Slide 1
Slide 1 text
Copyright © 2017 Nader Al-Shamma 1
Medical AI & Healthcare Support
Nottingham AI
February 28, 2017
Slide 2
Slide 2 text
Copyright © 2017 Nader Al-Shamma 2
Why Care About Chronic Illness?
Long term chronic disease is one of the
biggest challenges health systems, globally,
will face during the twenty-first century.
Slide 3
Slide 3 text
Copyright © 2017 Nader Al-Shamma 3
What we are dealing with
89% of Deaths
Each Year
~15 Million in
England
12% of
Premature
Deaths
“Tobacco use, physical inactivity,
the harmful use of alcohol and
unhealthy diets all increase the
risk of dying from an NCD.”
*UK Figures
Slide 4
Slide 4 text
Copyright © 2017 Nader Al-Shamma 4
Three Areas of Focus
Diet and Nutrition
Lifestyle and
Self-management
Patient Monitoring
and Insight
Slide 5
Slide 5 text
Copyright © 2017 Nader Al-Shamma 5
Artificial Intelligence and Medicine
●
Researchers have been talking about this since the 1950s
●
Successfully implimented in 1976
●
Research is fosucing on a number of areas including
diagnostics, prognostics and clinical support.
●
Research is looking into specific diseases.
Slide 6
Slide 6 text
Copyright © 2017 Nader Al-Shamma 6
AI in clinical care
Johnson et al. (2016) conducted a thorough review of Machine Learning in critical care
(ICU).
The challenge:
●
Data comes from a variety of different departments
●
Data is often missing or corrupted
●
It’s an environment that lends itself to human error
Conclusion:
●
Machine Learning is effective in gathering, analysing, interpreting and presenting a
wide range of clinical data in a relevant and useable format.
Slide 7
Slide 7 text
Copyright © 2017 Nader Al-Shamma 7
AI in Diagnostic
Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and a Probabilistic Neural
Network (PNN) used to diagnose IBD.
98.31% Rate of Accuracy.
Slide 8
Slide 8 text
Copyright © 2017 Nader Al-Shamma 8
AI in Prognostics
The Fight Aginst Drug Resistant Bacteria.
Hidden Markov and Fuzzy logic can help
determine proper antibiotic dosage.
Slide 9
Slide 9 text
Copyright © 2017 Nader Al-Shamma 9
The Threat of Bacterial Resistance
Slide 10
Slide 10 text
Copyright © 2017 Nader Al-Shamma 10
AI in Healthcare Support
Case Based Reasoniong is being used in the fight against diabetes.
Slide 11
Slide 11 text
Copyright © 2017 Nader Al-Shamma 11
AI in Healthcare Support
AI and the Xbox Kinect helping to treat Parkinson's
Slide 12
Slide 12 text
Copyright © 2017 Nader Al-Shamma 12
Where are we going?
“We are moving towards an era of Cognitive Systems”
Dr Laura Haas, IBM
Future Technology Conference
San Francisco 2016
Slide 13
Slide 13 text
Copyright © 2017 Nader Al-Shamma 13
References:
●
SAIConference, Cognitive Computing - Laura Haas, IBM. 2016.
●
‘WHO | Noncommunicable diseases’, WHO. [Online]. Available: http://www.who.int/nmh/en/. [Accessed: 27-Feb-2017].
●
‘2010 to 2015 government policy: long term health conditions - GOV.UK’. [Online]. Available:
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/2010-to-2015-government-policy-long-term-health-conditions/2010-to-2015-government-
policy-long-term-health-conditions. [Accessed: 27-Feb-2017].
●
‘NHS Outcomes Framework 2016 to 2017 - GOV.UK’. [Online]. Available: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/nhs-outcomes-
framework-2016-to-2017. [Accessed: 27-Feb-2017].
●
‘The Evolution of Bacteria on a “Mega-Plate” Petri Dish (Kishony Lab) - YouTube’. [Online]. Available: https://www.youtube.com/. [Accessed:
28-Feb-2017].
●
A. P. Eremeev and V. N. Vagin, ‘Common Sense Reasoning in Diagnostic Systems’, 2011.
Slide 14
Slide 14 text
Copyright © 2017 Nader Al-Shamma 14
Nader Al-Shamma
Nadershamma.com
@nadershamma
uk.linkedin.com/in/nadershamma