コンテナと超個体型データセンターOS

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2 ɾ͘͞ΒΠϯλʔωοτݚڀॴ ্ڃݚڀһ ɾגࣜձࣾGrooves Forkewll ٕज़ސ໰ ɾϖύϘݚڀॴ ٬һݚڀһ ݚڀސ໰ ɾηΩϡϦςΟɾΩϟϯϓߨࢣ ɾ৘ใॲཧֶձ Πϯλʔωοτͱӡ༻ٕज़ݚڀձ ֤छҕһ ɾژ౎େֶത࢜ʢ৘ใֶʣ দຊ྄հ / ·ͭ΋ͱΓʔ / @matsumotory

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3 ɾ͘͞ΒΠϯλʔωοτݚڀॴͷݚڀॴઃܭ ɾίϯηϓτɾϏδϣϯͷઃఆ ɾνʔϜͱͯ͠ͷݚڀ։ൃͷऔΓ૊Έํͷઃܭ ɾ࿦จࣥච΍৘ใऩूͷ࢓૊ΈΛGH:Eͱslack্Ͱ࢓૊ΈԽ ɾݚڀॴϝϯόʔ΍໾ׂͷઃܭ ɾ࠷ۙ͸Serverspecͷmizzy͞Μ΍k8sຊ࡞ऀͷ੨ࢁ͞ΜՃೖ ɾڞಉݚڀ΍ݚڀձͷԼ४උ ݚڀ։ൃҎ֎Ͱ࠷ۙ΍ͬͨ͜ͱ

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4 1. എܠͱ໨త 2. ௒ݸମܕσʔληϯλʔ 3. ίϯςφͱ௒ݸମܕσʔληϯλʔOS 4. ·ͱΊ ໨࣍ ※͜ͷݚڀʹج͍͍ͮͯ·͢: দຊ྄հ, ௶಺༎थ, ٶԼ߶ี, ෼ࢄܕσʔληϯλʔOSΛ໨ࢦͨ͠ϦΞΫςΟϒੑΛ࣋ͭίϯ ςφ࣮ߦج൫ٕज़, ৘ใॲཧֶձݚڀใࠂΠϯλʔωοτͱӡ༻ٕज़ʢIOTʣ, No.2019-IOT-44, Vol.27, pp.1-8, 2018೥3݄.

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1. എܠͱ໨త

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6 େن໛σʔληϯλʔͷूத • σʔληϯλʔͷେن໛Խͱूத • ίϯϐϡʔλϦιʔεͱίετͷޮ཰Խ • Ϋϥ΢υར༻͕͜͜਺೥Ͱਵ෼ͱଅਐ͞Ε͖ͯͨ • ٕज़എܠͷมԽʹ൐ͬͯOSS΍Ϋϥ΢υαʔϏε΋ٸ଎ʹมԽ • ιϑτ΢ΣΞ΍ϕϯμʔʹڧ͘ґଘ͠ͳ͍มԽʹڧ͍ઃܭ͕ٸ຿ • αʔϏεͷػೳͷந৅Խͱૄ݁߹ͳઃܭ͕ීٴ • Ϋϥ΢υωΠςΟϒɾϚϧνΫϥ΢υɾϚΠΫϩαʔϏεԽ

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7 σʔληϯλʔͷूத͔Β෼ࢄ • Ϋϥ΢υΛલఏʹϞϊϦγοΫͳαʔϏεઃܭ͔ΒϚΠΫϩαʔϏεԽ΁ • αʔϏεͷ֤ػೳΛখ͞ͳαʔϏεͱ࣮ͯ͠૷͠gRPC౳Ͱ࿈ܞ • ϚΠΫϩαʔϏε୯ҐͰͷଟ༷ͳνʔϜ։ൃ΍ӡ༻ͷޮ཰Խ • εέʔϦϯά΍ো֐࣌ͷӨڹͷہॴԽ • ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεؒͰͷଳҬෆ଍΍ϨΠςϯγʔͷ௿ݮ͕ٻΊΒΕΔ • େن໛σʔληϯλʔͷڑ཭ʢ౦ژͱੴङؒʣͰ΋ٞ࿦͕ੜ࢝͡ΊΔ • αʔό͚ͩͰͳ͘ηϯαʔ΍σόΠεͷߴ౓Խɾଟ਺ԽʹΑΔଳҬෆ଍

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8 σʔληϯλʔػೳ͕ࣾձʹ༹͚ࠐΉະདྷ • ֤ίϯϐϡʔςΟϯάػೳ͕ݸମͱͯ͠ػೳͭͭ͠૯ମͱͯ͠͸౷཰ • ϥοΫϨϕϧͷίϯϐϡʔλ܈ɼEdge/FogίϯϐϡʔςΟϯάͳͲ • খɾதن໛σʔληϯλʔ͕ϋϒͱͳͬͯ݁Ռతʹશମ͕઀ଓɾߏ੒ • ੜ׆ͷதͰਓʑ͕ίϯϐϡʔλͷΞγετΛৗʹड͚Δ࣌୅Λ໨ࢦ͢ • ͍·͔ͩͭͯͳ͍ϚγϯύϫʔͱΠϯςϦδΣϯεͳػೳΛఏڙ • ࣾձʹ༹͚ࠐΉσʔληϯλʔػೳ͓ΑͼΫϥ΢υͷϚγϯύϫʔ • ௒ݸମܕσʔληϯλʔ͓ΑͼOSͱίϯηϓτΛఆΊΔ

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9 ຊൃද • ௒ݸମܕσʔληϯλʔʹ͓͚ΔίϯηϓτͱϏδϣϯͷ঺հ • ௒ݸମܕσʔληϯλʔOSʹඞཁͳཁ݅ͱ͸ • ݱ࣮తͳWebΞϓϦέʔγϣϯΛѻ͏ίϯςΩετͰ·ͣ͸ݕ౼ • ίϯϐϡʔςΟϯάϦιʔε͕෼ࢄԽͨ͠ࡍͷίϯςφͷ͋Γํ • ηΩϡϦςΟɾੑೳɾߴूੵऩ༰ɾӡ༻ٕज़͔ΒݟΔίϯςφͷະདྷ • ίϯςφͷϦΞΫςΟϒੑͷॏཁੑΛٞ࿦

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2. ௒ݸମܕσʔληϯλʔ

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11 ͘͞ΒΠϯλʔωοτݚڀॴͷϑΥʔΧε T TF T AS T A A P A P R T T T RI V

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12 ݱࡏͷΫϥ΢υ͚ͩͰ໰୊͕ղܾͰ͖ΔΘ͚Ͱ͸ͳ͍ • ΑΓҰ૚ந৅ԽͷਐΜͩΠϯλʔωοτͷ༷૬ͷมԽ • Ϋϥ΢υωΠςΟϒʹΑͬͯ͞ΒͳΔσʔληϯλʔͷڊେԽ • தԝूݖతͳίϯϐϡʔςΟϯάͰ͸೉͍͠έʔε • ϨΠςϯγ͕େ͖ͯ͘൑அ͕ؒʹ߹Θͳ͍ϦΞϧλΠϜ͕ཁٻ͞ΕΔέʔε • ͋Δ͍͸σʔλ͕๲େͰଳҬ͕ෆ଍͢Δέʔε • ࠓޙΫϥ΢υͷϚγϯύϫʔΛͲͷΑ͏ʹ׆༻Ͱ͖ΔੈքΛ໨ࢦ͢΂͖͔ʁ • ͘͞ΒΠϯλʔωοτݚڀॴͷίϯηϓτͱϏδϣϯΛ࠶ఆٛ

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13 ͘͞ΒΠϯλʔωοτݚڀॴͷϏδϣϯ

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௒ݸମܕσʔληϯλʔ

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15 ௒ݸମܕσʔληϯλʔͷ੔ཧ 1. ݱࡏ͸σʔληϯλʔʹڊେͳίϯϐϡʔςΟϯάϦιʔε͕ଘࡏ͍ͯ͠·͕͢ɺ ࠓޙ͸ϨΠςϯγʗηΩϡϦςΟʗίετ౳ͷཁ͔݅Βɺ͋ΒΏΔ৔ॴ΍ࣾձɺ૊ ৫ʹίϯϐϡʔςΟϯάϦιʔε༹͕͚ࠐΜͰ͍͘͜ͱʹͳΓ·͢ɻ 2. ͦΕΒ෼ࢄͨ͠ίϯϐϡʔςΟϯάϦιʔε͸ɺ୯ಠͰίϯϐϡʔςΟϯάύϫʔ Λఏڙ͢Δʹཹ·Βͣɺͦͷ৔ॴ΍ࣾձͷཁٻʹԠͯ͡ɺࣗ཯తʹɺ෼ࢄ͋Δ͍͸ ༗ػతʹ݁߹͠ɺݱ৔ɾΫϥ΢υͦΕͧΕ͕ॎԣʹ݁ͼ͍ͭͨϋΠϒϦουߏ଄Λ ࠾ΔΑ͏ʹػೳ͠·͢ɻ 3. ͜ͷΑ͏ͳγεςϜʹΑΓ࣮ݱ͞ΕΔ΋ͷ͸ɺਓʑͷ਎ۙʹଘࡏ͠ɺϦΞϧλΠϜ ͔ͭΠϯςϦδΣϯεʹϢʔβΛࢧ͑ͳ͕Βɺ͔͠͠ಉ࣌ʹόοΫΤϯυଆ͕༗ػ తʹ݁߹͢Δ͜ͱʹΑΓɺ͔ͭͯͳ͍ϚγϯύϫʔͱϦιʔεྔΛಈһ͢Δ͜ͱͰ ݱ৔࠷ద͔ͭશମ࠷దΛ΋࣮ݱ͢ΔSuper Organized WorldͰ͢ɻ

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3. ίϯςφͱ௒ݸମܕσʔληϯλʔOS

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17 দຊͷઐ໳ྖҬʹ͓͚Δ௒ݸମσʔληϯλʔ • ௒ݸମܕσʔληϯλʔʹ޲͚ͨσʔληϯλʔOSͱίϯςφ • ࣮༻తͳWebAppɼWordPressͱ͔ɼΛ͏·͘ಈ͔͍ͨ͠ͱ͍͏είʔϓ • ComputeͱDataͷ͏ͪCompute-Intensiveʹ·ͣ͸ண໨ • ෼ࢄͨ͠σʔληϯλʔ্ʹಁաతʹ෼ࢄىಈ͢Δίϯςφ܈͕ඞཁ • ߴ౓ʹ෼ࢄͨ͠σʔληϯλʔ্ʹOSͷΑ͏ͳബ͍ϨΠϠʔ͕ඞཁ • ௒ݸମܕσʔληϯλʔOS্ʹϓϩηεͱεϨου͕ଘࡏ

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18 ಁաੑͱίϯςφͷϦΞΫςΟϒੑ • σʔληϯλʔΛಁաత͔ͭ༗ػతʹίϯςφ͕ॲཧΛߦ͏ඞཁ͕͋Δ • ༷ʑͳίϯςφϥϯλΠϜΛϓϩηε΍εϨουͱݟཱͯΔ • ίϯςφ͕ϦΞΫςΟϒʹঢ়ଶΛม͑ΒΕΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δඞཁ͕͋Δ • ࣄલ༧ଌతͰ͸ͳ͘൓ԠతʹΞΫηεมԽͱϦιʔεׂ౰ΛҰகͤ͞Δ • ௒ݸମతʹߴ౓ʹ෼ࢄͨ͠σʔληϯλʔΛލ͍ͩ༗ػతͳ࿈ܞ • ίϯςφؒͷ࿈ܞ΍αʔό΍σʔληϯλʔؒΛߴ଎Ҡಈ͢Δඞཁ͕͋Δ → ίϯςφϥϯλΠϜͷOCIϥϯλΠϜʹؔ࿈ͷਂ͍ཁ݅

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19 ίϯςφ࣌୅ͷWebαʔϏεج൫Ϟσϧ দຊ྄հ, ۙ౻Ӊஐ࿕, ࡾ୐༔հ, ྗ෢݈࣍, ܀ྛ݈ଠ࿠, FastContainer: ࣮ߦ؀ڥͷมԽʹૉૣ͘దԠͰ͖Δ߃ৗੑΛ࣋ͭγεςϜΞʔΩςΫνϟ, Πϯλʔωοτͱӡ༻ٕज़γϯϙδ΢Ϝ2017࿦จूɼ2017ɼ89-97ʢ2017-11-30ʣ, 2017೥12݄. ← ͜͜Λߋʹਂ۷Γ 0SDIFTUSBUJPO-BZFS (,& &$4 .BSBUIPO ,VCFSOFUFT %PDLFS4XBSN 4USBUFHZ-BZFS 3BODIFS 'BTU$POUBJOFS 4FSWJDF-BZFS 8FC"QQMJDBUJPOPS4FSWJDFPO$POUBJOFST *OGSBTUSVDUVSF-BZFS ($1 "[VSF "84 0QFO4UBDL .FTPT #BSF.FUBM -JOVY,JU $POUBJOFS3VOUJNF-BZFS %PDLFS DPOUBJOFSE -9$ )BDPOJXB H7JTPS ,BUB$POUBJOFST $POUBJOFS3VOUJNF*OUFSGBDF $3*

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20 ίϯςφϥϯλΠϜͷϨΠϠʔϞσϧԽ CRI ίϯςφϥϯλΠϜ ϥϯλΠϜ ্هͷΑ͏ʹఆٛ͞ΕΔ͜ͱ͕ଟ͍͕ɺ ίϯςφϥϯλΠϜͷதʹruncͳͲͷ ϥϯλΠϜ͕͋Δͱ͍͏ͷ͸গ͠Θ͔ Γʹ͍͘ɻ CRI CRIϥϯλΠϜ OCI OCIϥϯλΠϜ ίϯςφϥϯλΠϜ ΛϥϯλΠϜͷ໾ׂ ͰϨΠϠʔϞσϧԽ CRIϥϯλΠϜͱOCIϥϯλΠϜͱఆٛ※1ɻ͜ͷ2ͭ ͷϥϯλΠϜΛ·ͱΊͯίϯςφϥϯλΠϜͱ͢Δɻ CRI : Container Runtime Interface OCI: Open Container Initiative Runtime/Image Format Specification ※1 Google CloudͷIan Lewisࢯ͸CRIϥϯλΠϜΛHigh-Level RuntimeɺOCIϥϯλΠϜΛLow-Level Runtimesͱఆٛ https://www.ianlewis.org/en/container-runtimes-part-1-introduction-container-r

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21 ίϯςφपลͷجຊϨΠϠʔϞσϧ ΦʔέετϨʔγϣϯ CRI CRIϥϯλΠϜ OCI OCIϥϯλΠϜ Podͱίϯςφ܈ CRIܦ༝ͰΦʔέετϨʔγϣϯʹجͮ ͖ίϯςφߏ੒৘ใΛड͚औͬͨΓίϯ ςφΠϝʔδΛ؅ཧ͢ΔCRIϥϯλΠϜ ʢcri-oɺcontainerdͳͲʣ ίϯςφͷߏ੒৘ใ΍ΠϝʔδͳͲ͔Β ίϯςφͷϦιʔεׂ౰΍ݖݶ෼཭Λߦͬ ͯίϯςφΛىಈͤ͞ΔOCIϥϯλΠϜ ʢrunCɺrunscɺrunncɺrunVɺkata- runtimeɺcc-runtimeͳͲʣ

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22 ྫɿίϯςφपลͷجຊϨΠϠʔϞσϧ kubelet CRI containerd OCI runC Podͱίϯςφ܈ ίϯςφͷߏ੒৘ใ΍ΠϝʔδͳͲ͔Β ίϯςφͷϦιʔεׂ౰΍ݖݶ෼཭Λߦͬ ͯίϯςφΛىಈͤ͞ΔOCIϥϯλΠϜ ʢrunCɺrunscɺrunncɺrunVɺkata- runtimeɺcc-runtimeͳͲʣ CRIͱOCIʹ४ڌ͍ͯ͠Ε͹ɺ ΦʔέετϨʔγϣϯ૚͸ kubernetesΛ࢖͍ͭͭɺ޷͖ʹ CRIϥϯλΠϜ΍OCIϥϯλΠϜ Λஔ͖׵͑Մೳ CRIܦ༝ͰΦʔέετϨʔγϣϯʹجͮ ͖ίϯςφߏ੒৘ใΛड͚औͬͨΓίϯ ςφΠϝʔδΛ؅ཧ͢ΔCRIϥϯλΠϜ ʢcri-oɺcontainerdͳͲʣ

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23 OCIϥϯλΠϜʹ͓͚ΔPodͱίϯςφ • kubernetes͸ΦʔέετϨʔγϣϯπʔϧͱͯ͠CNCFʹΑΔඪ४Խ͕ਐΉ • ૬ޓʹ઀ଓੑͷ͋Δෳ਺ͷίϯςφΛแׅ͢ΔPod • Podͱ͍͏ۭؒ୯ҐͰίϯςφΛͲͷΑ͏ʹσϓϩΠ͢Δ͔ • PodʹٻΊΒΕΔཁ݅ • ηΩϡϦςΟɾੑೳɾαʔό΁ͷऩ༰ޮ཰ͳͲ • Pod΍ίϯςφͷ࣮ࡍతͳಈ࡞Λ࣮ݱ͢Δͷ͸OCIϥϯλΠϜ • Pod૬౰ͷִ཭ͷઃܭ͕ඇৗʹॏཁͳ࣌୅ʹͳΔ

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5. ·ͱΊ

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25 ௒ݸମܕσʔληϯλʔOSΛ໨ࢦͯ͠ • ௒ݸମܕσʔληϯλʔͷίϯηϓτΛ঺հ • σʔληϯλʔػೳ͕ࣾձʹ༹͚ࠐΈͳ͕ΒΫϥ΢υͷϚγϯύϫʔΛ׆༻ • ۩ମతͳϏδϣϯΛ঺հ • σʔληϯλʔͱίϯςφͷεέδϡʔϦϯάͷ؍఺Ͱٞ࿦ • ϦΞΫςΟϒʹঢ়ଶΛมߋՄೳʹ͢Δॏཁੑʹ͍ͭͯݕ౼ • ίϯςφΛεϨου΍ϓϩηεͱݟཱͯͨ৔߹ͷ෼ྨΛ੔ཧ • Podͷઃܭ͕ίϯςφͷऩ༰ઃܭΛࠨӈ͢ΔॏཁͳϑΝΫλʔ΁

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26 ࠓޙͷ՝୊ͱݕ౼ • OCIϥϯλΠϜͷ෼ྨʹ͓͍ͯߋʹߟ࡯ • ΋ͬͱద੾ͳPodͱίϯςφͷ͋Γํ͕ͳ͍͔ • ूੵ཰ɾੑೳɾηΩϡϦςΟɾ࢖͍΍͢͞ͷόϥϯεΛ͞Βʹݕ౼͢Δ • Podͷىಈͷ଎౓ͱίϯςφͷΞΫηε੍ޚͷੑೳͷόϥϯεΛٞ࿦ • ߴ౓ʹ෼ࢄ͞Εͨίϯςφͷ৘ใΛ؅ཧ͢Δ࿮૊Έͷઃܭͱ࣮૷ • ps΍topίϚϯυͷΑ͏ͳ΋ͷ͔ΒΑΓߴ౓ͳπʔϧ·Ͱ • ϓϩηε΍εϨουͷѻ͍Λศརʹ͢Δ֓೦ͳͲͷݕ౼

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27 ࣍ճ༧ࠂɿOCIϥϯλΠϜΛ΍͍ͬͯ͘