Pushing the limits of PHP (SymfonyLive Berlin)

Slide 1

Slide 1 text

pushing the limits of PHP @another_clue

Slide 2

Slide 2 text

pushing the limits of PHP why ReactPHP is awesome and why YOU should care @another_clue

Slide 3

Slide 3 text

Agenda - Hello! - PHP, the web of the ‘90s? - Enter React - Core components - Examples and demo time - Conclusions 3

Slide 4

Slide 4 text

Hello! 4

Slide 5

Slide 5 text

$ whoami 5

Slide 6

Slide 6 text

$ whoami Christian Lück 6

Slide 7

Slide 7 text

$ whoami Christian LÃ¼ck 7

Slide 8

Slide 8 text

$ whoami Christian Lueck 8

Slide 9

Slide 9 text

$ whoami Christian Lueck 9

Slide 10

Slide 10 text

$ whoami Christian Lueck @clue 10

Slide 11

Slide 11 text

$ whoami Christian Lueck @another_clue 11

Slide 12

Slide 12 text

$ whoami Christian Lueck @another_clue passionate about pushing the limits 12

Slide 13

Slide 13 text

$ whoami Christian Lueck @another_clue passionate about pushing the limits freelance software engineer 13

Slide 14

Slide 14 text

Who are you? 14 now that you know me…

Slide 15

Slide 15 text

Who are you? 15 now that you know me… - PHP developers? - architects / engineers?

Slide 16

Slide 16 text

Who are you? 16 now that you know me… - PHP developers? - architects / engineers? - know React?

Slide 17

Slide 17 text

PHP, the web of the ‘90s? 17

Slide 18

Slide 18 text

PHP and the web of the ‘90s 18

Slide 19

Slide 19 text

PHP and the web of the ‘90s 19 Apache Client PHP MySQL

Slide 20

Slide 20 text

PHP and the web of the ‘90s traditional LAMP stack 20 Apache Client PHP MySQL

Slide 21

Slide 21 text

PHP and the web of the ‘90s traditional LAMP stack Request-Response-Cycle 21 Apache Client PHP MySQL

Slide 22

Slide 22 text

PHP and the web of the ‘90s traditional LAMP stack Request-Response-Cycle PHP is too slow? 22 Apache Client PHP MySQL

Slide 23

Slide 23 text

PHP and the web of the ‘90s traditional LAMP stack Request-Response-Cycle PHP is too slow? 23 Apache Client MySQL FPM PHP PHP

Slide 24

Slide 24 text

PHP and the web of the ‘90s traditional LAMP stack Request-Response-Cycle PHP is too slow? 24 nginx Client MySQL FPM PHP PHP

Slide 25

Slide 25 text

PHP and the web of the ‘90s traditional LAMP stack Request-Response-Cycle PHP is too slow? 25 nginx Client FPM PHP PHP memcache MySQL

Slide 26

Slide 26 text

PHP may not be pretty… 26

Slide 27

Slide 27 text

PHP may not be pretty… but it gets the job done! 27

Slide 28

Slide 28 text

Knock knock! Who’s there? 28

Slide 29

Slide 29 text

Knock knock! 2019! Who’s there? 29

Slide 30

Slide 30 text

Knock knock! 2019! - Separation of concerns (Frontend↔Backend) - HTTP APIs (RESTful) - Integration with 3rd parties - Live-Data (ticker) - CLI tools Who’s there? 30

Slide 31

Slide 31 text

Node.js 31

Slide 32

Slide 32 text

Node.js 32 good ﬁt, huge ecosystem

Slide 33

Slide 33 text

Node.js 33 good ﬁt, huge ecosystem interesting concepts

Slide 34

Slide 34 text

Node.js 34 good ﬁt, huge ecosystem interesting concepts npm install…

Slide 35

Slide 35 text

nodejs? 35

Slide 36

Slide 36 text

no js! 36

Slide 37

Slide 37 text

Everybody’s favorite language… 37

Slide 38

Slide 38 text

PHP 38

Slide 39

Slide 39 text

PHP 39 gets the job done

Slide 40

Slide 40 text

PHP 40 gets the job done widespread usage

Slide 41

Slide 41 text

PHP 41 gets the job done widespread usage if PHP can do it…

Slide 42

Slide 42 text

Enter React! 42

Slide 43

Slide 43 text

Slide 44

Slide 44 text

The other React™ 44

Slide 45

Slide 45 text

The REAL React™ 45

Slide 46

Slide 46 text

Slide 47

Slide 47 text

What is React? 47

Slide 48

Slide 48 text

What is React? non-blocking I/O 48

Slide 49

Slide 49 text

What is React? non-blocking I/O event-driven 49

Slide 50

Slide 50 text

What is React? non-blocking I/O event-driven async 50

Slide 51

Slide 51 text

100% 51

Slide 52

Slide 52 text

100% pure PHP 52

Slide 53

Slide 53 text

100% pure PHP no extensions 53

Slide 54

Slide 54 text

100% pure PHP no extensions no magic 54

Slide 55

Slide 55 text

What does that even mean?! 55

Slide 56

Slide 56 text

the idea 56

Slide 57

Slide 57 text

calculations are fast 57 the idea

Slide 58

Slide 58 text

calculations are fast I/O is slow 58 the idea

Slide 59

Slide 59 text

I/O is everywhere 59

Slide 60

Slide 60 text

I/O is everywhere third party HTTP APIs (RESTful, SOAP, you name it…) 60

Slide 61

Slide 61 text

I/O is everywhere third party HTTP APIs (RESTful, SOAP, you name it…) mysql, postgres 61

Slide 62

Slide 62 text

I/O is everywhere third party HTTP APIs (RESTful, SOAP, you name it…) mysql, postgres ﬁlesystem I/O (session ﬁles) 62

Slide 63

Slide 63 text

I/O is everywhere third party HTTP APIs (RESTful, SOAP, you name it…) mysql, postgres ﬁlesystem I/O (session ﬁles) redis, memcache 63

Slide 64

Slide 64 text

64 Source: Latency Numbers Every Programmer Should Know: https://gist.github.com/jboner/2841832 CPU vs I/O

Slide 65

Slide 65 text

I/O is slow! 65

Slide 66

Slide 66 text

I/O is slow! So why wait? 66

Slide 67

Slide 67 text

This is React 67

Slide 68

Slide 68 text

This is React 68 Start multiple I/O operations (non-blocking)

Slide 69

Slide 69 text

This is React 69 Start multiple I/O operations (non-blocking) Get notiﬁed when something happens (react)

Slide 70

Slide 70 text

This is React 70 Start multiple I/O operations (non-blocking) Get notiﬁed when something happens (react) Don’t waste time waiting

Slide 71

Slide 71 text

What React is not 71

Slide 72

Slide 72 text

What React is not React is not black magic / vodoo 72

Slide 73

Slide 73 text

What React is not React is not black magic / vodoo React is not a framework 73

Slide 74

Slide 74 text

What React is not React is not black magic / vodoo React is not a framework React is not the new buzz 74

Slide 75

Slide 75 text

React core components 75

Slide 76

Slide 76 text

React Core components - Event loop (reactor) - Streams - Promises 76

Slide 77

Slide 77 text

Event loop Consumers - THE core, low-level component 77

Slide 78

Slide 78 text

Event loop Consumers - THE core, low-level component - Create an instance - Just use the Factory - Additional extensions for bigger payloads - something inbetween… - just pass the $loop around - Start running - keeps running forever - unless stopped or done 78

Slide 79

Slide 79 text

Slide 80

Slide 80 text

Event loop Implementors - Reactor pattern (hence the name) 80

Slide 81

Slide 81 text

Event loop Implementors - Reactor pattern (hence the name) - start timers - once - periodic - ticks 81 $loop->addTimer(0.5, function () { echo ‘world’; }); $loop->addTimer(0.3, function () { echo ‘hello’; });

Slide 82

Slide 82 text

Event loop Implementors - Reactor pattern (hence the name) - start timers - once - periodic - ticks - wait for stream resources to become - readable - writable 82 $loop->addTimer(0.5, function () { echo ‘world’; }); $loop->addTimer(0.3, function () { echo ‘hello’; }); $loop->addReadStream($stream, $fn); $loop->addWriteStream($stream, $fn);

Slide 83

Slide 83 text

Streams - Process large strings in chunks as they happen (think downloads) - Types - Readable (e.g. STDIN pipe) - Writable (e.g. STDOUT pipe) - Duplex (e.g. TCP/IP connection) 83

Slide 84

Slide 84 text

Streams - interfaces, events and listeners: 84 $dest->write(‘hello’); $source->on(‘data’, function ($data) { var_dump($data); }); $source->on(‘close’, function () { echo ‘stream closed’; });

Slide 85

Slide 85 text

Streams - interfaces, events and listeners: 85 $dest->write(‘hello’); $source->on(‘data’, function ($data) { var_dump($data); }); $source->on(‘close’, function () { echo ‘stream closed’; }); $source->pipe($gunzip)->pipe($badwords)->pipe($dest);

Slide 86

Slide 86 text

Promises - Placeholder for a single future result - Possible states: - pending - fulﬁlled (successfully resolved) - rejected (Exception occured) 86

Slide 87

Slide 87 text

Promises - no more imperative code ﬂow - instead (tell, don’t ask) 87 $a->then($fulﬁlled = null, $rejected = null); $a->then(‘process’); $a->then(‘process’, ‘var_dump’);

Slide 88

Slide 88 text

Examples and demo time! 88

Slide 89

Slide 89 text

Examples and demo time! All open source with links 89

Slide 90

Slide 90 text

Socket server 90 react/socket - THE canonical chat example - broadcast all incoming msgs

Slide 91

Slide 91 text

Socket server 91 react/socket - THE canonical chat example - broadcast all incoming msgs - run example server - connect via telnet: $ telnet live.clue.engineering 8000

Slide 92

Slide 92 text

Slide 93

Slide 93 text

HTTP client 93 clue/buzz-react - Simple HTTP requests - inspired by kriswallsmith/buzz - PSR-7 compatible

Slide 94

Slide 94 text

HTTP client 94 clue/buzz-react - Simple HTTP requests - inspired by kriswallsmith/buzz - PSR-7 compatible - Promises and Streams - It’s fast…

Slide 95

Slide 95 text

HTTP client 95 clue/buzz-react - Simple HTTP requests - inspired by kriswallsmith/buzz - PSR-7 compatible - Promises and Streams - It’s fast… - benchmarks in following slides about clue/docker-react

Slide 96

Slide 96 text

Packagist API clue/packagist-api-react - get information about any Composer package - simple, Promise-based - lightweight wrapper between - KnpLabs/packagist-api - clue/buzz-react 96

Slide 97

Slide 97 text

Packagist API clue/packagist-api-react - get information about any Composer package - simple, Promise-based - lightweight wrapper between - KnpLabs/packagist-api - clue/buzz-react 97 - see its examples $ php examples/search.php

Slide 98

Slide 98 text

Docker client clue/docker-react - Run apps in isolated containers - “build, ship and run, anywhere” - Controlled through HTTP API - Promises and Streams 98

Slide 99

Slide 99 text

Docker client clue/docker-react - Run apps in isolated containers - “build, ship and run, anywhere” - Controlled through HTTP API - Promises and Streams 99 - see its promise examples $ php examples/info.php - see its streaming examples $ php examples/benchmark-exec.php

Slide 100

Slide 100 text

2400 MB/s 100

Slide 101

Slide 101 text

2400 MB/s 101

Slide 102

Slide 102 text

2400 MB/s 102 dockerd maxed out PHP not

Slide 103

Slide 103 text

HTTP server react/http - Pure PHP, with no additional webserver - standard PSR-7 interfaces 103

Slide 104

Slide 104 text

HTTP server react/http - Pure PHP, with no additional webserver - standard PSR-7 interfaces - Lots of third-party integrations with traditional frameworks (Symfony, Slim etc.) 104

Slide 105

Slide 105 text

11k requests/s 105

Slide 106

Slide 106 text

11k requests/s 106

Slide 107

Slide 107 text

11k requests/s 107 this is a local, single core benchmark!

Slide 108

Slide 108 text

11k requests/s 108 this is a local, single core benchmark! quad core i7 + HT => ~88k requests/s

Slide 109

Slide 109 text

11k requests/s 109 this is a local, single core benchmark! quad core i7 + HT => ~88k requests/s 40M requests/h (single core)

Slide 110

Slide 110 text

11k requests/s 110 this is a local, single core benchmark! quad core i7 + HT => ~88k requests/s 40M requests/h (single core) ~300M requests/h

Slide 111

Slide 111 text

Server sent events clue/sse-react - Server sent events (SSE) - aka. EventSource (browser API) - Streaming events to browser - limited browser support 111

Slide 112

Slide 112 text

Server sent events clue/sse-react - Server sent events (SSE) - aka. EventSource (browser API) - Streaming events to browser - limited browser support 112 - see examples connecting to initial chat $ php examples/chat-server.php - open browser: http://live.clue.engineering:8080/

Slide 113

Slide 113 text

113

Slide 114

Slide 114 text

Websocket server cboden/ratchet - Async WebSocket server - bidirectional data ﬂow between browser and server - better browser support 114

Slide 115

Slide 115 text

Redis client 115 clue/redis-react - Redis is a fast in-memory DB - very simple commands - very simple protocol - pipelined, Promise-based

Slide 116

Slide 116 text

Redis client 116 clue/redis-react - Redis is a fast in-memory DB - very simple commands - very simple protocol - pipelined, Promise-based - see its examples $ php examples/incr.php

Slide 117

Slide 117 text

Redis server 117

Slide 118

Slide 118 text

Redis server 118 - Oﬃcial Redis is written in C

Slide 119

Slide 119 text

Redis server 119 clue/php-redis-server - Oﬃcial Redis is written in C - Reimplementation is pure PHP

Slide 120

Slide 120 text

Redis server 120 clue/php-redis-server - Oﬃcial Redis is written in C - Reimplementation is pure PHP - Very simple to add commands

Slide 121

Slide 121 text

Redis server 121 clue/php-redis-server - Oﬃcial Redis is written in C - Reimplementation is pure PHP - Very simple to add commands - How fast could PHP possibly be? Let’s see…

Slide 122

Slide 122 text

Redis server 122 clue/php-redis-server - Official Redis is written in C - Reimplementation is pure PHP - Very simple to add commands - How fast could PHP possibly be? Let’s see… - see its bin $ php bin/redis-server.php - test via clue/redis-react - test via official redis CLI - run official redis benchmark during talk: - official server: ~150k OP/s

Slide 123

Slide 123 text

100k OP/s 123

Slide 124

Slide 124 text

100k OP/s 124

Slide 125

Slide 125 text

100k OP/s pure PHP 125

Slide 126

Slide 126 text

100k OP/s pure PHP who needs native code anyway? 126

Slide 127

Slide 127 text

Redis framework 127 clue/php-redis-framework - Development preview - Very simple to add custom commands

Slide 128

Slide 128 text

Redis framework 128 clue/php-redis-framework - Development preview - Very simple to add custom commands - run example server $ php examples/11-beer.php - connect via telnet: $ telnet IP 9000

Slide 129

Slide 129 text

129

Slide 130

Slide 130 text

Quassel clue/quassel-react - Quassel IRC core - event-driven IRC chatbots - re-using existing identity 130

Slide 131

Slide 131 text

131

Slide 132

Slide 132 text

Zenity clue/zenity-react - PHP desktop GUI applications - very simple, Promise-based 132

Slide 133

Slide 133 text

Zenity clue/zenity-react - PHP desktop GUI applications - very simple, Promise-based 133 - see its simple examples $ php examples/01-dialog.php - see its more realistic examples $ php examples/06-menu.php $ php examples/03-progress-pulsate.php $ php examples/03-progress-random.php

Slide 134

Slide 134 text

134

Slide 135

Slide 135 text

135

Slide 136

Slide 136 text

136

Slide 137

Slide 137 text

BunnyPHP bunny/bunny - AMQP (RabbitMQ) - job worker processes - run slow things in background 137

Slide 138

Slide 138 text

no polling 138

Slide 139

Slide 139 text

no polling 139 jobs instantly picked up

Slide 140

Slide 140 text

no polling 140 jobs instantly picked up thousands of jobs per second

Slide 141

Slide 141 text

no polling 141 jobs instantly picked up thousands of jobs per second concurrently processing hundreds or more

Slide 142

Slide 142 text

many, MANY more third-party projects: https://github.com/reactphp/react/wiki/Users 142

Slide 143

Slide 143 text

Conclusions 143

Slide 144

Slide 144 text

144 Can I use ReactPHP to make my website 1000x faster?

Slide 145

Slide 145 text

YES 145 Can I use ReactPHP to make my website 1000x faster?

Slide 146

Slide 146 text

YES 146 But you might be missing the point… Can I use ReactPHP to make my website 1000x faster?

Slide 147

Slide 147 text

PHP 147

Slide 148

Slide 148 text

PHP faster than you probably thought 148

Slide 149

Slide 149 text

PHP faster than you probably thought more versatile than you probably thought 149

Slide 150

Slide 150 text

ReactPHP 150

Slide 151

Slide 151 text

ReactPHP 151 a real deal and here to stay

Slide 152

Slide 152 text

ReactPHP 152 a real deal and here to stay stable & production ready

Slide 153

Slide 153 text

ReactPHP 153 a real deal and here to stay stable & production ready *awesome*

Slide 154

Slide 154 text

try! 154

Slide 155

Slide 155 text

try! whenever having to wait 155

Slide 156

Slide 156 text

try! whenever having to wait whenever accessing network 156

Slide 157

Slide 157 text

help! 157

Slide 158

Slide 158 text

help! elaborate documentation on ReactPHP.org 158

Slide 159

Slide 159 text

help! elaborate documentation on ReactPHP.org tweet @ReactPHP or #reactphp 159

Slide 160

Slide 160 text

help! elaborate documentation on ReactPHP.org tweet @ReactPHP or #reactphp Talk to me 160

Slide 161

Slide 161 text

help! elaborate documentation on ReactPHP.org tweet @ReactPHP or #reactphp Talk to me Did I mention I’m available? 161

Slide 162

Slide 162 text

// thank you! $loop->stop(); 162 @another_clue – https://clue.engineering/

Slide 163

Slide 163 text

integration 163

Slide 164

Slide 164 text

integration non-blocking and blocking don’t mix well 164

Slide 165

Slide 165 text

integration non-blocking and blocking don’t mix well decide for either approach 165

Slide 166

Slide 166 text

integration non-blocking and blocking don’t mix well decide for either approach isolate & communicate 166

Slide 167

Slide 167 text

Integration with traditional environments 167 integrating async into sync is easy

Slide 168

Slide 168 text

Integration with traditional environments 168 integrating async into sync is easy - just run the loop until you’re done - see clue/block-react

Slide 169

Slide 169 text

Integration with traditional environments 169 integrating async into sync is easy - just run the loop until you’re done - see clue/block-react integrating sync into async is hard

Slide 170

Slide 170 text

Integration with traditional environments 170 integrating async into sync is easy - just run the loop until you’re done - see clue/block-react integrating sync into async is hard - often requires async rewrite - consider forking instead

Slide 171

Slide 171 text

Avoid blocking! - The loop must not be blocked 171

Slide 172

Slide 172 text

Avoid blocking! - The loop must not be blocked - Many functions / lib assume blocking by default - Anything >1ms should be reconsidered 172

Slide 173

Slide 173 text

Avoid blocking! - The loop must not be blocked - Many functions / lib assume blocking by default - Anything >1ms should be reconsidered - Alternatives - Single result: Promises - Evented: Streams 173

Slide 174

Slide 174 text

Avoid blocking! - The loop must not be blocked - Many functions / lib assume blocking by default - Anything >1ms should be reconsidered - Alternatives - Single result: Promises - Evented: Streams - Need a blocking function? - Fork oﬀ! - Use IPC 174