Mackerelにおける Cloud Nativeへの取り組みとチームへ与えた変化 / CloudNative Days Tokyo 2020

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Mackerelʹ͓͚Δ Cloud Native΁ͷऔΓ૊Έͱ νʔϜ΁༩͑ͨมԽ CloudNative Days Tokyo 2020

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ࣗݾ঺հ ● ࠓҪ൏ਓ (id:hayajo_77 / @hayajo) ● גࣜձࣾ͸ͯͳ ● MackerelνʔϜ ● SRE https://developer.hatenastaff.com/entry/2019/06/10/120000

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Mackerel?

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Cloud Nativeͱ͸

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“εέʔϥϒϧͳΞϓϦέʔγϣϯΛߏஙɾ ࣮ߦ͢ΔͨΊͷೳྗΛ૊৫ʹ΋ͨΒ͢” https://github.com/cncf/toc/blob/master/DEFINITION.md

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Cloud NativeΛ࣮ݱ͢Δʹ͸

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2ͭͷΞϓϩʔν͕ඞཁ ● εέʔϥϒϧͳΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷߏங ○ ճ෮ੑɺ؅ཧྗɺՄ؍ଌੑͷ͋ΔγεςϜͷߏங ○ Cloud Native Trail Map, Cloud Native Landscape ● εέʔϥϒϧͳΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷӡ༻ ○ ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷ։ൃɺϦϦʔεɺӡ༻ϑϩʔͷ࣮ફ ○ DevOpsϓϥΫςΟε

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ࠓճͷ͓࿩

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Cloud Native΁ͷऔΓ૊ΈͱνʔϜʹ༩͑ͨӨڹ 1. ίϯςφσβΠϯύλʔϯʹΑΔઃܭ 2. ϞχλϦϯάαΠυΧʔͷ։ൃ 3. OpenTelemetryϥΠϒϥϦͷ։ൃ 4. CI/CDͷߏங 5. Ҡߦ࣌ͷΧφϦΞϦϦʔε 6. SLOΛఆٛ 7. ϚωʔδυαʔϏε΁ͷҠߦ 8. Terraformͷ࠾༻ 9. ো֐ରԠԋश 10. ίϯςφνΣοΫϦετͷ࡞੒ ͦΕͧΕͷऔΓ૊Έ͸ؔ࿈͍͋ͬͯ͠ΔͨΊɺ঺հॱ͸࣮ࡍʹऔΓ૊ΜͩॱংΛ൓ө͍ͯ͠Δ΋ͷͰ͸͋Γ·ͤΜɻ

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1. ίϯςφσβΠϯύλʔϯʹΑΔઃܭ

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1. ίϯςφσβΠϯύλʔϯʹΑΔઃܭ ~΍ͬͨ͜ͱ~ ● ίϯςφԽͨ͜͠ͱͰΞϓϦέʔγϣϯઃܭ͕มԽ ● ίϯςφσβΠϯύλʔϯʹΑΔઃܭΛߦ͏Α͏ʹͳͬͨ ○ αΠυΧʔɺΞϯόαμɺΞμϓλͳͲ ● ίϯςφ୯ҐͰؔ৺Λ෼཭͠ɺσβΠϯύλʔϯʹԊͬͨܗͰػೳ ௥Ճ΍ػೳͷڞ௨Խɺૄ݁߹ԽΛਤͬͨ ○ ؂ࢹػೳΛ௥Ճ͢ΔΤʔδΣϯτ΍ϝοηʔδΩϡʔͱ΍Γͱ Γ͢ΔϓϩΩγͳͲ

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1. ίϯςφσβΠϯύλʔϯʹΑΔઃܭ ~νʔϜʹ༩͑ͨӨڹ~ ● ʮߏஙʯʹ༩͑ͨӨڹ ○ ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷґଘػೳΛίϯςφʹ੾Γग़͢͜ͱͰίʔ υΛγϯϓϧʹͰ͖ͨ ○ ґଘػೳΛ࠶ར༻Մೳͳίϯςφͱͯ͠ϞδϡʔϧԽͰ͖ͨ ● ʮӡ༻ʯʹ༩͑ͨӨڹ ○ ػೳ͝ͱʹϦιʔεΛ෼཭Ͱ͖ɺΞϓϦέʔγϣϯಈ࡞΁ͷӨ ڹΛগͳ͘͢Δ͜ͱ͕Մೳͱͳͬͨ

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2. ϞχλϦϯάαΠυΧʔͷ։ൃ

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2. ϞχλϦϯάαΠυΧʔͷ։ൃ ~΍ͬͨ͜ͱ~ ● ίϯςφͰಈ࡞͢ΔΞϓϦέʔγϣϯΛ؂ࢹ͢Δඞཁ͕͋Δ ○ Ϧιʔεͷར༻ঢ়گ ○ ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ΍ґଘ͢ΔαʔϏεͷϝτϦοΫ ● ઐ༻ͷϞχλϦϯάΤʔδΣϯτΛ։ൃ ● αΠυΧʔίϯςφͱͯ͠σϓϩΠ

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2. ϞχλϦϯάαΠυΧʔͷ։ൃ ~νʔϜʹ༩͑ͨӨڹ~ ● ʮߏஙʯʹ༩͑ͨӨڹ ○ αΠυΧʔʹ͢Δ͜ͱͰΞϓϦέʔγϣϯʹखΛೖΕΔ͜ͱͳ͘؂ࢹ ػೳΛ௥Ճ ○ ӡ༻ΤϯδχΞʹΑͬͯσϓϩΠ͞Εͦͷઃఆʹด͍ͯͨ͡؂ࢹػೳ ͕ɺ։ൃΤϯδχΞͰ΋؆୯ʹ௥ՃՄೳʹͳͬͨ ● ʮӡ༻ʯʹ༩͑ͨӨڹ ○ ؂ࢹઃఆϑΝΠϧΛશ୆ʹ഑෍ɺઃఆ͢Δඞཁ͕ͳ͘ͳͬͨ ○ σϓϩΠϑϩʔ͕ίϯςφͷσϓϩΠʹ౷Ұ͞Εͨ

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3. OpenTelemetryϥΠϒϥϦͷ։ൃ

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3. OpenTelemetryϥΠϒϥϦͷ։ൃ ~΍ͬͨ͜ͱ~ ● ϞχλϦϯάαΠυΧʔ͸ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ֎෦ ͔Βͷܭଌ ● ΑΓৄ͍͠ܭଌ͸ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ಺෦Ͱߦ͏ඞཁ͕͋Δ ○ ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯΛվम͢Δ͜ͱʹͳΔ

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3. OpenTelemetryϥΠϒϥϦͷ։ൃ ~΍ͬͨ͜ͱ~ ● ʰmackerelexporter-goʱ ○ https://github.com/mackerelio-labs/mackerelexporter-go ● ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ಺෦Ͱܭଌ͠ɺͦͷσʔλΛMackerel΁ΤΫε ϙʔτ͢ΔGoϥΠϒϥϦ

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3. OpenTelemetryϥΠϒϥϦͷ։ൃ ~νʔϜʹ༩͑ͨӨڹ~ ● ʮߏஙʯʹ༩͑ͨӨڹ ○ ಛఆͷؔ਺ͷ࣮ߦ࣌ؒͳͲɺΞϓϦέʔγϣϯಈ࡞ʹؔΘΔ (APMͷΑ͏ͳ)ϝτϦοΫͷऔಘ͕༰қʹͳͬͨ ● ʮӡ༻ʯʹ༩͑ͨӨڹ ○ ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ಺෦ͷڍಈʹৄ͘͠ͳ͍ӡ༻ΤϯδχΞͰ΋ ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷৄࡉͳϞχλϦϯά͕࣮૷͠΍͘͢ͳͬͨ

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4. CI/CDͷߏங

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4. CI/CDͷߏங ~΍ͬͨ͜ͱ~ ● ίϯςφӡ༻ʹ߹ΘͤͨCI/CDΛ࠶ߏங ○ ैདྷͷCI/CDπʔϧͷӡ༻ɺڞ௨ج൫ͷσϓϩΠπʔϧ͔Βͷ୤ ٫΋໨తͱͯ͋ͬͨ͠ ● ίϯςφϦϙδτϦΛڥքʹBuildͱReleaseΛ෼͚ͯߟ͑Δ ○ ૄ݁߹ʹ͢Δ͜ͱͰॊೈੑ্͕͕Γπʔϧͷબ୒ࢶ͕޿͕Δ

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4. CI/CDͷߏங ~΍ͬͨ͜ͱ~ ● Build Stage ○ ੒Ռ෺ (ΞʔςΟϑΝΫτ) Λ࡞੒͢Δεςʔδ ○ ςετɺίϯςφΠϝʔδͷϏϧυɺϦϙδτϦ΁ͷPUSH ○ GitHub Actions (or Jenkins) ● Release Stage ○ ੒Ռ෺ΛϦϦʔε͢Δεςʔδ ○ PUSH͞ΕͨίϯςφΠϝʔδͷσϓϩΠ ○ CodePipeline + CodeDeploy

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GitHub GHA or Jenkins Code Pipeline Code Deploy ECS ECR S3 Build Stage Release Stage 4. CI/CDͷߏங ~΍ͬͨ͜ͱ~ Test/Build Push Image Put Metadata Get Metadata Start Deployment Deploy Pull Image

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4. CI/CDͷߏங ~νʔϜʹ༩͑ͨӨڹ~ ● ʮӡ༻ʯʹ༩͑ͨӨڹ ○ CI/CDπʔϧͷӡ༻ෛՙ௿ݮ ○ Blue/GreenσϓϩΠͷ࠾༻ ○ ؆୯ͳϩʔϧόοΫ ○ γϯϓϧͳϦϦʔεखॱͷ࣮ݱ

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5. ҠߦظؒͷΧφϦΞϦϦʔε

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5. ҠߦظؒͷΧφϦΞϦϦʔε ~΍ͬͨ͜ͱ~ ● طଘγεςϜ͔ΒECS΁͸ஈ֊తʹτϥϑΟοΫΛྲྀ༷ͯ͠ࢠΛݟ ͭͭҠߦ͍ͨ͠ ● ALBͷWeightedRoutingΛར༻࣮ͯ͠ݱ ○ Ҡߦର৅ͷALBʹECS༻ͷλʔήοτάϧʔϓΛ࡞੒͠ɺECS λεΫ΁WeightedRouting͢Δ ● σϓϩΠ࣌ʹCodePipelineͷLambdaͰઃఆ

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5. ҠߦظؒͷΧφϦΞϦϦʔε ~΍ͬͨ͜ͱ~ Code Pipeline Code Deploy ECS Lambda ALB TG For EC2 TG For ECS Start Deployment Deploy Run Collect Task IPs Modify Listener Rule Register Task IPs Weighted Routing

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5. ҠߦظؒͷΧφϦΞϦϦʔε ~νʔϜʹ༩͑ͨӨڹ~ ● ʮӡ༻ʯʹ༩͑ͨӨڹ ○ ECSҠߦظؒʹ͓͚ΔϦϦʔεͷϦεΫ͕ݮͬͨ ■ ෆ۩߹͕͋ͬͨ৔߹Ͱ΋ૣ͍ஈ֊Ͱؾͮ͘͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ͨ ■ ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯઃఆΛ੾Γସ͑Δඞཁͳ͘ɺ WeightedRoutingͷൺ཰Λઃఆͯ͠σϓϩΠ͠௚͚ͩ͢Ͱ؆ ୯ʹݩͷঢ়گʹ໭͢͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ͨ

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6. SLOΛఆٛ

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6. SLOΛఆٛ ~΍ͬͨ͜ͱ~ ● SLO(αʔϏεϨϕϧ໨ඪ)Λఆٛ ○ MackerelνʔϜͰ͸SREΛ࣮ફ͓ͯ͠ΓɺνʔϜ಺ͰSLOΛܾΊ ͍ͯΔ ● νʔϜͰ߹ҙͷ্Ͱɺఆྔతͳ൑அʹΑͬͯ։ൃɾӡ༻ΛਐΊΔ͜ͱ ͕Ͱ͖Δ ○ Cloud Native΁ͷҠߦ͸γεςϜͷมߋ͕൐͏ ○ ࣮ӡ༻͍ͯ͠ΔαʔϏεΛ҆৺ͯ͠Cloud NativeʹҠߦ͍ͯ͘͠

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6. SLOΛఆٛ ~νʔϜʹ༩͑ͨมԽ~ ● ʮӡ༻ʯʹ༩͑ͨӨڹ ○ Ҡߦ࣌ͷ੒ޭ཰΍ϨΠςϯγʹΑΔ੾Γ໭͠൑அ ■ ΧφϦΞϦϦʔεͷൺ཰΍੾Γ໭͠ͳͲ ○ ϞχλϦϯά͍ͨ͠ϝτϦοΫ(SLI)͕໌֬ʹͳͬͨ ■ ϞχλϦϯάαΠυΧʔ΍OpenTelemetryͰՄࢹԽ ○ ࠓ·Ͱ঺հͨ͠औΓ૊Έ಺༰ͱSREͷݪଇ͕૬ޓʹ࡞༻ͯ͠ӡ༻ ΛճͤΔΑ͏ʹͳͬͨ

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7. ϚωʔδυαʔϏε΁ͷҠߦ

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7. ϚωʔδυαʔϏε΁ͷҠߦ ~΍ͬͨ͜ͱ~ ● γεςϜશମΛεέʔϥϒϧʹ͢ΔͨΊʹ͸ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ͕ґ ଘ͢Δίϯϙʔωϯτ΋εέʔϥϒϧʹ͢Δඞཁ͕͋Δ ● ࣗલͰߏஙɺӡ༻؅ཧ͍ͯͨ͠ίϯϙʔωϯτΛϚωʔδυαʔϏ ε΁Ҡߦͨ͠

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7. ϚωʔδυαʔϏε΁ͷҠߦ ~΍ͬͨ͜ͱ~ ● ʮAWS Purpose-Built Databases WeekʯͰElastiCache΁ͷҠߦࣄ ྫΛ঺հ ● ʰMackerelͷ࣌ܥྻσʔλϕʔεʹ͓͚ΔRedis Clusterͷར༻ ͱAmazon ElastiCache΁ͷҠߦʹ͍ͭͯʱ ● https://speakerdeck.com/astj/aws-purpose-built-databases-week

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7. ϚωʔδυαʔϏε΁ͷҠߦ ʙ νʔϜʹ༩͑ͨมԽ ʙ ● ʮߏஙʯʹ༩͑ͨӨڹ ○ ෳࡶͳϓϩϏδϣχϯάπʔϧɺσϓϩΠπʔϧ͔Βͷ୤٫ ○ CloudFormation, TerraformͳͲͷϚωʔδυαʔϏεͱ਌࿨ੑͷߴ͍ πʔϧʹΑͬͯߏஙָ͕ʹͳͬͨ ● ʮӡ༻ʯʹ༩͑ͨӨڹ ○ εέʔϥϒϧͰߴՄ༻ͳγεςϜΛ࣮ݱ ○ ؅ཧʹඞཁͳखॱ΍ೳྗ͕গͳ͘ͳͬͨ ○ ΩϟύγςΟϓϥϯχϯά͕΍Γ΍͘͢ͳͬͨ

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8. Terraformͷ࠾༻

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8. Terraformͷ࠾༻ ~΍ͬͨ͜ͱ~ ● ͜Ε·Ͱ͸ෳ਺ͷπʔϧΛ࢖ͬͯΠϯϑϥߏங͍ͯͨ͠ ○ CloudFormation, Chef, CapistranoͳͲ ● ϚωʔδυαʔϏε΁Ҡߦ͢Δ͜ͱͰIaC͠΍͍͢౔୆͕Ͱ͖ͨ ● ϚϧνΫϥ΢υରԠΛߟྀͯ͠TerraformΛ࠾༻ͨ͠

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8. Terraformͷ࠾༻ ~΍ͬͨ͜ͱ~ ● MackerelνʔϜͰͷTerraform׆༻ͷ༷ࢠ͸ʮHashiTalks: Japan 2020ʯͰ঺հ ○ ʰTerraformʹΑΔϓϥΫςΟεͷ഑෍ͱվળʱ ○ https://speakerdeck.com/heleeen/our-best-practice

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8. Terraformͷ࠾༻ ~νʔϜʹ༩͑ͨมԽ~ ● ʮߏஙʯʹ༩͑ͨӨڹ ○ σϓϩΠ·ΘΓ΋ϚωʔδυαʔϏεʹҠߦͨ͜͠ͱͰ։ൃΤϯδχ Ξʹ΋Θ͔Γ΍͍͢ίʔυԽ͕ਐΜͩ ○ ෳ਺ͷ؀ڥͰಉ͡Α͏ʹ࡞੒͢ΔϦιʔεఆٛΛϞδϡʔϧͱͯ͠ڞ ௨Խ͢Δ͜ͱͰߏஙͷෛ୲͕ݮͬͨ ● ʮӡ༻ʯʹ༩͑ͨӨڹ ○ γεςϜߏ੒ΛϦϙδτϦ؅ཧͯ͠։ൃϑϩʔʹࡌͤΔ͜ͱͰɺ։ൃ ΤϯδχΞͰ΋มߋ͠΍͘͢ͳͬͨ

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9. ো֐ରԠԋश

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9. ো֐ରԠԋश ~΍ͬͨ͜ͱ~ ● ίϯςφӡ༻΍ϚωʔδυαʔϏε΁ͷҠߦʹΑΓɺγεςϜͷ؅ ཧɾӡ༻͸༷มΘΓ͖ͯͨ͠ ● ։ൃΤϯδχΞΛަ͑ͯো֐ԋशΛ࣮ࢪ͠ɺΞʔΩςΫνϟͱӡ༻ खॱɺো֐ରԠखॱΛֶͿ͜ͱͰͦͷཧղΛଅਐͨ͠

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9. ো֐ରԠԋश ~΍ͬͨ͜ͱ~ ● ͜Ε·Ͱͷো֐ରԠԋश΁ͷऔΓ૊Έ͸ͪ͜Βͷࢿྉ΋ࢀর ○ ʮϓϩμΫτΛ10೥ӡ༻͢Δ νʔϜΛͭ͘Δʯ ○ https://speakerdeck.com/daiksy/devsumi2020?slide=39

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9. ো֐ରԠԋश ~νʔϜʹ༩͑ͨมԽ~ ● ʮӡ༻ʯʹ༩͑ͨӨڹ ○ ίϯςφԽ΍ϚωʔδυαʔϏεͷར༻ͰɺϦιʔεͷ࠶ߏங खॱ΍ಛఆͷϛυϧ΢ΣΞͷਂ͍஌ࣝͳͲɺҎલʹൺ΂Δͱӡ ༻ʹඞཁͳखॱ΍ೳྗ͕গͳ͘ͳͬͨͱ࣮ײͰ͖ͨ ○ ଐਓੑ͕ഉআ͞ΕͯνʔϜʹ৽͘͠ՃΘͬͨϝϯόʔͷΦϯϘʔ σΟϯά͕εϜʔζʹͳͬͨ

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10. ίϯςφνΣοΫϦετͷ࡞੒

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10. ίϯςφνΣοΫϦετͷ࡞੒ ~΍ͬͨ͜ͱ~ ● ଞνʔϜͰ΋ίϯςφӡ༻΁ͷҠߦ͕૿͖͑ͯͨ ● ͢΂ͯͷνʔϜʹίϯςφӡ༻ʹৄ͍͠ΤϯδχΞ͕͍ΔΘ͚Ͱ͸ ͳ͍ ● ίϯςφӡ༻ͷUnknown unknownsΛͳͨ͘͢ΊɺଞνʔϜͷΤϯ δχΞͱڠྗͯ͠ίϯςφӡ༻ͷ஌ݟΛνΣοΫϦετͱͯ͠·ͱ Ίͨ

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10. ίϯςφνΣοΫϦετͷ࡞੒ ~΍ͬͨ͜ͱ~

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10. ίϯςφνΣοΫϦετͷ࡞੒ ~͜ͷऔΓ૊ΈͰظ଴͢ΔมԽ~ ● ৽نίϯςφӡ༻ʹ޲͚ͨॳಈָ͕ʹͳΔ ● طଘͷίϯςφӡ༻ʹ͓͚Δߟྀ࿙Ε΍࣮ݱϨϕϧΛ֬ೝͰ͖Δ ● ૊৫શମͰCloud NativeʹऔΓ૊Ήʹ͸ɺϊ΢ϋ΢΍ࣄྫΛࣾ಺Ͱڞ ༗͢Δ͜ͱ͕ॏཁ

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νʔϜ΁༩͑ͨมԽͷ·ͱΊ

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ଐਓੑͷഉআ ● औΓ૊ΈΛਐΊΔ͜ͱͰ։ൃΤϯδχΞɺӡ༻ΤϯδχΞͦΕͧΕ ͷྖҬ͕ࣗવʹ͍ۙͮͯΦʔόʔϥοϓ͢Δ෦෼͕૿͖͑ͯͨ ○ ίϯςφσβΠϯύλʔϯʹΑΔઃܭ΍Մ؍ଌੑͷͨΊͷϥΠϒ ϥϦͷ։ൃɺIaCͳͲɺίϯςφΛத৺ͱͨ͠Cloud Nativeπʔ ϧͰ͜ΕΛ࣮ݱ͠΍͘͢ͳ͍ͬͯΔ ● ։ൃ͕εέʔϥϒϧʹͳ͖͍ͬͯͯΔ

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ߏஙɾӡ༻ෛՙͷ௿ݮ ● ϚωδϝϯταʔϏε΁ͷҠߦ΍Cloud Nativeπʔϧͷ׆༻Ͱεέʔ ϥϒϧͳγεςϜͷߏங͕؆୯ʹͳͬͨ ● ίϯςφΛϕʔεͱͨ͠ճ෮ੑͷ͋ΔߴՄ༻ͳγεςϜ΍ϦϦʔε࡞ ۀͷվળʹΑΓɺӡ༻ෛՙ͕௿ݮͨ͠

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Cloud NativeͱSREͷ૬ޓ࡞༻ ● SLOΛఆٛ͢Δ͜ͱͰఆྔతͳ൑அͰ҆৺ͯ͠Cloud NativeΛਐΊΔ ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ ● Cloud NativeΛਐΊΔ͜ͱͰՄ؍ଌੑ͕ߴ·ΓɺSLOͷఆٛΛ࢝Ί ͱͨ͠SREΛ͞Βʹਪਐ͠ɺνʔϜΛεέʔϥϒϧʹͰ͖Δ ● ͦΕͧΕ͕࡞༻͠߹͍ɺੵۃతʹมԽ͍ͯͨ͘͠Ίͷ౔୆͕Ͱ͖ͭ ͭ͋Δ

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·ͱΊ

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·ͱΊ ● Cloud Nativeͷ࣮ݱʹ͸2ͭͷΞϓϩʔν͕ඞཁ ○ εέʔϥϒϧͳΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷߏங ○ εέʔϥϒϧͳΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷӡ༻ ● ྆ํΛ܁Γฦ͠ܧଓͯ͠औΓ૊Ή͜ͱͰνʔϜʹมԽ͕ੜ·ΕΔ ● มԽ͕ੵΈॏͳΔ͜ͱͰCloud NativeͳνʔϜʹͳΔ

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