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CSS
W E B A S S E M B LY- D R I V E N
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VITALII BOBROV
• Lead FE Engineer @ EPAM Poland
• Perf and CSS fan
• @AngularWroclaw organizer
@bobrov1989
https://bobrov.dev
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WebAssembly-Driven
W H AT D O E S I T M E A N ?
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https://bobrov.dev/css-paint-demos/game-of-life/
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WA S M U S E D F O R T H E S TAT E U P D AT E
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No content
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A N E W F I E L D F O R E X P E R I M E N T S I S O P E N
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CONCEPT OVERVIEW
Paint API
Worklet
V I E W
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CONCEPT OVERVIEW
Main-Thread
JavaScript
Paint API
Worklet
properties
V I E W
C O N TA I N E R
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CONCEPT OVERVIEW
Main-Thread
JavaScript
Paint API
Worklet
WebAssembly
Module
properties
update
V I E W
C O N TA I N E R
S TAT E
M A N A G E R
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CONCEPT OVERVIEW
Main-Thread
JavaScript
Paint API
Worklet
WebAssembly
Module
properties
state
update
V I E W
C O N TA I N E R
S TAT E
M A N A G E R
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I T R E M I N D S S O M E T H I N G …
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PAINT API
H O U D I N I
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CSS PROPS ACCEPTING IMAGES
• background-image
• border-image
• list style image
• custom properties ![]()
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HOW TO IMPLEMENT
• Define a paint class in a separate file
• Load worklet module
• Use paint() CSS function as a value for image
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PAINT WORKLET CLASS
class Painter {
paint(ctx, geom, props, args) {}
}
registerPaint('my-painter', Painter);
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PAINT WORKLET CLASS
class Painter {
static get inputProperties() {
return ['--custom-palette', 'color'];
}
paint(ctx, geom, props, args) {}
}
registerPaint('my-painter', Painter);
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PAINT WORKLET CLASS
class Painter {
static get inputProperties() {
return ['--custom-palette', 'color'];
}
static get inputArguments() {
return ['', ''];
}
paint(ctx, geom, props, args) {}
}
registerPaint('my-painter', Painter);
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LOAD WORKLET MODULE
if ('paintWorklet' in CSS) {
CSS.paintWorklet.addModule('paint.js');
} else {
// Optionally provide a fallback.
}
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USE PAINT() FUNCTION IN CSS
.paint-container {
background: #000;
background: paint(my-painter);
}
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USE PAINT() FUNCTION IN CSS
.paint-container {
--custom-palette: #333;
color: #fff;
background: #000;
background: paint(my-painter);
}
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USE PAINT() FUNCTION IN CSS
.paint-container {
--custom-palette: #333;
color: #fff;
background: #000;
background: paint(my-painter, 2, 25%);
}
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https://bobrov.dev/css-paint-demos/star-rating/
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https://bobrov.dev/css-paint-demos/qr-code/
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BENEFITS
• Possible to run in a separate thread
• Draw whatever you want using 2D Canvas
• Renders only when needed
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MATERIAL BACKGROUND
C S S PA I N T I M A G E
VS
https://vitaliy-bobrov.github.io/css-paint-demos/md-bg/
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MATERIAL BACKGROUND
C S S PA I N T I M A G E
VS
https://vitaliy-bobrov.github.io/css-paint-demos/md-bg/
813 B 2.39 KB
worklet file only
few bytes of CSS + init JS
compressed JPEG
cropped for mobile
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JS IN CSS
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https://bobrov.dev/css-paint-demos/bar-js-in-css/
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J S O N D ATA F O R C H A R T I N C S S
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J AVA S C R I P T I N C S S T O R E N D E R C S S
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I S C S S A P R O G R A M M I N G L A N G U A G E T H E N ?
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CUSTOM
PROPERTIES & VALUES API
H O U D I N I
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CUSTOM PROPERTY
.parent {
--font-color: #fff;
}
.child {
color: var(--font-color);
}
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CUSTOM PROPERTY
.parent {
--font-color: #fff;
}
.child {
--font-color: #000;
color: var(--font-color);
}
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CUSTOM PROPERTY
.parent {
--font-color: #fff;
}
.child {
--font-color: #000;
color: var(--font-color, #333);
}
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H O W T O A N I M AT E A S T R I N G T O A N O T H E R S T R I N G ?
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CSS TYPES
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REGISTER CUSTOM PROPERTY
if ('registerProperty' in CSS) {
CSS.registerProperty({
name: '--font-color',
syntax: '',
inherits: false,
initialValue: '#cccccc'
});
}
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B U T S H U N T I T B E D E C L A R E D I N C S S ?
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REGISTER CUSTOM PROPERTY
@property --font-color {
syntax: '';
initial-value: #cccccc;
inherits: false;
}
https://github.com/vitaliy-bobrov/postcss-register-custom-props
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https://css-houdini.rocks/animating-gradient
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UPDATE & RENDER
REQUEST
J AVA S C R I P T
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UPDATE CUSTOM PROPERTY
element.style
.setProperty(‘--font-color', '#fff');
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LOAD WASM & REQUEST A NEW STATE
import { Universe } from 'wasm-game-of-life';
const renderLoop = (now) => {
universe.tick();
const cellsPtr = universe.cells();
const cells = new Uint8Array(
memory.buffer,
cellsPtr,
width * height
);
requestAnimationFrame(renderLoop);
};
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STATE MANAGEMENT
W E B A S S E M B LY
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WASM - BINARY INSTRUCTION
FORMAT FOR A STACK-BASED VM
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AVAILABLE OPTIONS
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ONLY NUMBERS
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LINEAR MEMORY
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CONCEPT RECAP
Main-Thread
JavaScript
Paint API
Worklet
WebAssembly
Module
properties
state
update
V I E W
C O N TA I N E R
S TAT E
M A N A G E R
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THANK YOU
U S E WA S M P O W E R F O R C S S A R T
@bobrov1989
https://bobrov.dev
Illustrations by cdd20 https://pixabay.com/users/cdd20-1193381