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CSS Naming Conventions
Peter Wilson • @pwcc
Be Responsive • August 2014
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What is a naming convention?
• Class names
• Systematic
• Planned
flic.kr/p/fLTwjD
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Components
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Components
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Sub-components
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Sub-components
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Variants
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Popular Naming Conventions
• BEM
• SMACSS
• SUITCSS
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BEM
by Yandex
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Block, Element, Modifier
• Strict
• Meaningful hyphens
• Meaningful underscores
flic.kr/p/aLvmZ
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Components
.component-name {
// hyphen separated
// all lower case
}
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Sub-components
.component-name__sub-component {
// double underscore
// hyphen separated
// all lower case
// includes component’s name
}
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Variants
.component-name––variant-name {
// double hyphen
// hyphen separated
// all lower case
// includes component’s name
}
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State & Layout
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The media object
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The media object
.media-object {
overflow: hidden; //clearfix
}
.media-object__image {
float: left;
}
.media-object__body {
overflow: hidden;
}
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The media object
![]()
Lorem Ipsum
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The media object variant
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The media variant
.media-object––rev > .media-object__image {
float: right;
}
// OR
.media-object__image––rev {
float: right;
}
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The media variant
.media-object––rev > .media-object__image {
float: right;
}
// OR
.media-object__image––rev {
float: right;
}
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SMACSS
by Jonathan Snook
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Scalable & Modular Architecture for CSS
• Loose naming convention
• meaningful hyphens
flic.kr/p/aLvmZ
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Components
.componentName {
// camel case
}
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Sub-components
.componentName–subComponent {
// indicated with hyphen
// all one word
// camel case
// includes component’s name
}
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Variants
.componentName–variantName {
// indicated with hyphen
// all one word
// camel case
// includes component’s name
}
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Layout & state
.layout-grid, .l-grid {
// layout prefixed, dev’s preference
}
.componentName-is-open {
// state prefixed with is
}
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The media object
.mediaObject {
overflow: hidden; //clearfix
}
.mediaObject-image {
float: left;
}
.mediaObject-body {
overflow: hidden;
}
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The media object
![]()
Lorem Ipsum
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The media variant
.mediaObject-rev > .mediaObject-image {
float: right;
}
// OR
.mediaObject-image-rev {
float: right;
}
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bit.ly/css-mess
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SUIT CSS
by Nicolas Gallagher
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SUIT CSS
• Strict
• Meaningful hyphens
• Utilities
• State
flic.kr/p/aLvmZ
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Components
.ComponentName {
// Pascal case
}
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Sub-components
.ComponentName–subComponent {
// indicated with hyphen
// all one word
// camel case (not pascal)
// preceded with component’s name
}
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Variant
.ComponentName––someVariant {
// indicated with double hyphen
// camel case (not pascal)
// preceded with component’s name
!
}
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Utilities
.u–displayBlock {
// indicated with .u- prefix
// camel case
// verbose
!
}
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Utilities
.u–cf {
// indicated with .u- prefix
// camel case
// verbose*
// can use common abbreviations
}
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State
.ComponentName.is-someState {
// prefixed with .is-
// camel case (not pascal)
// state classes are always overloaded
!
}
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The media object
.MediaObject {
overflow: hidden; //clearfix
}
.MediaObject-image {
float: left;
}
.MediaObject-body {
overflow: hidden;
}
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The media object
![]()
Lorem Ipsum
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The media variant
.MediaObject––rev > .MediaObject-image {
float: right;
}
// OR
.MediaObject–image––rev {
float: right;
}
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Advantages
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Advantages
• planning
• rules
• link code bases
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Avoiding naming clashes
// without a naming convention
.permalink { … }
!
// using a naming convention
.Article-permalink { … }
.Comment-permalink { … }
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Better targeted selectors
.permalink {
font-style: italic
}
.comment .permalink {
font-style: normal
}
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Better targeted selectors
.Article-permalink {
font-style: italic
}
.Comment-permalink {
// unneeded
}
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Using ID selectors kills kittens
(Aside)
flic.kr/p/6T35mX
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So does nesting in Sass.
(Aside)
flic.kr/p/6T35mX
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–Me
“With a well chosen naming convention,
you’re half way to having a CSS Architecture”
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Advantages for Design
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Name components
• brings planning forward
• reenforces it will be a site
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Think components
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Plan for the browser
• look for patterns
• normalise your design
• plan for compromise
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flic.kr/p/4bAYfc
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flic.kr/p/4bAYfc
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Real World Example
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No content
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SUIT CSS changes
.ComponentName { … }
.ComponentName––variant { … }
.ComponentName–subComponent { … }
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SUIT CSS changes
.ComponentName { … }
.ComponentName–Variant { … }
.ComponentName_SubComponent { … }
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CSS Partials
• separated by type
• base: Sass basics
• generic: HTML elements
• utilities
• components
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No content
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Comment.scss
.Comment { … }
.Comment–AuthorComment { … }
.Comment_Meta { … }
.Comment_Name { … }
.Comment_Time { … }
.Comment_Body { … }
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Comment.scss
.Comment {
@include font-size(14/16);
line-height: (24/14);
display: block;
}
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Take homes
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Thank you, any questions?
peterwilson.cc • @pwcc