF

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BOESPJETUBUF .BJO"DUJWJUZLU PWFSSJEFGVOPO$SFBUF TBWFE*OTUBODF4UBUF#VOEMF \  TVQFSPO$SFBUF TBWFE*OTUBODF4UBUF   4UBUF4BWFSSFTUPSF*OTUBODF4UBUF UIJT TBWFE*OTUBODF4UBUF ^ .BJO"DUJWJUZLU !4UBUF  WBSOBNF4USJOH OVMM

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·ͱΊ w ೥ͿΓʹ,PUMJOΛ࢖ͬͯΈͨΒ࢖͑ΔϥΠϒϥϦ͕͢͝ ͘૿͑ͯͯศརͩͬͨ w ,PUMJOͷجຊػೳ͸૬มΘΒͣૉఢ w ͜Ε͔Βͷ։ൃ͸,PUMJOͰ࢝ΊΔͷ͕ྑͦ͞͏ ೥ͿΓʹ࢖ͬͨΒ΍ͬͺΓ,PUMJO͸ྑ͔ͬͨ

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גࣜձࣾNHSBN͸ΤϯδχΞੵۃ࠾༻தͰ͢ɻ ਓ໨ͷΤϯδχΞΛ୳͍ͯ͠·͢ʂ ΤϯδχΞਓͰ͕Μ͹͍ͬͯ·͢ɻ ৽͍͠΋ͷେ޷͖ ࠊ͕ॏ͍