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Ask your neighbor? 

Digital Shelter 

Internet Governance? Internet governance refers to the rules, policies, standards and practices that coordinate and shape global cyberspace. 

The Internet is a vast network of independently- managed networks, woven together by globally standardized data communication protocols (primarily, Internet Protocol, TCP, UDP, DNS and BGP). 

The common adoption and use of these protocols unified the world of information and communications like never before. 

Millions of digital devices and massive amounts of data, software applications, and electronic services became compatible and interoperable. The Internet created a new environment, a complex and dynamic “cyberspace.” 

While Internet connectivity generated innovative new services, it also created new forms of crime, abuse, surveillance and social conflict. Internet governance is the process whereby cyberspace participants resolve conflicts over these problems and develop a workable order 

So how do governmen ts control internet in Africa? 

By regulating online contents ➢ Electronic and Postal Communications Act in Tanzania (Blogger and Content licenses with $900 per year!) ➢ Excise Duty (Amendment) Bill 2018 in Uganda imposes taxes ($0.05 per day) on usage of social media (Facebook, Twitter & WhatsApp) ➢ Computer Misuse and Cybercrimes Bill in Kenya to police social media activity ➢ Zambia plans to introduce new Cybercrime law in 2020 

By imposing strict cyber laws ❖ In Egypt if you have more than 5,000 followers you will be considered as public websites and therefore worthy of surveillance. ❖ Vietnam's new cyber security law requires companies providing a range of services, including email, social media, video, messaging, banking and e-commerce, to set up offices in Vietnam if they collect, analyze or process personal user data. 

Eritrea’s exceptional measures on access to internet ❖ As low as 6% of Eritreans have a mobile phone and hardly 1% go online (ITU 2012). ❖ Customers must pay at least US$50 to get an active mobile subscription. Then, voice credits cost US$3.65. ❖ Eritreans fulfilling compulsory national service cannot own a mobile phone. 

❖ Despite its coastal location, Eritrea does not have a submarine cable landing station. ❖ Officially, there are 146 fixed broadband subscriptions in the entire country. ❖ Dial-up home access costs US$200 per month. ❖ There are 100 Internet cafes in the country – most have fewer than 10 computers. ❖ An hour of Internet cafe access costs US$1.34 (7 loaves of bread). 

By blocking access to internet ❖ Chad holds the record for the longest complete social media blackout, surpassing one year since March 2018 ❖ Sudan blocked internet for more than 2 months during the uprising earlier this year ❖ Following terror attacks in Sri Lanka, the government blocked all social media for 9 days ❖ Ethiopia shutdown internet entirely in June to combat exam cheating ❖ Wikipedia is completely blocked in Turkey ❖ 8 out of 10 most monitored cities in the world are in China. 

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There was internet outage in Somalia in 2017 for 23 days due to technical problem and it costed the country at least $130million loses 
 

As much as we want strong policy and laws to curb crimes in cyberspace we also need those policies ensure maximum privacy of our data, freedom of speech and free internet (without restriction and disruptions) 

Thank You