モバイルアプリのオブザーバビリティを向上させるプラクティス

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ϞόΠϧΞϓϦͷΦϒβʔόϏςΟ Λ޲্ͤ͞ΔϓϥΫςΟε iOSDC JAPAN 2022 nade @kazuma_nagano

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ࣗݾ঺հ ͳͰʢ @kazuma_nagano ʣ ॴଐ ● αΠόʔΤʔδΣϯτ ○ λοϓϧ ■ SREνʔϜ ● iOSΤϯδχΞ ● ࠷ۙ͸BFFΛKMMܦ༝ͰiOS͔Βݺͼग़࣮͢૷ΛҰ௨Γ ॻ͘τϦϦϯΨϧͳΤϯδχΞΛ΍ͬͯ·͢

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SREॴଐͷϞόΠϧΤϯδχΞʹ ● SREνʔϜʹϞ バ ΠϧΤϯ ジ χΞ(iOSɺAndroid֤1ਓ) が ઐଐ で ॴଐ͢Δܗ ● ϛογϣϯ͸ʮαʔϏεͷ৴པੑͷ޲্ʯ   ❌ ϞόΠϧͷج൫։ൃɺϦΞʔΩςΫνϟਪਐɺQA

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SRE NEXT 2022 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mjUGAItLWhQ

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ͦ΋ͦ΋SREͬͯͳΜ͚ͩͬʁ

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SREͱ͸ʁ from wikipedia ● αΠτɾϦϥΠΞϏϦςΟɾΤϯδχΞϦϯάʢӳɿSite Reliability Engineeringɺ ུɿSREʣ͸ɺGoogle͕ࣾఏএɺ࣮ફ͍ͯ͠ΔγεςϜ؅ཧͱαʔϏεӡ༻ͷํ๏ ࿦Ͱ͋Δ ● αΠτϦϥΠΞϏϦςΟΤϯδχΞϦϯάΛ୲౰͢ΔΤϯδχΞΛαΠτϦϥΠΞϏ ϦςΟΤϯδχΞʢSREʣͱݺͿ https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/αΠτϦϥΠΞϏϦςΟΤϯδχΞϦϯά

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Site Reliability Engineering ● ʮαΠτɺαʔ ビ εͷ৴པੑΛकΔ ʯ ● Googleʹ͓͚ΔDevOpsΛ࣮ફ͢ΔνʔϜ ○ 2004೥͔Β͋ΔΒ͍͠ ● ಠࣗͷӡ༻ プ ϥΫςΟε͕·ͱ·ͬͯΔ   e.g.) SLI / SLO, SLA, ΤϥʔόδΣοτɺɺɺ   → ʮαʔϏεͷՄ༻ੑʯΛͲ͏ଛͳΘͣʹ࡞Γଓ͚Δ͔ʁ

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Site Reliability Engineering https://sre.google

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ϞόΠϧʹ͓͚ΔSREʁ

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Engineering Reliable Mobile Applications ● GoogleͷSREνʔϜͷߟ͑ΔϞ バ ΠϧΞ プ Ϧʹ͓͚Δ SREͱ͸Կ͔ʁ ● ৴པੑͷ؍఺͔ΒΈͨ࣌ͷWebΞϓϦͱͷҧ͍ ● Case Studies https://www.oreilly.com/library/view/engineering-reliable-mobile/9781492057444/

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WebΞϓϦͱͷҧ͍ɺɺʁ

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ϞόΠϧΞϓϦͷ৴པੑΊͬͪΌϜζΠ   😇

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Ϟ バ ΠϧΞ プ ϦͳΒ で ͸ͷ೉͠͞ ● デバ Πε਺ɺϞ デ ϧͷछྨଟ͗͢ ○ ෆ۩߹ͷ࠶ݱ΍ݪҼಛఆ͕ࠔ೉ ● ίϯτϩʔϧͰ͖ͳ͗͢͞ ○ Ϟ バ Πϧ͸Ξο プデ ʔτͷλΠϛϯ グ ΍ద༻͸Ϣʔ ザ ࣍ୈ ● ϞχλϦϯάେม͗͢ ○ ϋʔ ド ΢ΣΞͷछྨɺঢ়ଶɺOSɺෳ਺ バ ʔ ジ ϣϯͱϩ グが ଟ࣍ݩ ● มߋ؅ཧΉͣա͗ ○ Ϟ バ Πϧʹ͸ϩʔϧϑΥϫʔ ド ͔͠ͳ͍ ɺมߋʹඞཁͳϦʔ ド λΠϜ΋௕͍

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ωΠςΟϒͷΤϯδχΞͷྗͳͯ͘͠ ʮ৴པੑͷ୲อʯΛߦ͏ͷ͸ࠔ೉

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ϞόΠϧΞϓϦͷΦϒβʔόϏςΟ Λ޲্ͤ͞ΔϓϥΫςΟε iOSDC JAPAN 2022 nade @kazuma_nagano

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ࠓճͷΰʔϧ ࠓճͷΰʔϧ ໌೔͔ΒωΠςΟϒΤϯδχΞͷօ͞Μ͕αʔϏεͷ৴པੑΛ޲্Ͱ͖ΔΑ͏ʹͳΔ ֓ཁ ● ϞόΠϧαʔϏεʹ͓͚ΔΦϒβʔόϏϦςΟͱ͸ʁ ● ΦϒβʔόϏϦςΟͷ࣮ݱʹඞཁͳ̏ͭͷཁૉ ● λοϓϧͰऔΓ૊ΜͰ͍ΔͦΕͧΕͷཁૉ΁ͷΞϓϩʔνͷ঺հ

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ΦϒβʔόϏϦςΟͱ͸ʁ

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ΦϒβʔόϏϦςΟͱ͸ʁ Wikipedia ͋ΔγεςϜͷ֎෦ग़ྗʹؔ͢Δ஌͔ࣝΒɺͦͷγεςϜͷ಺෦ঢ়ଶΛͲΕ͚ͩ ͏·͘ਪଌͰ͖Δ͔Λࣔ͢ई౓ Google   νʔϜ͕γεςϜͷσόοάΛੵۃతʹߦ͑ΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δπʔϧ΍ٕज़తͳ   ιϦϡʔγϣϯ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Observability https://cloud.google.com/architecture/devops/devops-measurement-monitoring-and-observability

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ΦϒβʔόϏϦςΟͷ޲্ ద੾ͳΦϒβʔόϏϦςΟΛ࣮ݱ͢Δʹ͸ɺ࣍ͷ΋ͷ͕ඞཁ   Ϩϙʔτ ● γεςϜશମͷঢ়ଶʢػೳ͍ͯ͠Δ͔ɺϦιʔεෆ଍͕ͳ͍͔ʣ ● γεςϜͷϢʔβʔମݧʢར༻Ͱ͖Δ͔ʁૢ࡞্ͷ໰୊͸ͳ͍͔ʁʣ ϞχλϦϯά ● ओͳϏδωεࢦඪͱγεςϜࢦඪ τϨʔε ● ຊ൪؀ڥͷγεςϜͷঢ়ଶΛ֬ೝͯ͠σόοάͰ͖Δπʔϧ ● ͜Ε·ͰೝࣝͰ͖ͳ͔ͬͨ͜ͱΛ֬ೝͰ͖Δπʔϧ ● ຊ൪؀ڥͷ໰୊ͷτϨʔεɺ֬ೝɺ਍அʹ໾ཱͭπʔϧ

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͜ͷ̏ͭΛϞόΠϧΤϯδχΞͷྗͰ֦ு͢Δ

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ҰൠతͳΦϒβʔόϏϦςΟͷ੹຿ൣғ όοΫΤϯυϕʔεͷΦϒβʔόϏϦςΟͱͷൺֱ UI / UX Server Apps Infra ● Request Latency ● Success Rate ● CPU Usage ● DB Connection

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ཧ૝తͳΦϒβʔόϏϦςΟ όοΫΤϯυϕʔεͷΦϒβʔόϏϦςΟͱͷൺֱ UI / UX Server Apps Infra ● Request Latency ● Success Rate ● CPU Usage ● DB Connection ΞϓϦ಺෦Ͱى͖͍ͯΔ໰୊   ࣮ࡍͷϢʔβʔମݧ

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࣮ࡍͷϓϥΫςΟε঺հ

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ఆظతͳϝτϦΫε֬ೝ

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ఆظతͳϝτϦΫε֬ೝ ● ຖϦϦʔε͝ͱʹόοΫΤϯυɺωΠςΟϒͦΕͧΕͰγεςϜͷϝτϦΫεࢦඪͷ ֬ೝΛߦ͏ ● ֬ೝͨ͠΋ͷΛϨϙʔτͱͯ͠։ൃνʔϜʹڞ༗ɺ஝ੵ͍ͯ͘͠

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ࢀߟ) ϝτϦΫε֬ೝͰݟ͍ͯΔ΋ͷ શମ ● DAU όοΫΤϯυ ● APMʢApplication Performance Managementʣ ● ֤छΠϯϑϥͷεςʔλε

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ࢀߟ) ϝτϦΫε֬ೝͰݟ͍ͯΔ΋ͷ ωΠςΟϒ ● Firebase Crashlytics ○ Ϋϥογϡ཰ ● Firebase Performance ○ ىಈ଎౓ɺωοτϫʔΫ଎౓ɺϨϯμϦϯά଎౓ ● Xcode Metrics ○ Battery Usage, Disk Write, Hang Rate, Launch Time, Memory, Scrolling, Terminations ● ͦͷଞ ○ ΞϓϦαΠζʢϦϦʔεϏϧυͷipaαΠζʣ

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Xcode Organizer

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ݟΔ৔ॴ͕෼͔Εͯͯେมͦ͏ʂ 🖋🍍ͱײͨͦ͜͡ͷ͋ͳͨ🍎🖋

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߹ମͰ͖·͢ʂ 🖋🍍🍎🖋

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App Store Connect API

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1ͭͷμογϡϘʔυʹू໿ Firebase Xcode Metrics Firebase Performance Firebase Crashlytics User Crash Key Metrics Google Data Portal Auto Export BigQuery Intermediate table BigQuery = Intermediate table BigQuery App Store Connect API Google Data Portal

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1ͭͷμογϡϘʔυʹू໿ FastlaneͰApp Store Connect APIͰMetricsΛऔಘͯ͠DataDogʹϩάΛૹΔExample https://github.com/kazumanagano/FetchAppstoreMetricAction

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ఆظతͳϝτϦΫε֬ೝ ஫ҙ఺ ● ݸʑʹ֬ೝ͢Δ͚ͩ͡Όͳ͘૬ޓʹى͖͏ΔӨڹʹؔ͢ΔίϛϡχέʔγϣϯΛͱΔ ྫʣ ● ϦΫΤετ਺ͷ૿Ճ → ViewModelͷϝϞϦʔϦʔΫىҼ ● ը૾αΠζͷංେԽ → ΩϟογϡʹΑΔϝϞϦރׇʹΑΔΫϥογϡ

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ϞχλϦϯά΁ͷΞϓϩʔν

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ϞόΠϧΞϓϦͷSLI / SLOߏங

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ϞόΠϧΞϓϦͷSLI / SLOߏங SLI / SLOͱ͸ SLI(Service Level Indicator) : αʔ ビ εͷՄ༻ੑɺ඼࣭Λܭଌ͢Δࢦඪ SLO(Service Level Objective) : ֤SLIʹର͢Δ໨ඪ஋

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ϞόΠϧΞϓϦͷSLI / SLOߏங ϞόΠϧΞϓϦͷՄ༻ੑ

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ϞόΠϧΞϓϦͷSLI / SLOߏங Մ༻ੑͷఆٛΛ޿͛Δ Ξ プ Ϧέʔγϣϯ が ར༻Մೳ で ͳ͍ঢ়ଶͷྫ ● ΞΠίϯΛλο プ ͨ͠ が ɺΞ プ Ϧ が ͳ͔ͳ͔ىಈ͠ͳ͍   => ىಈ࣌ؒ ● ボ λϯΛλο プ ͯ͠΋ɺΞ プ Ϧ が ൓Ԡ͢Δؾ഑ が ͳ͍   => ը໘଺ࡏ࣌ؒ ● ͭͶʹԿ΋ͳ͍ը໘ が දࣔ͞Ε͍ͯͯɺίϯςϯπ が ݟΕͳ͍   => ϨεϙϯεͷύʔεΤϥʔ ● ಈ͖ が ΋ͬ͞Γ͢͠ ぎ ͯ࢖͍෺ʹͳΒͳ͍   => ϑϨʔϜͷϨϯ ダ Ϧϯ グ ଎౓

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͞Βʹ޿͛Δͱɺɺ

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Մ༻ੑ ⊃ ϢʔβʔͷUXͷظ଴஋

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ϞόΠϧΞϓϦͷSLI / SLOߏங Ϣʔβʔͷظ଴͢ΔUXΛΧόʔ͢ΔՄ༻ੑͷఆٛ ϝϯόʔ͔ΒʮαʔϏεͷՄ༻ੑʯͷٵ্͍͛ ● औΓ͍ͨࢦඪɺఆٛɺܭଌํ๏ɺѱԽͨ͠৔߹ʹଛͳΘΕΔUXΛώΞϦϯά ● ϑΥʔΧε͢ΔࢦඪɺίΞͳମݧΛ࢈ΜͰ͍ΔUXΛܾఆ͢Δ

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Մ༻ੑΛ΋ͱʹͨ͠SLIΛઃఆ ڞ௨ ● Ϋϥογϡ / ANR ػೳ͝ͱͷΩʔϝτϦΫε   ྫ) ● ϝοηʔδ: ಡΈࠐΈ଎౓ ● ΧʔυϑϦοΫ: ࠶ϑϦοΫՄೳʹͳΔ·Ͱͷ࣌ؒ

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SLIҧ൓Λ࠶ݱͨ͠ΞϓϦΛ࢖ͬͨSLOܾΊ ● աڈͷΠϯγσϯτ࣌ͷࢦඪ΍ɺࣄલώΞϦϯά͔Βɺ͖͍͠஋ʹ͋ͨΓΛ͚ͭΔ   ● σόοάػೳͰৄࡉͳ͖͍͠஋Λௐ੔ՄೳͳΞϓϦΛ༻ҙ͠ɺ৮Γͳ͕Βٞ࿦

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FirebaseΛ࢖ͬͨՄ༻ੑͷܭଌྫ

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Ξϥʔτͷઃఆͷࣗ༝౓ Firebase Performance ● ࡞੒ͨ͠ࢦඪ͝ͱʹΞϥʔτͷઃఆ͕Մೳ ● ͖͍͠஋Λ50ʙ95ύʔηϯλΠϧͷࢦఆ͕Մೳ Firebase Crashlytics ● ௚ۙ1࣌ؒͷηογϣϯʹର͢ΔΫϥογϡ཰ ● ͖͍͠஋Λ0.1%ʙ1.0%ͰίϯτϩʔϧՄೳ

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Ϋϥογϡϩάͷ෼ྨ https://firebase.google.com/docs/crashlytics/customize-crash-reports import UIKit import FirebaseCrashlytics final class LoginViewController: UIViewController { // ը໘Λදࣔ͢ΔλΠϛϯάͰCrashlyticsʹΧελϜΩʔΛઃఆ override func viewWillAppear(_ animated: Bool) { super.viewWillAppear(animated) Crashlytics.crashlytics().setCustomValue("login", forKey: "domain") } iOSΞϓϦͰͷϩάΠϯը໘ʹର͢Δ࣮૷ྫ ֤ػೳͷը໘දࣔ࣌ʹCrashlyticsʹΧελϜΩʔΛઃఆ͢Δ ● ΧελϜΩʔΛ΋ͱʹBigQuery (Data Portal) ্ͰػೳυϝΠϯ͝ͱͷΫϥογϡΛूܭ ● ػೳ͝ͱͷΞϥʔτ͸ઃఆͰ͖ͳ͍ ○ Velocity Alert → μογϡϘʔυͰػೳӨڹ֬ೝ

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τϨʔε΁ͷΞϓϩʔν

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ϨεϙϯεͷύʔεΤϥʔͷݕ஌

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ϨεϙϯεͷύʔεΤϥʔͷݕ஌ ● REST APIͷϨεϙϯεΛCodable౳Λ༻͍ͯΫϥΠΞϯτଆʹఆٛ͞Ε͍ͯΔEntity ʹύʔε͠Α͏ͱ͢ΔࡍʹඞཁͳεΩʔϚ͕ܽଛ͍ͯͨ͠৔߹ʹड͚औΕͳ͘ͳΔ ○ όοΫΤϯυͰ͸ݕ஌͕Ͱ͖ͳ͍ ● ࠷৽όʔδϣϯͰͷػೳ࡟আ࣌ʹɺաڈόʔδϣϯΞϓϦʹඞཁͳεΩʔϚ͕ܽଛ͢ ΔͳͲɺόοΫΤϯυͷϦϦʔεىҼͰൃੜ͢Δ ○ ϦΞϧλΠϜͳݕ஌͕༗ޮ

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ύʔεΤϥʔʹΑΔো֐ͷྫ ϨεϙϯεͷύʔεΤϥʔͷݕ஌ // αʔόʔϦϦʔεલ { "_id": 1234, "name": "user" } // αʔόʔϦϦʔεޙ { "id": 1234, "name": "user" } struct User: Codable { let id: Int let name: String } API Response ͷjson ରԠ͢ΔSwiftଆͷCodable

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ϨεϙϯεͷύʔεΤϥʔͷݕ஌

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ϨεϙϯεͷύʔεΤϥʔͷݕ஌

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ϨεϙϯεͷύʔεΤϥʔͷݕ஌ do { try JSONDecoder().decode(Response.self, from: data) } catch { var errString = error.localizedDescription // dev؀ڥͷΈ࣮ࡍͷϨεϙϯεΛૹ৴ #if DEBUG var jsonString = "" if let json = try? JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: .allowFragments) { jsonString = String(describing: json) } errString += ", response: \(jsonString)" #endif // pathதͷidΛਖ਼نԽ let normalizedPath = path // uuidΛਖ਼نԽ .replacingUUID() // numberͷidΛਖ਼نԽ .replacingNumId() Logger.warn(.parseError(endPoint: normalizedPath, message: error.localizedDescription, error: error)

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Ϣʔβʔ໰͍߹ΘͤௐࠪͷτϨʔαϏϦςΟ޲্

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Ϣʔβʔ໰͍߹ΘͤௐࠪͷτϨʔαϏϦςΟ޲্ ● Ϣʔβʔ͔Βෆ۩߹ͷ໰͍߹Θ͕ͤ͋ͬͨ৔߹ʹ࠶ݱ͕Ͱ͖ͳ͍ ● ໰͍߹ΘͤϢʔβʔͷΞϓϦ಺Ͱ ○ ͲͷλΠϛϯάͰ ○ ͲΜͳΤϥʔ͕ग़͍ͯΔ͔ ͕஌Γ͍ͨ

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Ϣʔβʔ໰͍߹ΘͤௐࠪͷτϨʔαϏϦςΟ޲্ ● μΠΞϩάʹΤϥʔίʔυΛهࡌ ○ Ϣʔβʔ͔ΒεΫϦʔϯγϣοτΛૹͬͯ΋Β͏ ○ ಉλΠϛϯάͰCrashlyticsʹϩάૹ৴ ● CrashlyticsͰ೔෇ɺ࣌ؒɺϢʔβʔIDɺΤϥʔίʔυͰ   ಉ͡λΠϛϯάͰൃੜ͍ͯ͠ΔΤϥʔ಺༰͕ΈΕΔΑ͏ʹ

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Ϣʔβʔ໰͍߹ΘͤௐࠪͷτϨʔαϏϦςΟ޲্

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Ϣʔβʔ໰͍߹ΘͤௐࠪͷτϨʔαϏϦςΟ޲্ ࣮ࡍʹಛఆͰ͖ͨ໰͍߹ΘͤݪҼ ● WiFiىҼͷSSLΤϥʔ ● ୺຤ͷηΩϡϦςΟιϑτʹΑΔIP੍ݶ ● ViewModelͷϝϞϦϦʔΫىҼͷଟॏϦΫΤετ

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֎෦SNSͷೝূαʔϏεͷো֐ݕ஌

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֎෦ͷೝূαʔϏεͷো֐ݕ஌ ● ֎෦ͷೝূαʔϏεͷো֐࣌ʹૉૣ͘Ϣʔβʔʹڞ༗͍ͨ͠ ● ໰͍߹Θ͕ͤ૿͑ΔલʹνʔϜʹঢ়گΛڞ༗͓͖͍ͯͨ͠

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֎෦ͷೝূαʔϏεͷো֐ݕ஌ Ωϟϯηϧ౳ͷط஌ͷΤϥʔݪҼΛϑΟϧλʔͯ͠ϩάૹ৴Λߦ͏ let authError = error as? ASAuthorizationError switch authError?.code { case .canceled: break default: Logger.warn( .snsError(provider: .apple), error: error ) } let errorCode = GIDSignInError.Code(rawValue: error.code) switch authError?.code { case .canceled: break default: Logger.warn( .snsError(provider: .apple), error: error ) Sign in with Apple Google

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֎෦ͷೝূαʔϏεͷো֐ݕ஌ Ұఆظؒͷϩάͷྔͷฏۉ͔ΒΞϥʔτͷᮢ஋ΛܾΊΔ

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·ͱΊ ● SREྖҬʹϞόΠϧΤϯδχΞ͕׆༂Ͱ͖ΔྖҬ͕·ͩ·ͩ͋Δ ● ΦϒβʔόϏϦςΟΛߏ੒͢ΔϨϙʔτɺϞχλϦϯάɺτϨʔεͷ̏ͭ΁ͷ   λοϓϧͰऔΓ૊ΜͰ͍Δ5ͭͷΞϓϩʔνͷ঺հ 1. ϝτϦΫε֬ೝ 2. SLI / SLOࡦఆ 3. ύʔεΤϥʔݕ஌ 4. ໰͍߹ΘͤͷτϨʔαϏϦςΟ޲্ 5. ֎෦SNSىҼͷো֐ݕ஌

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͝ਗ਼ௌ͋Γ͕ͱ͏͍͟͝·ͨ͠   Ξϯέʔτ͓଴ͪͯ͠·͢ʂ