All About Elasticsearch Language Clients Honza Král Karel Minařík Zachary Tong 

The motivation, the design process and the architecture behind the official clients for Elasticsearch. 

{ } The Motivation Clients are part of the experience Fragmentation and inconsistency Solving the same problems over and over again Lack of support for the full breadth of Elasticsearch's APIs Different assumptions about exposing the APIs 

{ } Exhibit A: The Tire client for Ruby Incomplete support for query and filter types Mixing together a Ruby API and Rails integration Still widely used and liked 

{ } Design Principles “Nobody should have a reason to not use the client” We have no opinions Respect the language 

{ } The Groundwork The specification of the Elasticsearch REST API The common integration test suite 

{ } The REST API Specification Describes the HTTP methods, the URL parts, allowed parameters, documentation links for every API Now part of the core Elasticsearch repository A communication tool 

{ "index": { "documentation": "http://www.elasticsearch.org/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/ "methods": ["POST", "PUT"], "url": { "path": "/{index}/{type}", "paths": ["/{index}/{type}", "/{index}/{type}/{id}"], "parts": { "id": { "type" : "string", "description" : "Document ID" }, "index": { "type" : "string", "required" : true, "description" : "The name of the index" }, "type": { https://github.com/elasticsearch/elasticsearch/blob/master/rest-api-spec/api/index.json 

{ } client.index index: 'my_index', type: 'my_type', id: '1', body: { title: 'Hello World!' } Ruby 

{ } client.index( index='my_index', doc_type='my_type', id=1, body={'title':'Hello World!'} ) Python 

{ } $client->index([ 'index' => 'my_index', 'type' => 'my_type', 'id' => 1, 'body' => [ 'title' => 'Hello World!' ] ]); PHP 

{ } $client->index( index => 'my_index', type => 'my_type', id => 1, body => { title => "Hello World!" } ); Perl 

{ } client.index({ index: 'myindex', type: 'mytype', id: '1', body: { title: 'Hello World!' } }) .then(function (response) { //... }) .catch(function (error) { //... }); JavaScript 

{ } client.Index("my_index", "my_type", "1", new { title = "Hello World!" } ); C# 

{ } Namespaced APIs Logical groups for the API client.cluster.health client->cluster->health() client.indices.create client->indices->create() 

{ } The Common Integration Test Suite Verification of the specification “contract” YAML-based notation xUnit concepts, tailored to use-case “Runners” implemented in client languages Core developers contribute the tests Continuous integration 

setup: - do: index: index: test type: test id: testing_document body: body: Amsterdam meetup - do: indices.refresh: {} --- "Basic tests for suggest API": - do: suggest: body: test_suggestion: text: "The Amsterdma meetpu" term: field: body - match: {test_suggestion.1.options.0.text: amsterdam} https://github.com/elasticsearch/elasticsearch/blob/master/rest-api-spec/test/suggest/10_basic.yaml 

{ } The Implementation Sketch Ruby and Python “Enough differences” to notice language peculiarities Working in parallel Blueprint for all languages 

{ } The Implementation Sketch Focus on functionality and naming, not abstractions Easy to change and reason about Working code — no room for elaborate diagrams, endless speculation or abstract discussions 

CONNECTION CONNECTION HTTP LIBRARY 3 HTTP LIBRARY 2 … CLIENT High Level Architecture TRANSPORT CONNECTION POOL SELECTOR CONNECTION RANDOM ROUND ROBIN SNIFFER HTTP LIBRARY 1 

{ } Tracer client = Elasticsearch::Client.new trace: true client.index index: 'my_index', type: 'my_type', id: '1', body: { title: 'Hello World!' } curl -X PUT 'http://localhost:9200/my_index/my_type/1?pretty' -d '{ "title":"Hello World!" }' # 2015-03-10T07:55:37-07:00 [201] (0.270s) # # { # "_index":"my_index", # "_type":"my_type", # "_id":"1", # "_version":1, # "created":true # # } 

{ } Selector Customization for different cluster topologies The “local rack” selector “Sticky sessions“ in PHP 

{ } current]->isAlive()) { return $connections[$this->current]; } $this->currentCounter += 1; $this->current = $this->currentCounter % count($connections); return $connections[$this->current]; } } ?> https://github.com/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-php/blob/master/src/Elasticsearch/ConnectionPool/Selectors/StickyRoundRobinSelector.php 

{ } Sniffer Make use of the Elasticsearch's dynamic nature Reuse the cluster state information Add and remove nodes dynamically Reload nodes list on failure or periodically 

{ } from elasticsearch import Elasticsearch es = Elasticsearch( # sniff before doing anything sniff_on_start=True, # refresh nodes after a node fails to respond sniff_on_connection_fail=True, # and also every 60 seconds sniffer_timeout=60 ) https://www.elastic.co/webinars/the-why-and-what-about-python 

{ } randomize_hosts By default, the client round-robins across the node list Prevent the “sequential load” effect in multi-process/ threaded environment Why not [host1, host2].shuffle ? Educate users about this fact and increase usability 

An Elasticsearch client is much more than “just HTTP and JSON” wrapper 

“Nobody should have a reason to not use the client” 

{ } Thank you! Questions! 

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