使用 Laravel 的前與後

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࢖༻ Laravel తલᢛޙ shengyou @ জࢣେࢿ޻ܥላ။(2014.11.27)

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؆ใओ୊ • ಁա࢖༻ Laravel Framework ׬੒ಉᒬతሢ ୊㚎༰ɼൺֱ࢖༻ᐽՍᢛ൱తࠩҟɿ - ࢖༻ Homestead - 啟࢝ Laravel - ؀ڥᏓᏐઃఆ - Artisan ࢦྩ - ݐཱ Migration/Seeding - ઃఆ Route - ࿈݁ Controller - ࢖༻ᒬ൘Ҿ№ - ࢖༻ ORM/Model - ࢖༻ Package

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࢖༻ Homestead

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ॄኄੋ Homesteadʁ • ᬋஶ։ᚙ޻۩Ṻ਼ෳᯑɼҝ߱௿ݐஔ։ᚙ ؀ڥత೉౓ɺݮগݐஔ࣌ؒɺฒఏڙ׬੔ ޻۩᭵ɼLaravel ׭ํਪग़໊ҝ Homestead త㐘ٖػثํҊ • Homestead 2.0 ߋ੔߹ྃ Composerɼᩋ homestead త࢖༻ɺૢ࡞ߋՃ؆ศ ˒ ჩߟɿhttp://laravel.tw/docs/4.2/homestead

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ҝॄኄཁ Homesteadʁ • ಁա࢖༻㐘ٖػثɼՄ௚઀ࡏ։ᚙػ্໛ ্ٖઢओػ؀ڥɼ֬อఔࣜՄ䆋ॺ • ಁա Virtual Box + Vagrant త૊߹ɼᩋෳᯑ త㐘ٖػث҆᧋ɺෳ੡ɺࢄ䆋ɺߋ৽Ꮣಘ ߋՃ༰қɼࣕ Laravel ׭ํಁաṜݸํࣜ ௚઀ఏڙ։ᚙऀҰ੔ݸ։ᚙ޻۩แ

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༗䬟ࠣ޷ྉʁ • Ubuntu 14.04 • PHP 5.6 (with mcrypt) • HHVM • Nginx • MySQL • Postgres • Node (With Bower, Grunt, and Gulp) • Redis • Memcached • Beanstalkd • Laravel Envoy • HipChat + Slack

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ዎኄ࢖༻ʁ • ҆᧋ Virtual Box • ҆᧋ Vagrant • ҆᧋ composer ౟݅ • ಁաࢦྩ 啟ಈ/࢑ఀ homestead ˒ ჩߟɿhttp://mattstauffer.co/blog/introducing-laravel-homestead-2.0

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؆ཁࣔൣ ҆᧋ homestead

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؆ཁࣔൣ 啟࢝ homestead ઃఆ

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؆ཁࣔൣ ઃఆ Homestead.yaml

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؆ཁࣔൣ 啟ಈ homestead VM

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؆ཁࣔൣ ࢑ఀ homestead VM

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Before & After • ᅶୂ੒һ֤ग़ح টɺࣗݐ։ᚙ؀ڥ • 䆋ॺ࣌ՄೳҼҝ؀ ڥࠩҟࣕ଄੒ఔࣜ ᛰແ๏ӡ࡞ • ౷Ұᅶୂ੒һత։ᚙ ؀ڥతࠩҟ • ։ᚙ؀ڥᢛ্ઢओػ ಉ㑊ɼ։ᚙ࣌ଈՄ༬ ଌఔࣜ䆋ॺ݁Ռ

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啟࢝ Laravel

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೗Կ啟࢝ҰݸሢҊʁ • ࢖༻ Laravel Installer • ࢖༻ Composer ˒ ჩߟɿhttp://laravel.tw/docs/4.2/installation

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؆ཁࣔൣ ࢖༻ Laravel Installer

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؆ཁࣔൣ ࢖༻ Composer - P.1

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؆ཁࣔൣ ࢖༻ Composer - P.2

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Laravel ໨㑚݁ߏ •Document Root ࢦ޲ public •vendor ੋ Composer ౟݅ •app ੋେଟᏐሜఔࣜతҐஔ

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Before & After • खಈ؅ཧॴ༗ݪ࢝ ᛰ䈕ҊɼएࡏҠ ಈɺෳ੡࣌ग़ࡨब GG • Ҿೖ౟݅ɺঋڃവ ࣜݿඅ࣌ਏۤ • ࢖༻ Composer ౷Ұ ؅ཧॴ༗ݩ݅ɼ҆ ᧋ɺߋ৽౎ํศ • ᐽՍ໨㑚݁ߏਗ਼ુ׌ ґর׳ྫɼଈศ৽੒ һ໵ೳແ઀๓࢖༻

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؀ڥᏓᏐઃఆ

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ॄኄੋ؀ڥઃఆʁ • ࡏ։ᚙաఔதɼఔࣜᛰ။ៃաᏐݸෆಉత ։ᚙ֊ஈɼ㑌ݸ։ᚙ֊ஈ౎။䆋ॺࡏෆಉ తػث্ɻ໵Ҽࠑɼॾ೗ DB ࿈ઢࢿ㘤౳ ᏓᏐࡏෆಉػث্ब။༗ෆಉతઃఆ • ؀ڥᏓᏐతઃܭɼबੋᩋఔࣜᛰՄҎಈଶ తదጯෆಉػث্తෆಉઃఆɼݮগ䆋ॺ ࣌धखಈௐ੔ઃఆతෛ፦

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֤։ᚙ֊ஈྲྀఔ [ development ] ։ᚙ༻ɺଌࢼ༻ [ local ] ຊػ୺։ᚙ [ staging ] ֊ஈੑᚙ䆋 [ production ] ਖ਼্ࣜઢ 㑌ݸ։ᚙᆿ൐ຊػ୺ ᘐཱ։ᚙɼ։ᚙ׬੒ ޙૹճ൛ຊ߇੍ܥ౷ [version control] ݪ࢝ᛰ؅ཧ ఆظኺ൛ຊ߇੍ܥ౷ औग़ޙɼਐߦ੔߹ɺ ᄸݩ౳ଌࢼ ሢҊ֊ஈ׬੒ޙɼਐ ߦ֊ஈੑᚙ䆋ɼڅ٬ 㖽ଌࢼɺ֬ೝ ॴ༗֊ஈ׬੒ޙ䆋ॺ ࢸਖ਼ࣜओػɼሣ֎ެ ։࢖༻

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ҝॄኄཁઃఆ؀ڥʁ • Ҏԟఔࣜᛰ䆋ॺ౸ෆಉओػ࣌ɼबཁखಈ मվ૬᮫త࿈ઢࢿ㘤 • Laravel త؀ڥઃఆઃܭɼՄҎᩋ Laravel ࣗಈґরෆಉతओػ໊᜝ɼࣗಈࡌೖሣጯ త૬᮫ઃఆɼ։ᚙऀ໵Մࣗߦܾఆ։ᚙ֊ ஈత໊᜝ɼՄ౥഑ࣗಈ䆋ॺ޻۩ɼᩋ䆋ॺ ޻࡞շ଎ෆग़ࡨ

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Laravel ೗Կఁଌ؀ڥʁ • bootstrap/start.php • ~$ hostname ˒ ჩߟɿhttp://laravel.com/docs/conﬁguration#environment-conﬁguration Laravel ࣗಈ؀ڥఁଌ

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೗Կઃఆ؀ڥᏓᏐʁ • app/config/{environment}/*.php - Laravel ။ࣗಈࠜᎦ໨લత؀ڥɼࡌೖሣ ጯతઃఆ䈕ɼ෴ሜ༬ઃઃఆ • .env.{environment}.php - Laravel 4.1 ։࢝੔߹ phpenv ౟݅ɼ௚઀ ሡ؀ڥᏓᏐࡌೖޙɼ෴ሜ༬ઃઃఆ ˒ ჩߟɿhttp://laravel.tw/docs/configuration#protecting-sensitive-configuration ˒ ჩߟɿhttp://laravel.tw/docs/4.2/configuration#environment-configuration

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؆ཁࣔൣ ઃఆ debug mode

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؆ཁࣔൣ ઃఆ mysql connections

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Before & After • ఔࣜᛰ䆋ॺ౸ෆಉ ओػ࣌ɼ౎ཁखಈ मվ૬᮫ઃఆ值 • ௚઀ሡػහࢿ㘤ሜ ࡏఔࣜᛰ์౸൛ຊ ߇੍ཫɼ༗മ࿐෩ ᯃ • ಁա؀ڥઃఆɼఔࣜ ᛰՄҎࣗಈదጯॴࡏ ओػత૬᮫ઃఆ • ಁա phpenv ಈଶࡌ ೖɼػහࢿ㘤ෆ။മ ࿐ࡏ൛ຊ߇੍తݪ࢝ ᛰ㚎

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Artisan ࢦྩ

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ॄኄੋ artisanʁ • Laravel ሢሱతࢦྩྻ޻۩ɼڠॿզ၇׬੒ ೔ৗൟᘭ޻࡞ࣄ຿ɼ೗ɿ - 㗞ੜ auto-loadɺਗ਼շऔɺ࠷ՂԽ - 㗞ੜ migrationɺ߇੍ queue - ҡޢ໛ࣜ

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ҝॄኄཁ༻ artisanʁ • ࣗಈ㢨๩㗞ੜ૝ཁత ෺݅ ୋՍɼ ՄҎগ ଧҰࠣఔࣜᛰ • 啟ಈৗ༻త޻۩ɺ࠷ՂԽ Laravel • ؆ᄸိ㘸ɼबੋҼҝ ጺ զ၇ੋߴᏈ཰త ߈৓ࢰ

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೗Կ࢖༻ artisanʁ • $ php artisan {command} • ৗ༻తࢦྩ༗ɿ - envɺ dump-autoloadɺoptimize - controller:makeɺmigrate:make - migrateɺdb:seed

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؆ཁࣔൣ artisan ৗ༻ࢦྩࣔൣ

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Before & After • ॴ༗ఔࣜᛰҡޢత ޻࡞౎ཁ༝ࣗݾख ಈ႔ཧ • ॴ༗᮫ԙᐽՍత࠯ࣄ ౎ՄҎ༝ࢦྩྻڠॿ զ၇׬੒

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ݐཱ Migration/Seeding

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ॄኄੋ Migrationʁ • ॴ༗ሣ DB ૢ࡞తಈ࡞ɼ౎Ḥሜሣጯతఔ ࣜᛰိ׬੒ (Laravel Schema builder) • ෼੒ up / down (લਐ/ޙୀ) • 㑌ݸਓ፤౸ߋ৽൛ຊޙɼಁաࣥߦ migrate बՄҎ༗૬ಉత DB ݁ߏɼए༗໰ ୊໵ՄҎ rollback ճ೭લత㐫ଶ ˒ ჩߟɿhttp://laravel.tw/docs/migrations

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ॄኄੋ Seedingʁ • ࡏ։ᚙ࣌ɼԟԟ။धཁࢿྉိ၏ᰖࣔɺ႟ আိଌࢼఔࣜɼୠࢿྉత㚎༰ෆඞੋਅ తɼୠࣗݾݐଠྦྷྃ… • ಁա Laravel త table seederɼՄҎշ଎త ሡ၊ࢿྉ౗ਐࢿྉݿɼํศ։ᚙ CRUD Ṝ छҎࢿྉૢ࡞ҝओతޭೳ ˒ ჩߟɿhttp://laravel.tw/docs/migrations#database-seeding

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ҝॄኄཁ༻ M & Sʁ • ଟਓ։ᚙ࣌ɼҼҝ৽ޭೳࣕधཁमվ DB ݁ߏɼएᔒ༗ Migration ଇଖଞਓबແ๏ ஌ಓ DB తࠩҟʀ䆋ॺ࣌ɼDB తमվᔒ ༗ل㑚ɺए༗㐫گ໵ແኺճ෮ • ༻ Seeding ޙɼՄҎշ଎తᩋ DB 㚎༗ଌ ࢼࢿྉՄҎ࢖༻ɼሜ DB ૢ࡞࣌Ꮘ཰େ⃧

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ዎኄ၏ Migrationʁ ࢖༻ artisan 㗞ੜ migrate 䈕

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ዎኄ၏ Migrationʁ ಁա Laravel Shema Builder ૢ࡞ DB Ꮣߋ

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ዎኄ၏ Migrationʁ ಁա artisan ࣥߦ migrate

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ዎኄ၏ Migrationʁ ಁա artisan ࣥߦ migrate

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ዎኄ၏ Seedingʁ ઌሜ Seed Class (㗞ੜ׬ Class هಘ dump-autoload)

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ዎኄ၏ Seedingʁ ࡏ DatabaseSeeder 㚎ݺڣཁࣥߦత Seed Class

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ዎኄ၏ Seedingʁ ࢖༻ artisan ࣥߦ db:seed

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Before & After • ॴ༗త DB ૢ࡞ᔒ ༗ل㑚ɼଟਓ։ᚙ ࣌ৗৗ။Ҽҝ DB ෆಉ㑊ᖵᎃ • ։ᚙ࣌ɼޫ㗞ੜଌ ࢼࢿྉबՖᎃ኷ଟ ࣌ؒ • ॴ༗ DB मվ౎༗ل 㑚ɼಉ㑊ํศ׌Մ෮ ݪ • Մշ଎㗞ੜ၊ࢿྉɼ ໵Մշ଎ਗ਼ۭࢿྉ ݿɼํศ։ᚙሜࢿྉ ૢ࡞ (CRUD)ޭೳ

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ઃఆ Route

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ॄኄੋ Routeʁ • Route बੋ App ҰᑍҰᑍత໳ېنଇɼن ଇ㚎ࢦఆ㑌Ұݸ࿏༝ՄҎ઀डతಈ࡞ (GETɺPOST) ٴधཁၚೖతჩᏐ • ኺ্ࣕԼஞҰൺሣɻූ߹ब။ࣥߦɺएፙ ෆ౸ब။ճၚ 404 (Not Found) • Մ౥഑ groupɺpreﬁxɺnamespaceɺsub- domain ၏ኧੑઃܭ ˒ ჩߟɿhttp://laravel.tw/docs/routing

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ҝॄኄཁ༻ Routeʁ • Document Root ࢦఆࡏ publicɼಁաᐽՍ ਐೖᴍ (index.php) ౷Ұ؅ཧॴ༗࿏༝ɼ⃧ Ճఔࣜᛰ҆શੑ • ಁա Route ઃܭɼॴ༗ App Մ࢖༻త࿏༝ बҰ໨ྃવɼएग़ࡨ࣌໵ํศআࡨ

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ዎኄઃఆ Routeʁ app/routes.php

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ᒾ查 Route ઃఆ ༻ artisan ࢦྩྻग़໨લత Route ઃఆ

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Before & After • ॴ༗తท໘౎ཁख ಈ৽⃧Ұݸ *.php 䈕Ҋ • 㑌Ұݸ *.php 䈕Ҋ ؐཁ਑ሣՄ઀डత http method ၏൑Ꮧ • ౷Ұ༝ Route ؅ཧ App 㚎ॴ༗త࿏༝ɼ ⃧Ճ։ᚙతᏈ཰ᢛጯ ༻ఔࣜ҆શੑ

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࿈݁ Controller

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ॄኄੋ Controllerʁ • ґর MVC ݪཧɼ႔ཧ Route ૹաိతࢿ ྉɼฒґጯ༻ఔࣜᬓाૢ࡞ Model վᏓṶ ଘతࢿྉ • ॴ༗ጯ༻ఔࣜతᬓा༝ Controller ౷Ұ႔ ཧɼController ຊ਎ґޭೳ໋໊ ˒ ჩߟɿhttp://laravel.tw/docs/controllers

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ҝॄኄ༻ Controllerʁ • ሡጯ༻ఔࣜతཫሡෳᯑతఔࣜૢ࡞ᬓाɼ ᘐཱ੒ Class Ҏརҡޢɼኺ Classɺ Function త໋໊बՄҎେகᘃग़ଖޭೳ • Laravel Controller ຊ਎ଈ IoC Containerɼ Մࣗಈ dependency injection

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ዎኄ㗞ੜ Controllerʁ ࢖༻ artisan ࢦྩ㗞ੜ Controller Class

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೺ Route ಋೖ app/routes.php

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Controller ዎኄሜʁ ሣጯ function ໊᜝㚎ሜૢ࡞ᬓा

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Before & After • ఔࣜతૢ࡞ᬓा័ ੋሜࡏ *.php త։ ಄ɼఔࣜᬓाɺDB ૢ࡞ɺࢿྉᰖࣔશ ࠞࡏҰىతʮٛେ རṵࣜʯሜ๏ • ఔࣜૢ࡞ᬓा෼໳ผ ྨ༝ෆಉత Class ႔ ཧɼClass 㚎֤ Function ໵୞ሢ஫႔ ཧҰݸᬓाɼࡏ෼޻ ᢛҡޢ্౎ߋਗ਼ુ

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࢖༻ᒬ൘Ҿ№

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ॄኄੋ/ҝॄኄཁᒬ൘ʁ • Ұݸ MVC ໢࿏ጯ༻ఔࣜ௚઀᪑࢖༻ऀޓ ಈత෦㟨बੋ View • ࡏመ࡞ท໘࣌ɼ኷ଟท໘త HTML DOM ଖመੋॏෳతɼҝݮগҡޢଟ㟨ॏෳతݪ ࢝ᛰɼฒᩋ։ᚙߋ؆ศɼզ၇धཁಁաᒬ ൘ሡท໘૬ಉతეմᘐཱग़ိ

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Laravel తᒬ൘Ҿ№ • Laravel ਑ሣሜ໢࿏ጯ༻ఔࣜҰఆधཁతᒬ ൘ޭೳఏڙྃ Blade Ṝݸᒬ൘Ҿ№ • ಁա Blade ޠ๏ɼՄҎᩋท໘༗਌ሱ᮫ ܎ɼᩋᒬ൘៺ঝ (template inheritance)Ꮣಘ ؆ᄸɼ׌Մሡท໘ॏෳత෦㟨፥෼੒ეմ (section)ɼ࠶Ҿೖࢸท໘ሣጯతҐஔଈՄ ˒ ჩߟɿhttp://laravel.tw/docs/4.2/templates

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ዎኄ༻ Bladeʁ • ॴ༗త view ౎౷Ұ์ࡏ views ࢿྉᇄఈԼ • ґর׳ྫɼओᒬ൘။์ࡏ layouts ࢿྉᇄ 㚎ʀࢠᒬ൘။์ࡏ֘ resource ࢿྉᇄ㚎 • blade ᒬ൘త෭䈕໊໋໊ҝ *.blade.php

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ઃఆओᒬ൘ ઌఆٛҰݸओᒬ൘త HTML ท໘ᐽՍ

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ઃఆओᒬ൘ ઌఆٛҰݸओᒬ൘త HTML ท໘ᐽՍ

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ઃఆओᒬ൘ ઌఆٛҰݸओᒬ൘త HTML ท໘ᐽՍ

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ࢠᒬ൘៺ঝओᒬ൘ ࢠᒬ൘៺ঝओᒬ൘

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Controller ճၚ View ࡏ Controller ཫએࠂճၚ view త໊᜝

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Before & After • ෆಉท໘ཫ૬ಉత ეմᷮೳ༻ include తํࣜࡏෆಉท໘ Ҿೖɺኧੑֱ௿ • ಁա Blade ኷༰қత ሡ໢ท፥੒ओ൘ɺࢠ ൘ٴეմ • ෆಉეմៃ፥ղޙɼ ༰қॏෳ࢖༻ɼ։ᚙ ࣌ᷮधሢ஫ࡏეմ㚎 ଈՄ

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࢖༻ ORM / Model

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ॄኄੋ ORMʁ • ORM = Object-relational mapping • ؆ᄸိ㘸ɼबੋ೺ࢿྉݿཫҰචҰචతࢿ ྉᏓ੒෺݅ိૢ࡞ɻṜࠣ෺݅ಁա៺ঝՄ Ҏ⃧Ճߋଟతํ๏ɼᩋࢿྉݿతૢ࡞ (CRUD) ߋՃ௚᧷ɺํศ

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ҝॄኄཁ༻ ORMʁ • ݪຊࡏሜࢿྉݿ查ᨑ࣌ɼԟԟधཁࣗߦґ রधٻԼ SQL 查ᨑࣜɼᙛ查ᨑࣜᏓ௕ɺ ᮫࿆೔਼ෳᯑ࣌ɼ኷೉௚᧷ྃղ֘查ᨑࣜ త࡞༻ • ࣗߦ႔ཧ SQL 查ᨑࣜ࣌ɼ໵ध֬ೝ༌ೖ తࣈ۲ੋ൱౎༗ Escape Ҏ๷҆શੑྀٙ

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Laravel త Eloquent • Eloquent ੋ Laravel ఏڙత ORM ޻۩ɼґ রҎԼ׳ྫɼᩋ DB ૢ࡞Ꮣಘ༰қɿ - Ұݸ resource ሣጯ౸ DB ཫతҰݸ table - Ұݸ model ሣጯ౸ table ཫతҰݸ row - model ੋᄸᏐɺtable ੋෳᏐ - ኺ Eloquent औग़ိత౦੢ੋ Collection

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ዎኄઃఆ Modelʁ ࡏ Model ཫઃఆ DB ໊᜝ (Մґর׳ྫ)

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ዎኄઃఆ᮫࿆ʁ ઃఆ᮫࿆ function

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ዎኄૢ࡞ ORMʁ औग़લ 5 චจষ (Laravel ࢧԉࣗಈ෼ท䬫ʂ)

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ࡏ View ཫఄݱ ࡏ view ཫሡ model తࢿྉҹग़ိ

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Before & After • ॴ༗᪑ࢿྉݿૢ࡞ ૬᮫తಈ࡞౎ཁࣗ ݾԼ SQL ޠ๏ • ࡏ૊߹ SQL ޠ๏ ࣌ɼཁখ৺೚Կ༗ ҆શੑྀٙతࣈ۲ • ಁա Eloquentɼૢ ࡞ DB ब૾ሜᏌड़ ۟Ұᒬɼࢿྉදؒ త᮫࿆໵኷௚᧷ • ຊ਎बቮ਑ሣ҆શ ੑ၏๷ڔɼݮগॳ ላऀՄೳతࡨޡ

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࢖༻ Package

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ॄኄੋ Packageʁ • Package ؆ᄸိ㘸बੋ Laravel తᎷॆఔ ࣜɼಁա҆᧋ Package बՄҎ௚઀࢖༻ผ ਓሜ޷తޭೳɼՃշ։ᚙ଎౓ • ࡏ 3.0 ࣌ڣ Bundleɼ4.0 Ҏޙվ᜝ Package • ֓೦ಉ Symfony త BundleʀRails త Gems

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Կ႔ਘፙ Packageʁ • ፺ਘҾ№ɿ - Packagist - Packalyst • ᡒ େਆ/ಉࣄ/๎༑ తਪન • ؃ผਓత Open Source ཫ༻䬟ࠣʁ

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೗ԿબᎩ Packageʁ • ჩߟ Package ፺ਘҾ№্త Downloadsɺ TrustɺPopularity ౳Ꮠ值၏ჩߟࢦඪ • ؃ Package త࡞ऀੋ୭ʁ • ᡒผਓతਪનɺ෦མ֨తհ঺ • ଟࢼزݸಉྨܕత Packageɼፙग़࠷ॱࣗ ݾखతိ༻

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೗Կ҆᧋ Packageʁ • ࢔ࡉ㕕ᩇ README (֬ೝ൛ຊɺن֨) • ௐ੔ composer.json / composer update • ઃఆ ServiceProviderɺAlias (ࢹधٻ) • Publish ઃఆ (ࢹधٻ) • Migrate DB (ࢹधٻ) ˒ Ҏ Sentry 2 ҝྫɿhttps://cartalyst.com/manual/sentry#installation

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ઃఆ composer.json ઃఆ composer.json 㚎త package ໊᜝

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ߋ৽౟݅ ࢖༻ composer update ࢦྩ

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ઃఆ Service Provider ґ౟݅ࢦࣔઃఆ Service Provider

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Before & After • ૝ཁ࢖༻ผਓሜ޷ తവࣜݿɼཁखಈ Լࡌɺ҆᧋ɺ੔߹ ਐࣗݾతఔࣜᛰ • ಁա Laravel Package తઃఆɼผਓቮៃሜ ޷తവࣜݿՄҎਝ౓ త੔߹౸ࣗݾతሢҊ ཫɼ᜾ࡏڊਓతݞ᡺ ্

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খ݁ • ಁա೺૬ಉሢҊ༻ Laravel ࠶መ࡞Ұ࣍၏ ҝલɺޙൺֱɼᩋզ၇ྃղ࢖༻ᐽՍޙࡏ ։ᚙ্ትိత޷႔ᢛศརੑ • ر๬Ṝᒬೳ㘸෰㟬ঐࢼ Laravelʂ

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Q & A Thanks for listening!