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@jrbowes Compile Lots, Write Once, Run Anywhere

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@jrbowes Write Once, Run Anywhere

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@jrbowes Write Once, Run Anywhere

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@jrbowes

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@jrbowes

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@jrbowes

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@jrbowes

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@jrbowes

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@jrbowes

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@jrbowes

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@jrbowes

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@jrbowes

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@jrbowes

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@jrbowes

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@jrbowes Good Multi-Platform Distribution ★ Support For Platforms You Care About ★ Simple To Package And Ship ★ No Extra Dependencies ★ Broadly Compatible

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@jrbowes ★ Support For Platforms You Care About $> go tool dist list | column aix/ppc64 dragonfly/amd64 linux/arm64 nacl/amd64p32 openbsd/arm64 android/386 freebsd/386 linux/mips nacl/arm plan9/386 android/amd64 freebsd/amd64 linux/mips64 netbsd/386 plan9/amd64 android/arm freebsd/arm linux/mips64le netbsd/amd64 plan9/arm android/arm64 illumos/amd64 linux/mipsle netbsd/arm solaris/amd64 darwin/386 js/wasm linux/ppc64 netbsd/arm64 windows/386 darwin/amd64 linux/386 linux/ppc64le openbsd/386 windows/amd64 darwin/arm linux/amd64 linux/s390x openbsd/amd64 windows/arm darwin/arm64 linux/arm nacl/386 openbsd/arm

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@jrbowes ★ Support For Platforms You Care About $> go tool dist list | column aix/ppc64 dragonfly/amd64 linux/arm64 nacl/amd64p32 openbsd/arm64 android/386 freebsd/386 linux/mips nacl/arm plan9/386 android/amd64 freebsd/amd64 linux/mips64 netbsd/386 plan9/amd64 android/arm freebsd/arm linux/mips64le netbsd/amd64 plan9/arm android/arm64 illumos/amd64 linux/mipsle netbsd/arm solaris/amd64 darwin/386 js/wasm linux/ppc64 netbsd/arm64 windows/386 darwin/amd64 linux/386 linux/ppc64le openbsd/386 windows/amd64 darwin/arm linux/amd64 linux/s390x openbsd/amd64 windows/arm darwin/arm64 linux/arm nacl/386 openbsd/arm

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@jrbowes ★ Support For Platforms You Care About $> go tool dist list | column aix/ppc64 dragonfly/amd64 linux/arm64 nacl/amd64p32 openbsd/arm64 android/386 freebsd/386 linux/mips nacl/arm plan9/386 android/amd64 freebsd/amd64 linux/mips64 netbsd/386 plan9/amd64 android/arm freebsd/arm linux/mips64le netbsd/amd64 plan9/arm android/arm64 illumos/amd64 linux/mipsle netbsd/arm solaris/amd64 darwin/386 js/wasm linux/ppc64 netbsd/arm64 windows/386 darwin/amd64 linux/386 linux/ppc64le openbsd/386 windows/amd64 darwin/arm linux/amd64 linux/s390x openbsd/amd64 windows/arm darwin/arm64 linux/arm nacl/386 openbsd/arm

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@jrbowes Good Multi-Platform Distribution ★ Support For Platforms You Care About ★ Simple To Package And Ship ★ No Extra Dependencies ★ Broadly Compatible

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@jrbowes Good Multi-Platform Distribution ★ Support For Platforms You Care About ★ Simple To Package And Ship ★ No Extra Dependencies ★ Broadly Compatible

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@jrbowes ★ Simple To Package And Ship

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@jrbowes ★ Simple To Package And Ship $> go build -o mybin .

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@jrbowes ★ Simple To Package And Ship $> go build -o mybin . $> file mybin mybin: Mach-O 64-bit executable x86_64

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@jrbowes ★ Simple To Package And Ship $> go build -o mybin . $> file mybin mybin: Mach-O 64-bit executable x86_64 $> go env | grep -e ARCH= -e OS=

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@jrbowes ★ Simple To Package And Ship $> go build -o mybin . $> file mybin mybin: Mach-O 64-bit executable x86_64 $> go env | grep -e ARCH= -e OS= GOARCH="amd64" GOHOSTARCH="amd64" GOHOSTOS="darwin" GOOS="darwin"

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@jrbowes ★ Simple To Package And Ship

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@jrbowes ★ Simple To Package And Ship $> GOOS=linux GOARCH=386 go build -o mybin .

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@jrbowes ★ Simple To Package And Ship $> GOOS=linux GOARCH=386 go build -o mybin . $> file mybin mybin: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, Intel 80386, version 1 (SYSV), statically linked, Go BuildID=BsI7W6-gfNe589qm79AK/ HNGwNEScRjtQ48lwr1I_/gaYHO-EnYpDZEfeZfj5y/ mucU2QyPI7SKOAIiU0Ip, not stripped

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@jrbowes Use GoReleaser

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@jrbowes Use GoReleaser QR Codes: Created in 1994

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@jrbowes

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@jrbowes

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@jrbowes $> GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 go build -o mybin .

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@jrbowes $> GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 go build -o mybin . $> cat Dockerfile FROM ubuntu ENTRYPOINT ["/mybin"] COPY mybin /

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@jrbowes $> GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 go build -o mybin . $> cat Dockerfile FROM ubuntu ENTRYPOINT ["/mybin"] COPY mybin / $> docker build -t mybin .

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@jrbowes Good Multi-Platform Distribution ★ Support For Platforms You Care About ★ Simple To Package And Ship ★ No Extra Dependencies ★ Broadly Compatible

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@jrbowes Good Multi-Platform Distribution ★ Support For Platforms You Care About ★ Simple To Package And Ship ★ No Extra Dependencies ★ Broadly Compatible

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@jrbowes ★ No Extra Dependencies • Compiles to native code — no interpreter or VM • Statically linked — everything in one binary

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@jrbowes ★ No Extra Dependencies • Compiles to native code — no interpreter or VM • Statically linked — everything in one binary

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@jrbowes Asset Bundling

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@jrbowes Asset Bundling

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@jrbowes Asset Bundling

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@jrbowes Asset Bundling

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@jrbowes Try Pkger

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@jrbowes Try Pkger Mark Bates: Also created in 1994

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@jrbowes Static Compilation

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@jrbowes Static Compilation $> GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 go build -o mybin .

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@jrbowes Static Compilation $> GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 go build -o mybin . $> file mybin

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@jrbowes Static Compilation $> GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 go build -o mybin . $> file mybin mybin: ELF 64-bit LSB executable, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), statically linked, Go BuildID=9o-4CdGfdGNZI6qjvI3f/ NQvS9hSCir0F4HyOUCfA/NPmlomWGgx9zKs2QPYAW/ dOg15syGcYsIpCSJeV6o, not stripped

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@jrbowes Static Compilation $> GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 go build -o mybin . $> file mybin mybin: ELF 64-bit LSB executable, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), statically linked, Go BuildID=9o-4CdGfdGNZI6qjvI3f/ NQvS9hSCir0F4HyOUCfA/NPmlomWGgx9zKs2QPYAW/ dOg15syGcYsIpCSJeV6o, not stripped $> GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 go build -o mybin-native .

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@jrbowes Static Compilation $> GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 go build -o mybin . $> file mybin mybin: ELF 64-bit LSB executable, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), statically linked, Go BuildID=9o-4CdGfdGNZI6qjvI3f/ NQvS9hSCir0F4HyOUCfA/NPmlomWGgx9zKs2QPYAW/ dOg15syGcYsIpCSJeV6o, not stripped $> GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 go build -o mybin-native . $> file mybin-native

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@jrbowes Static Compilation $> GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 go build -o mybin . $> file mybin mybin: ELF 64-bit LSB executable, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), statically linked, Go BuildID=9o-4CdGfdGNZI6qjvI3f/ NQvS9hSCir0F4HyOUCfA/NPmlomWGgx9zKs2QPYAW/ dOg15syGcYsIpCSJeV6o, not stripped $> GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 go build -o mybin-native . $> file mybin-native mybin-native: ELF 64-bit LSB executable, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked, interpreter /lib64/ld-linux- x86-64.so.2, Go BuildID=qUlaMGoOyhvXwZau-GGh/ ItQcRvmsh30mFD0AG_Ze/SDeNJVYSF_TOVHk-06Dt/ BTU4CSv7GAsNuZKMxoIq, not stripped

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@jrbowes Static Compilation $> GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 go build -o mybin . $> file mybin mybin: ELF 64-bit LSB executable, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), statically linked, Go BuildID=9o-4CdGfdGNZI6qjvI3f/ NQvS9hSCir0F4HyOUCfA/NPmlomWGgx9zKs2QPYAW/ dOg15syGcYsIpCSJeV6o, not stripped $> GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 go build -o mybin-native . $> file mybin-native mybin-native: ELF 64-bit LSB executable, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked, interpreter /lib64/ld-linux- x86-64.so.2, Go BuildID=qUlaMGoOyhvXwZau-GGh/ ItQcRvmsh30mFD0AG_Ze/SDeNJVYSF_TOVHk-06Dt/ BTU4CSv7GAsNuZKMxoIq, not stripped

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@jrbowes Static Compilation $> GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 go build -o mybin . $> file mybin mybin: ELF 64-bit LSB executable, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), statically linked, Go BuildID=9o-4CdGfdGNZI6qjvI3f/ NQvS9hSCir0F4HyOUCfA/NPmlomWGgx9zKs2QPYAW/ dOg15syGcYsIpCSJeV6o, not stripped $> GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 go build -o mybin-native . $> file mybin-native mybin-native: ELF 64-bit LSB executable, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked, interpreter /lib64/ld-linux- x86-64.so.2, Go BuildID=qUlaMGoOyhvXwZau-GGh/ ItQcRvmsh30mFD0AG_Ze/SDeNJVYSF_TOVHk-06Dt/ BTU4CSv7GAsNuZKMxoIq, not stripped

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@jrbowes (Not So) Static Compilation $> ldd mybin linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007fff55fd1000) libpthread.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread.so.0 … libc.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 … /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007f9574ffe000)

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@jrbowes (Not So) Static Compilation $> ldd mybin linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007fff55fd1000) libpthread.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread.so.0 … libc.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 … /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007f9574ffe000)

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@jrbowes (Not So) Static Compilation $> ldd mybin linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007fff55fd1000) libpthread.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread.so.0 … libc.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 … /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007f9574ffe000)

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@jrbowes (Not So) Static Compilation $> ldd mybin linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007fff55fd1000) libpthread.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread.so.0 … libc.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 … /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007f9574ffe000)

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@jrbowes (Not So) Static Compilation

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@jrbowes (Not So) Static Compilation $> ./my-bin

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@jrbowes (Not So) Static Compilation $> ./my-bin /bin/sh: ./mybin: not found

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@jrbowes (Not So) Static Compilation $> ./my-bin /bin/sh: ./mybin: not found $> ./not-real

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@jrbowes (Not So) Static Compilation $> ./my-bin /bin/sh: ./mybin: not found $> ./not-real /bin/sh: ./not-real: not found

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@jrbowes (Not So) Static Compilation

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@jrbowes (Not So) Static Compilation $> file mybin

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@jrbowes (Not So) Static Compilation $> file mybin mybin: ELF 64-bit LSB executable, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked, interpreter /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2, Go BuildID=qUlaMGoOyhvXwZau-GGh/ItQcRvmsh30mFD0AG_Ze/ SDeNJVYSF_TOVHk-06Dt/BTU4CSv7GAsNuZKMxoIq, not stripped

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@jrbowes (Not So) Static Compilation $> file mybin mybin: ELF 64-bit LSB executable, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked, interpreter /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2, Go BuildID=qUlaMGoOyhvXwZau-GGh/ItQcRvmsh30mFD0AG_Ze/ SDeNJVYSF_TOVHk-06Dt/BTU4CSv7GAsNuZKMxoIq, not stripped

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@jrbowes Static Compilation “The cgo tool is enabled by default for native builds on systems where it is expected to work.”

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@jrbowes Disable cgo for easier distribution $> CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=linux GOARCH=386 \ go build -o mybin .

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@jrbowes Good Multi-Platform Distribution ★ Support For Platforms You Care About ★ Simple To Package And Ship ★ No Extra Dependencies ★ Broadly Compatible

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@jrbowes Good Multi-Platform Distribution ★ Support For Platforms You Care About ★ Simple To Package And Ship ★ No Extra Dependencies ★ Broadly Compatible

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@jrbowes ★ Broadly Compatible • Consistent behaviour across platforms • Consistent support for features and packages

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@jrbowes ★ Broadly Compatible The bright side of Not Invented Here syndrome

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@jrbowes Platform Specific Logic

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@jrbowes Platform Specific Logic func (c *Certificate) Verify(opts VerifyOptions)(chains [][]*Certificate, err error)

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@jrbowes Platform Specific Logic func (c *Certificate) Verify(opts VerifyOptions)(chains [][]*Certificate, err error) type VerifyOptions struct { DNSName string Intermediates *CertPool Roots *CertPool // if nil, the system roots are used …

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@jrbowes Platform Specific Logic // Use Windows's own verification and chain building. if opts.Roots == nil && runtime.GOOS == "windows" { return c.systemVerify(&opts) }

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@jrbowes Platform Specific Logic // root_unix.go func (c *Certificate) systemVerify(opts *VerifyOptions) (chains [][]*Certificate, err error) { return nil, nil } // root_windows.go // systemVerify is like Verify, except that it uses CryptoAPI calls // to build certificate chains and verify them. func (c *Certificate) systemVerify(opts *VerifyOptions) (chains [][]*Certificate, err error) { hasDNSName := opts != nil && len(opts.DNSName) > 0 storeCtx, err := createStoreContext(c, opts) …

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@jrbowes Build Tags • Implicit: GOOS, GOARCH, go version… • Explicit: go build -tags 'mytag'

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@jrbowes Build Tags // root_unix.go func (c *Certificate) systemVerify(opts *VerifyOptions) (chains [][]*Certificate, err error) { return nil, nil } // root_windows.go // systemVerify is like Verify, except that it uses CryptoAPI calls // to build certificate chains and verify them. func (c *Certificate) systemVerify(opts *VerifyOptions) (chains [][]*Certificate, err error) { hasDNSName := opts != nil && len(opts.DNSName) > 0 storeCtx, err := createStoreContext(c, opts) …

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@jrbowes

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@jrbowes

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@jrbowes Build Tags

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@jrbowes Build Tags // spaces are OR // +build linux solaris

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@jrbowes Build Tags // spaces are OR // +build linux solaris // ! is NOT // +build !darwin

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@jrbowes Build Tags // spaces are OR // +build linux solaris // ! is NOT // +build !darwin // , is AND // +build linux,cgo

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@jrbowes Build Tags // spaces are OR // +build linux solaris // ! is NOT // +build !darwin // , is AND // +build linux,cgo // multi lines are AND // +build linux,darwin // +build cgo

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@jrbowes Build Tags

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@jrbowes Build Tags // +build aix dragonfly freebsd js,wasm linux nacl netbsd openbsd solaris

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@jrbowes Good Multi-Platform Distribution ★ Support For Platforms You Care About ★ Simple To Package And Ship ★ No Extra Dependencies ★ Broadly Compatible

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@jrbowes Good Multi-Platform Distribution ★ Support For Platforms You Care About ★ Simple To Package And Ship ★ No Extra Dependencies ★ Broadly Compatible

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@jrbowes Go: Thumbs up!

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@jrbowes Go: Thumbs up!

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@jrbowes Thank you! FIND ME github.com/jbowes twitter.com/jrbowes manifold.co