Benjamin Zores 6th February 2011 FOSDEM, Brussels Introduction to OpenBricks: an Embedded Linux Framework 

Enterprise-grade embedded Linux framework and build system. For easy and custom Linux distribution bring-up. Runs on a wide variety of hardware. For rapid prototyping or full-blown product development. • “Hum, seems like I’ve already heard about that ... So how is it different from … ?” What is OpenBricks ? B. Zores – FOSDEM 2011 

2011 Embedded Linux build systems: • OpenEmbedded (Angström, Poky, Yocto, ...) • Buildroot • OpenWRT • T2 SDE • Linux Target Image Builder (LTIB) • “Professional”: Windriver, Montavista, Mentor Graphics … • And now OpenBricks ?? • More details in a further talk, but in the mean time: http://tinyurl.com/EmbeddedLinuxBuildSystems State of the Art B. Zores – FOSDEM 2011 

Because Google’s Android is not the perfect embedded OS. History: • OpenBricks “brand” in itself was founded in Oct. 2010. • But came as an extension to the GeeXboX project - © 2002. • Inherited toolchain and philosophy, but designed to be more versatile. • Now used as custom build framework for GeeXboX OS. Each build system has pros and cons, but projects all have very different philosophies. • So it’s not exactly new … So why yet another build system in 2011 ? B. Zores – FOSDEM 2011 

Embedded Linux build framework for individuals and/or enterprises for either easy prototyping or full-blown products development. Replaces traditional BSPs with a fine-grained package tuning ability (through kconfig interface). Support for x86, ARM, PowerPC and MIPS architectures with reference boards optimizations. Brings up low-level system and features major applicative frameworks (Qt, EFL, GTK, SDL) for developers to only focus on end-user applications. Multimedia-oriented but with general purpose: • Currently sustains the GeeXboX STB OS project. • But allow you to build your unique one too … The 5 minutes Overview B. Zores – FOSDEM 2011 

x86 (32/64 bits): from generic builds to custom ATOM/ION optimized ones. PowerPC (32/64 bits) MIPS (32 bits) ARM: • ARM9 (e.g. Marvell Kirkwood …) • ARM11 (e.g. Broadcom BCM11107 Persona family …) • Cortex A8 / A9 (e.g. TI OMAP3, TI OMAP4, nVidia Tegra250 …) With known reference boards optimizations: Beagleboard, IGEPv2, Touchbook, Pandaboard … Much more to be expected: Freescale i.MX, Qualcomm SnapDragon, Marvell Armada, Intel CE4xxx … Supported Architectures B. Zores – FOSDEM 2011 

Supported Languages: • Shell, C, C++, Python, Perl, Lua, Vala Supported Frameworks: • Nokia Qt 4.7.1 with support for: • Webkit • QtMobility • QtDeclarative / QML • Enlightenment EFL 1.0 • GTK+ 2.22 • SDL Simple DirectMedia Layer 1.2 Applicative Features B. Zores – FOSDEM 2011 

Native framebuffer interface. Accelerated DirectFB engine. Accelerated X11 Infrastructure. Support for Khronos group standards: • EGL Native Platform Graphics Interface • Desktop OpenGL 3.0 • Embedded OpenGL|ES 2.1 • Embedded OpenVG 1.0 • Provided either by Mesa or by manufacturer’s binary blobs. Multimedia Features - Graphics B. Zores – FOSDEM 2011 

Audio Frameworks: • ALSA, PulseAudio Software Video Frameworks: • SMP-optimized FFmpeg decoders. Hardware Video Frameworks: • Khronos OpenMAX (OMAP3, OMAP4, Tegra2). • nVidia VDPAU (x86 with nVidia GeForce GPU). • Freedesktop VA-API (x86 with Intel or ATI GPUs). • Broadcom CrystalHD (BCM 70012/70015 chips). • Other native SoC acceleration (OMAP3, OMAP4). Multimedia Features - Audio/Video B. Zores – FOSDEM 2011 

Frameworks and Players: • MPlayer, Xine, GStreamer, VLC • libplayer Audio/Video abstraction framework Media Center frontends: • XBMC • Video Disk Recorder (VDR) • Enna • HTS Showtime • Nokia QtMediaHub • MythTV Multimedia Features - Applications B. Zores – FOSDEM 2011 

Fully POSIX shell scripts based: • Easy understanding, hacking and maintenance ... • … at least much more than obfuscated Makefiles or Python stuff ;-) Does not require any externals tools or environment. • Required host build tools and packages are built along the way. • Cross-Compilation Safety and Robustness • Triggers GCC internal errors on -I/usr/include and -L/usr/lib Fully customizable: • Supports customized distribution flavours pre-generated configurations. • Complete standalone package/feature selection through Kconfig interface. • Per-package fine-tuning through use flags (similar to Gentoo). Features per-package metadata rules for abstracted in/out. With more than 550 supported packages. Build System Overview B. Zores – FOSDEM 2011 

Support for multiple GCC-based cross-compilers: • OpenBricks multi-architectures native one. • Linaro for ARM. • CodeSourcery for ARM. • Support for multiple C libraries: • GNU libc (glibc) • Embedded GLIBC (eGlibc). This is default one ! • uClibc • klibc (for early ramdisk bits). Do your own mix ! Toolchain Overview B. Zores – FOSDEM 2011 

Up to 3-levels of hardware configuration tuning: • Architecture (e.g. ARM, x86 …) • Platform (e.g generic, OMAP3, OMAP4 …) • Machine (e.g. generic, Beagleboard, IGEPv2 …) • The deeper, the more optimized (footprint, selected packages …), but the less portable … -> it’s up to you to choose depending on your needs ! Automatic package inter-dependencies selection and build process. Support for per arch/platform/machine package overlay. Configuration Overview (1/2) B. Zores – FOSDEM 2011 

Features fine-tuning through “use flags” (similar to Gentoo): • Conditionally build specific features. • Enable flags per-package or system-wide. • You can also have package-specific flags. • Infinite number of them … Pre-determined packages subset, a.k.a. build flavours: • Minimalist base bootable system. • GeeXboX MediaCenter-oriented distribution. • Add your own distro here ! Configuration Overview (2/2) B. Zores – FOSDEM 2011 

Bleeding-edge packages: latest stable package version policy. Support for arch/platform/machine specific package overlay (sources, patches …). Modern user-space: systemd, udev, D-Bus, connman … Stuff gets packaged into low-resources OPKG packages. Multiple OPK build residue: runtime, devel, debug. Multiple target system delivery forms: • Flashable disk images: JFFS2, UBIFS, EXT 2/3/4. • x86 LiveCD (ISO) and network (PXE) bootable images. • Flat root filesystem • Virtual machines images: QEMU, VMware Key Build Framework Features B. Zores – FOSDEM 2011 

Files Structure: • build: cross-build rules • install: installation rules for target (optional) • installdev: installation rules for host toolchain (optional) • meta: metadata, use flags and package description. • unit (optional) • package.service: systemd service. • patches (optional) • 01_fix.diff • 02_feature.diff • series (optional) Package Description Template B. Zores – FOSDEM 2011 

● Metadata description: PKG_NAME=syslink PKG_VERSION=0.24.9.2 PKG_URL="$DISTRO_SRCS/tisyslink-${PKG_VERSION}.tar.bz2" PKG_REV=1 PKG_DEPENDS="$TARGET_LIBC tiler" PKG_BUILD_DEPENDS="toolchain" PKG_PRIORITY=optional PKG_SECTION=libs PKG_SHORTDESC="TI OMAP4 SysLink DSP interface" PKG_LONGDESC="SysLink is the next generation IPC driver developed for OMAP4 and beyond. SysLink is an evolution of both the previous-generation IPC drivers - DSPBridge and DSPLink." “Simple” package example: syslink (1/4) B. Zores – FOSDEM 2011 

Build Rules: #!/bin/sh . config/options cd $BUILD/$1* do_configure \ --disable-debug \ make make_install “Simple” package example: syslink (2/4) B. Zores – FOSDEM 2011 

Toolchain installation files rules (dev opk file): do_installdev usr/include do_installdev usr/lib Runtime target installation files rules (runtime + dbg opk file): do_install usr/bin/syslink_daemon.out do_install usr/lib/libipc.so* do_install usr/lib/libipcutils.so* do_install usr/lib/libomap4430proc.so* do_install usr/lib/libprocmgr.so* do_install usr/lib/librcm.so* do_install usr/lib/libsyslinknotify.so* do_install usr/lib/libsysmgr.so* “Simple” package example: syslink (3/4) B. Zores – FOSDEM 2011 

SystemD Service: [Unit] Description=Ducati Syslink daemon ConditionPathExists=/etc/syslink.conf After=syslog.target [Service] EnvironmentFile=/etc/syslink.conf Type=forking ExecStart=/usr/bin/syslink_daemon.out $SYSM3_IMAGE $APPM3_IMAGE Restart=always [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target “Simple” package example: syslink (4/4) B. Zores – FOSDEM 2011 

Metadata description: PKG_NAME=libplayer PKG_VERSION=2.0.1 PKG_URL="http://libplayer.geexbox.org/releases/libplayer- $PKG_VERSION.tar.bz2" PKG_REV=1 PKG_BUILD_DEPENDS="toolchain" PKG_RUN_DEPENDS="$TARGET_LIBC" PKG_USE="gstreamer xorg vdpau" # gstreamer PKG_USE_DESC_gstreamer="Enable GStreamer backend" PKG_USE_HELP_gstreamer="Enables the GStreamer backend." PKG_DEPENDS_gstreamer="gstreamer gst-plugins-base" # xorg PKG_DEPENDS_xorg="libX11" PKG_DEPENDS_vdpau="libvdpau" “Average” package example: libplayer (1/2) B. Zores – FOSDEM 2011 

Build Rules: #!/bin/sh . config/options XORG_CONFIG="--disable-x11" pkg_uses $1 xorg && \ XORG_CONFIG="--enable-x11 --enable-xlib-hack" GST_CONFIG="--disable-gstreamer" pkg_uses $1 gstreamer && GST_CONFIG="--enable-gstreamer" cd $BUILD/$1* do_configure \ $GST_CONFIG \ $XORG_CONFIG \ --cross-compile \ --disable-doc make && make_install “Average” package example: libplayer (2/2) B. Zores – FOSDEM 2011 

Get some help or information: • Website provides a complete documentation on build system internals. • On our mailing list: [email protected] Join the development team: • Add new packages, hence features. • Add support for new/more hardware (yours ?). • Increase flavours support by adding your custom distribution subset. Sponsor us with a couple of reference boards. • Only way for the team to really support your architecture … • We’re still interested in Intel / Freescale / Qualcomm / Marvell boards. Donations • The usual way: helps us buy new toys to be supported ... How you can one help (or get helped) ? B. Zores – FOSDEM 2011 

http://www.openbricks.org/ THANKS !! Thanks ... B. Zores – FOSDEM 2011