実践ARMアーキテクチャ移行

by Kazuhiko Yamashita

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࣮ફARMΞʔΩςΫνϟҠߦ ʙCIɺCDɺίετʹϝϯϚΛఴ͑ͯʙ

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ࢁԼ࿨඙!QZBNB (.0ϖύϘٕज़ج൫νʔϜ γχΞɾϓϦϯγύϧ ɹΩϟϯϓɺώϧτϯ८Γɺো֐ରԠ 1SPYZαʔό։ൃɺػցֶश

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๺ւಓେ޷͖!!1

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ϗεςΟϯάࣄۀ &$ࢧԉࣄۀ ϋϯυϝΠυɾͦͷଞࣄۀ

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΋ͬͱ͓΋͠Ζ͘Ͱ͖Δ

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ʮϖύϘ প௡ ։ൃ߹॓ʯ

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"3.ΞʔΩςΫνϟ ΁ͷҠߦ

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ಛ௃ ARM x86 ໋ྩηοτ RISC CISC ΤωϧΪʔޮ཰ লΤωϧΪʔͰ௿ిྗফඅ Ұൠతʹߴ͍ফඅిྗ ίετ Ұൠతʹ͸੡଄ίετ͕௿͘ɺ  େن໛ಋೖʹద͍ͯ͠Δ ߴՁͰ͋Δ͜ͱ͕ଟ͍ ύϑΥʔϚϯε Ұൠతʹੑೳ͕௿͍৔߹͕͋Δ ͕ɺ࠷ۙͷGravitonͳͲߴੑೳԽ ߴੑೳͰɺ  ಛʹߴෛՙλεΫʹڧ͍ ιϑτ΢ΣΞޓ׵ੑ Ұ෦ͷݹ͍x86ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ ͱͷޓ׵ੑ͕௿͍ ෯޿͍ιϑτ΢ΣΞޓ׵ੑ͕͋Γɺ ݹ͍ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ΋αϙʔτ ΤίγεςϜ ϞόΠϧσόΠεͰ޿͘࢖༻͞ Εɺٕज़తʹ੒ख़͍ͯ͠Δ σεΫτοϓ΍αʔόʔͰ޿͘࢖ ༻͞Εɺ੒ख़ͨ͠ΤίγεςϜ ARM vs x86

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ۚ is Money ͓Θ͔ΓͩΖ͏͔ʁ

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ͳʹΛARMΞʔΩςΫνϟ΁ҠߦɾରԠ͔ͨ͠ 1. ϋϯυϝΠυ࡞ՈࢧԉαʔϏεͷminneͷRailsΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ 2. CI/CDͷ࣮ߦ؀ڥ 3. ࣾ಺Ͱར༻͍ͯ͠ΔOSS

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ARMΞʔΩςΫνϟͰࠔͬͨ͜ͱ 1. LinuxͷChromeΛར༻͍ͯ͠ΔՕॴ͕͋ΓɺARMͷύοέʔδ͕  ఏڙ͞Εͯͳ͍ͷͰ chromium࢖͏͔x86Ͱར༻͢ΔΑ͏ͳબ୒͕͋ͬͨ 2. CݴޠͷΫϩείϯύΠϧɺDockerͷΫϩεϓϥοτϑΥʔϜϏϧυ͕  ஗͍ 3. deb΍rpmύοέʔδΛARM༻ʹ࡞Γ௚͢ඞཁ͕͋ΓɺզʑͷΑ͏ʹ  ࣗ෼ͨͪͰ࡞ͬͨϛυϧ΢ΣΞΛຊ൪Ͱ࢖͍·͍ͬͯ͘ΔͱҰ෦ͷ  ϝϯςφ͕ؤுΔඞཁ͕͋Δ ΍Ε͹ऴΘΔ͠ɺͦΜͳʹ೉͘͠ͳ͍

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ARMΞʔΩςΫνϟҠߦͰ΍ͬͨ͜ͱ 1. DockerίϯςφΠϝʔδͷϚϧνΞʔΩςΫνϟɾϏϧυ 2. CI/CD؀ڥͷ੔උ 3. ϛυϧ΢ΣΞྨͷύοέʔδ࡞੒ 4. AWS LambdaͷҠߦ 5. ͳʹΛARMͰ࣮ߦ͢΂͖͔ʁ

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%PDLFSίϯςφΠϝʔδͷ ϚϧνΞʔΩςΫνϟɾϏϧυ

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ϚϧνΞʔΩςΫνϟΠϝʔδ ARM/x86ͳͲɺෳ਺ͷ࣮ߦ؀ڥΛ  αϙʔτ͢ΔΠϝʔδϑΥʔϚοτ

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ϚϧνΫϥελʔߏ੒ x86ͱARM͕ࠞࡏ͢ΔͨΊɺ  ϚϧνΞʔΩςΫνϟΠϝʔδ͕ඞཁ NKE App App App App x86ߏ੒ EKS App App App x86/ARMࠞࡏߏ੒ App ΦϯϓϨϛεDC AWS ͍͕҆ɺ୹࣌ؒͰ͸༗ݶεέʔϧ ΦϯϓϨϛεͷϦιʔε͕଍Γͳ͍৔߹΍ ো֐࣌ʹ׆༻ɻฏ࣌͸লྗঢ়ଶ

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Docker͸ϓϥοτϑΥʔϜͷࢦఆ͕Ͱ͖Δ $ docker build —platform linux/arm64 . x86 architecture node emurator(qemu) Docker ΤϛϡϨʔλʔʹΑΓɺҟͳΔϓϥοτϑΥʔϜͷΠϝʔδ΋࡞੒Մೳ

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޻෉͕ඞཁͳՕॴ ARG TARGETARCH RUN curl -sL "https://dl.k8s.io/release/$(curl -L -s https://dl.k8s.io/release/stable.txt)/bin/linux/ $TARGETARCH/kubectl" \ -o /usr/local/bin/kubectl && chmod +x /usr/local/bin/kubectl Dockerͷఏڙ͢ΔϏϧυҾ਺Λར༻ͯ͠ɺΞʔΩςΫνϟ͝ͱͷ  ॲཧΛ࣮૷ͨ͠Γ͢Δඞཁ͕͋Δ

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޻෉͕ඞཁͳՕॴ ARG TARGETARCH RUN if [ "${TARGETARCH}" = "amd64" ]; then \ ARCH='x86-64'; \ ARCH_SAM='x86_64'; \ elif [ "${TARGETARCH}" = "arm64" ]; then \ ARCH='aarch64'; \ ARCH_SAM='arm64'; \ else \ echo "Unsupported arch: ${TARGETARCH}"; exit 1; \ f ྺ࢙΍࣮૷ࠩҟ͸༷ʑ͋Δɾɾɾ͋Δͷͩ

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ϚϧνΞʔΩςΫνϟΠϝʔδͷ࡞੒ $ docker buildx imagetools create -t example:latest example:amd64 example:arm64 example:amd64 example:arm64 example:latest ΠϝʔδΛϨδετϦʹϓογϡ͓͍ͯͯ͠ɺ1ίϚϯυͰOK

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CI/CD؀ڥͷ ੔උ

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GitHub Actions - SelfHosted Runner GitHub ActionͰ೚ҙͷ؀ڥͰ  δϣϒΛ࣮ߦ͢Δ࢓૊Έ ೚ҙͷ؀ڥ Runner repo 1.push 2.polling & exec

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GitHub Actions - SelfHosted Runner x86͸ΦϯϓϨϛεɺARM͸AWSͰ࣮ߦ NKE Runner x86ΞʔΩςΫνϟ Runner EKS Runner ARMΞʔΩςΫνϟ ΦϯϓϨϛεDC AWS Runner

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[࠶ܝ]Docker͸ϓϥοτϑΥʔϜͷࢦఆ͕Ͱ͖Δ $ docker build —platform linux/arm64 . x86 architecture node emurator(qemu) Docker ҟͳΔϓϥοτϑΥʔϜΛѻ͏৔߹ɺΤϛϡϨʔλʔͷΦʔόʔϔου͕͋ΔͨΊɺ  ࣮ߦ͕஗͘ͳΔͷͰx86ɺARMͦΕͧΕͷ؀ڥΛ੔උ

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ެࣜͷεέδϡʔϥʔ is Good GitHub͕KubernetesͰಈ࡞Մೳͳ RunnerεέδϡʔϥʔΛHelmͰ  ఏڙ͍ͯ͠ΔͷͰɺεέʔϧՄೳͳ CI/CDͷ࣮ߦ؀ڥΛ؆୯ʹ࡞੒Ͱ͖Δ https://docs.github.com/ja/actions/hosting-your-own-runners/managing-self-hosted-runners-with-actions-runner-controller/about- actions-runner-controller ΑΓҾ༻

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Helmͱ͸ KubernetesͷmanifestΛςϯϓϨʔτԽ͠  valuesϑΝΠϧʹΑͬͯΧελϚΠζͯ͠  Πϯετʔϧ͢Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Διϑτ΢ΣΞ https://kruschecompany.com/helm-kubernetes/ ΑΓҾ༻

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Actions Tips jobs: build_images: strategy: matrix: runner: [x86-builder, arm-builder] runs-on: ${{ matrix.runner }} buildλεΫͳͲ͸matrixΛ࢖͏ͱDRYʹॻ͚Δ build_images arm build_images x86 build_images

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ϛυϧ΢ΣΞྨͷ ύοέʔδ࡞੒

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We Love OSS k1LoW/tcpdp STNS/STNS STNS/libnss ੈքతͳϓϩάϥϚͷখࢁ͞Μ͕ϝϯςφϯε͍ͯ͠ΔσʔλϕʔεͷΫΤϦΩϟϓνϟΛߦ͏ιϑτ΢ΣΞɻ ΫΤϦϩάऔಘͷΦʔόʔϔουΛճආͭͭ͠ɺ͢΂ͯͷΫΤϦΛऔಘՄೳɻCʹґଘͨ͠Go࣮૷ɻ LinuxͷϢʔβʔ໊ɺάϧʔϓ໊ɺSSHϩάΠϯ࣌ͷެ։伴Λఏڙ͢ΔGo࣮૷ͷHTTPαʔόɻ STNSͷΫϥΠΞϯτͱͳΔιϑτ΢ΣΞɻC࣮૷ɻ

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GoReleaser is Awesome GoͷύοέʔδΛ͍ΖΜͳϑΥʔϚοτͰϦ ϦʔεͰ͖Διϑτ΢ΣΞɻόΠφϦɺ Dockerɺrpm,debͳͲ͕Ұͭͷઃఆ  ϑΝΠϧͰ·ͱΊͯϦϦʔεͰ͖Δɻ project_name: stns-v2 builds: - id: "stns" goos: - linux goarch: - amd64 - arm64 ... nfpms: - id: stns-nfpms ... formats: - deb - rpm

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Deb and RPM packages are dif fi cult for me. • CͷΫϩείϯύΠϧ͸ґଘ΋ؚΊͯ΍Ζ͏ͱࢥ͏ͱ݁ߏ͠ΜͲ͍ • Deb/RPMύοέʔδͦΕͧΕه๏΍࣮ߦํ๏͕ҟͳΔͨΊɺ৭ʑͱ  ௐ΂Δ͜ͱ͕ଟ͍ • ݱ୅ͳΒDockerͰx86/ARMΛΤϛϡϨʔγϣϯͯ͠ɺϗετίϯύΠϧ  ͢Δͷ͕͓͢͢Ί(ͨͩ͠ɺΊͪΌͪ͘Ό஗͍)

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Lambda͸ARMʹରԠ ར༻͍ͯ͠ΔC֦ுͳͲͷ໰୊͕ͳ͍  ৔߹͸΄ͱΜͲԿ΋ؾʹͤͣʹҠߦ  ͢Δ͜ͱ͕Մೳ https://docs.aws.amazon.com/ja_jp/lambda/latest/dg/lambda-runtimes.htmlΑΓҾ༻

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ը૾ม׵ͷLambdaΛARM΁มߋ 1. Ϣʔβʔ͔ΒϦΫΤετ 2. Cloud Front->API Gateway※  Λհͯ͠ɺLambdaΛίʔϧ 3. Lambda͔ΒS3ʹอଘ͞Ε͍ͯΔ  ը૾ϑΝΠϧΛऔಘͯ͠ɺ  ը૾αΠζΛม׵ ※ݱࡏ͸Function URL͔Βݺͼग़͠

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ύϑΥʔϚϯεൺֱ x86ΞʔΩςΫνϟ ARM+๻ͷਆ͕͔ͬͨύϑΥʔϚϯενϡʔχϯά ๻ͷਆ͕͔ͬͨύϑΥʔϚϯενϡʔχϯά͕ όάͬͯͯɺ੾Γ໭ͨ͠ARM x86͔ΒARM΁ͷมߋͰ33%ͷߴ଎Խ

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ίετൺֱ ૣ͍͸ਖ਼ٛ

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ԿΛARMͰ ࣮ߦ͢΂͖͔ʁ

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ԿΛARMͰ࣮ߦ͢΂͖͔ Apache httpdʹabͰ  ϕϯνϚʔΫςετΛ͔͚Δͱ  ίΞ਺͕૿͑Δ΄Ͳx86͕༏Ґ https://techblog.nexxwave.eu/benchmark-between-x86-and-arm-cloud-servers/ΑΓҾ༻

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ԿΛARMͰ࣮ߦ͢΂͖͔ HINT(Hierarchical INTegration)Ͱ  γϯάϧίΞͷϕϯνϚʔΫΛऔ ΔͱARM͕༏Ґ https://techblog.nexxwave.eu/benchmark-between-x86-and-arm-cloud-servers/ΑΓҾ༻

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ͳʹΛARMʹ͢΂͖͔ 1. WEBۀքͰӡ༻͞Ε͍ͯΔLaravel΍RailsΛARMΞʔΩςΫνϟʹ  ஔ͖׵͑Δͱࢥ͍΋ΑΒͳ͍ύϑΥʔϚϯεྼԽ͕ੜ·ΕΔՄೳੑ͕͋Δ 2. ࠓճ঺հͨ͠Α͏ͳը૾ม׵ͳͲͷγϯϓϧͳॲཧͰ͋Ε͹ARM͕༏Ґ 3. ӡ༻͍ͯ͠ΔݶΓͰ͸DockerΠϝʔδͷϏϧυͳͲ΋ଟ͘ͷ৔߹Ͱ  ARM͕଎͍

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࣍ճ༧ࠂ

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΋͸΍ARM͢Β΄ͱΜͲ࢖ͬͯͳ͍ EKS͸΋͏όονॲཧ͘Β͍ʹ͔͠΄ͱΜͲ࢖ͬͯͳ͍

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ࢀߟʹͨ͠WEBαΠτ • Opt Technologies Magazine - Πϯϑϥʹ͓͚ΔCPUΞʔΩςΫνϟʹର ͢Δߟ࡯(https://tech-magazine.opt.ne.jp/entry/2022/06/03/190016) • NEXXWAVE - Benchmark between x86 and ARM cloud servers(https:// techblog.nexxwave.eu/benchmark-between-x86-and-arm-cloud-servers/)

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·ͩࠓ೥ͷ࠾༻࿮͋Γ·͢ʂʂ ਓྨͷΞ΢τϓοτΛ૿΍͠·͠ΐ͏ˠ !QC@SFDSVJU