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fun with bluetooth

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why?

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progressive 
 web apps

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pwa’s are great !

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full screen offline support add to home screen push notifications

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full screen offline support location camera sensors network add to home screen push notifications

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full screen offline support location camera sensors network add to home screen push notifications

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ethernet 
 & wifi

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wifi

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zigbee?


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ethernet

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runs a webserver use fetch or 
 xmlhttprequest

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[{ "id":"001788fffe100491", "internalipaddress":"192.168.2.23", "macaddress":"00:17:88:10:04:91", "name":"Philips Hue" }, { "id":"001788fffe09a168", "internalipaddress":"192.168.88.252" }, https://www.meethue.com/api/nupnp 1

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1 0 http://192.168.2.23:80/ urn:schemas-upnp-org:device:Basic:1Philips hue (192.168.2.23) Royal Philips Electronics http://192.168.2.23/description.xml 2

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http://192.168.2.23/api
 {"devicetype": "hue_pwa#pixel_xl"} 3 [{"success":{"username": "........"}}] User presses physical button on the hub *click* save to local storage

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4 { "1": { "state": { "on": true, "bri": 144, "hue": 13088, "sat": 212, "xy": [0.5128,0.4147], "ct": 467, "alert": "none", http://192.168.2.23/api/......../lights

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http://192.168.2.23/api/......../lights/1/state
 { "hue": 50000, "on": true, "bri": 200 } 5 [ {"success":{"/lights/1/state/bri":200}}, {"success":{"/lights/1/state/on":true}}, {"success":{"/lights/1/state/hue":50000}}

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*click* *click* *reload* *click*

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this does 
 not work !

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https only http only no certificate 
 for you

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= network use remote api’s ≠ access to local devices

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hue remote api Also allow control from 
 outside the local network

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We are currently preparing for release of this remote API which will initially be available to a limited number of partners. “ — Philips

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We are currently preparing for release of this remote API which will initially be available to a limited number of partners. “ — Philips two years ago very not yet

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fun with bluetooth problems local networks

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fun with bluetooth

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bluetooth sucks

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classic bluetooth the reason everybody 
 hates bluetooth bluetooth low energy vs. control drones and other cool shit

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bluetooth low energy also known as BLE Bluetooth LE Bluetooth Smart Bluetooth 4

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playbulb sphere playbulb

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spherio bb-8

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parrot mini drone

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activity tracker

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the boring theoretical stuff

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central peripheral

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central

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generic attribute profile gatt, because gap was already taken

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central peripheral client server

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§ i device information light multiple services per device

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i device information battery flight control

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i device information battery steering control

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i device information battery heart rate

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heart rate i device information battery

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i device information battery heart rate

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i device information manufacturer model number serial number hardware revision firmware revision software revision ... multiple characteristics 
 per service

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server service characteristic value array of objects object property value

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services and characteristics are identified by uuid’s 16 bit or 128 bit

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0x180A 0000180A-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB 16 bit 128 bit i device information

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0x180F 0000180F-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB 16 bit 128 bit battery

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not recommended any UUID outside of the range
 xxxxxxxx-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB 16 bit 128 bit light steering control flight c still, everybody does this

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i device information manufacturer model number serial number hardware revision firmware revision software revision ...

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i 0x180A 0x2A29 0x2A24 0x2A25 0x2A27 0x2A26 0x2A28 ... bad for readability, 
 good for saving bandwidth

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read write write without response notify each characteristic supports one or more of these

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every value is an array of bytes no fancy datatypes, just bytes

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pfew...

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No content

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fun with bluetooth boring facts
 about

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fun with bluetooth

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web
 bluetooth api still not the fun part :-(

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connecting to a device

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navigator.bluetooth.requestDevice({ filters: [ { namePrefix: 'PLAYBULB' } ], optionalServices: [ 0xff0f ] }) .then(device => device.gatt.connect()) .then(server => server.getPrimaryService(0xff0f)) .then(service => service.getCharacteristic(0xfffc)) .then(characteristic => { return characteristic.writeValue( new Uint8Array([ 0x00, r, g, b ]) ); }) 1 we tell the browser what 
 kind of device we want

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the user selects the actual device

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navigator.bluetooth.requestDevice({ filters: [ { namePrefix: 'PLAYBULB' } ], optionalServices: [ 0xff0f ] }) .then(device => device.gatt.connect()) .then(server => server.getPrimaryService(0xff0f)) .then(service => service.getCharacteristic(0xfffc)) .then(characteristic => { return characteristic.writeValue( new Uint8Array([ 0x00, r, g, b ]) ); }) 2 connect to the server

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navigator.bluetooth.requestDevice({ filters: [ { namePrefix: 'PLAYBULB' } ], optionalServices: [ 0xff0f ] }) .then(device => device.gatt.connect()) .then(server => server.getPrimaryService(0xff0f)) .then(service => service.getCharacteristic(0xfffc)) .then(characteristic => { return characteristic.writeValue( new Uint8Array([ 0x00, r, g, b ]) ); }) 3 get the service

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navigator.bluetooth.requestDevice({ filters: [ { namePrefix: 'PLAYBULB' } ], optionalServices: [ 0xff0f ] }) .then(device => device.gatt.connect()) .then(server => server.getPrimaryService(0xff0f)) .then(service => service.getCharacteristic(0xfffc)) .then(characteristic => { return characteristic.writeValue( new Uint8Array([ 0x00, r, g, b ]) ); }) 4 get the characteristic

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writing data

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navigator.bluetooth.requestDevice({ ... }) .then(device => device.gatt.connect()) .then(server => server.getPrimaryService(0xff0f)) .then(service => service.getCharacteristic(0xfffc)) .then(c => { return c.writeValue( new Uint8Array([ 0x00, r, g, b ]) ); }) write some bytes

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reading data

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navigator.bluetooth.requestDevice({ ... }) .then(device => device.gatt.connect()) .then(server => server.getPrimaryService(0xff0f)) .then(service => service.getCharacteristic(0xfffc)) .then(c => c.readValue()) .then(value => { let r = value.getUint8(1); let g = value.getUint8(2); let b = value.getUint8(3); }) read some bytes

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get notified of changes

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navigator.bluetooth.requestDevice({ ... }) .then(device => device.gatt.connect()) .then(server => server.getPrimaryService(0xff0f)) .then(service => service.getCharacteristic(0xfffc)) .then(c => { c.addEventListener('characteristicvaluechanged', e => { let r = e.target.value.getUint8(1); let g = e.target.value.getUint8(2); let b = e.target.value.getUint8(3); }); c.startNotifications(); }) add event listener don't forget to start listening

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things you need to know: • the webbluetooth api • promises • typed arrays duh!

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browser support Chrome Opera Samsung
 (behind flag) Servo
 (soon)

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browser support Chrome Opera Samsung
 (behind flag) kinda works Servo
 (soon) WebBLE
 for iOS

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custom characteristics. wtf!

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writing a value: function(r, g, b) { return new Uint8Array([ 0x00, r, g, b ]); } reading a value: function(buffer) { return { 
 r: buffer.getUint8(1), 
 g: buffer.getUint8(2), 
 b: buffer.getUint8(3) 
 } } writing to and reading
 from the same characteristic

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writing a value: function(r, g, b) { return new Uint8Array([ 0x01, g, 0x01, 0x00, 0x01, 
 b, 0x01, r, 0x01, 0x00 
 ]); } reading the current 
 color is not possible

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writing a value: 
 function(r, g, b) { var buffer = new Uint8Array([ 
 0xaa, 0x0a, 0xfc, 0x3a, 0x86, 0x01, 0x0d, 
 0x06, 0x01, r, g, b, 0x00, 0x00, 
 (Math.random() * 1000) & 0xff, 0x55, 0x0d 
 ]); for (var i = 1; i < buffer.length - 2; i++) { buffer[15] += buffer[i]; } return buffer; } reading the current 
 color is not possible

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reading a value: add event listener write a specific value get the event with the color 1 2 3 service 0xffe0
 characteristic 0xffe4 service 0xffe5
 characteristic 0xffe9

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demo finally the fun part

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warning experimental technology
 setting low expectations

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warning wifi interference
 lowering them even further

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No content

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https:/ /bulb.blue/tooth/
 https:/ /github.com/NielsLeenheer/BluetoothBulb change the colour 
 of a lightbulb

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https:/ /bricks.blue/tooth/ https:/ /github.com/NielsLeenheer/BluetoothRacer control a lego racer 
 using a gamepad use css animations to 
 define a path

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https:/ /webdr.one
 https:/ /github.com/poshaughnessy/web-bluetooth-parrot-drone control a drone 
 from your browser

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https:/ /pulse.blue/tooth/
 https:/ /github.com/NielsLeenheer/BluetoothPulse find out your 
 current heartbeat

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physical web

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battery lasts years beacon really small

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broadcast the url
 of a web app easy to open from 
 the home screen

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coming soon automatic web bluetooth
 connection

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taking it one step further

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runs javascript physical web beacon supports 
 web bluetooth api has a button

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peripheral
 mode

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central
 mode

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No content

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fun with bluetooth !

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questions? @html5test