1000万ダウンロードアプリ『メルカリ』を支える技術

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1000ສμ΢ϯϩʔυΞϓϦ ʰϝϧΧϦʱ Λࢧ͑Δٕज़ גࣜձࣾϝϧΧϦ ΤϯδχΞ ٱอୡ඙ [email protected] dots. summit 2015

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ࣗݾ঺հ • ٱอୡ඙(bokko) • @cubicdaiya • Software Engineer in Infrastructure Engineering • OSS Contributor • e.g. nginx, mruby, ngx_mruby, ngx_lua, h2o, etc…

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ʰϝϧΧϦʱʹ͍ͭͯ

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ओཁKPIσʔλ μ΢ϯϩʔυ਺ ߪೖֹۚ ग़඼਺ ਺஋ 1000ສDLಥഁ ݄ؒ਺ेԯԁ 1೔਺ेສ඼Ҏ্ ΞϓϦΛެ։͔ͯ͠Β໿1೥ͱ൒೥Ͱ 1000ສμ΢ϯϩʔυୡ੒ʂ(2013೥7݄ެ։)

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ʰϝϧΧϦʱΛࢧ͑Δ̋̋

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τϐοΫ • ϝϧΧϦΛࢧ͑Δ։ൃମ੍ • ϝϧΧϦΛࢧ͑ΔΠϯϑϥ • ϝϧΧϦΛࢧ͑ΔαϒγεςϜ • ϝϧΧϦΛࢧ͑ΔGo

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τϐοΫ • ϝϧΧϦΛࢧ͑Δ։ൃମ੍ • ϝϧΧϦΛࢧ͑ΔΠϯϑϥ • ϝϧΧϦΛࢧ͑ΔαϒγεςϜ • ϝϧΧϦΛࢧ͑ΔGo

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ʰϝϧΧϦʱΛࢧ͑Δ։ൃମ੍ • ΤϯδχΞ໿20ਓ(QAɺCS෦໳΋͋Δ) • ΠϯϑϥνʔϜ͸ࣗ෼ؚΊͯ5ਓ • ৭ΜͳόοΫΤϯυΛ࣋ͭΤϯδχΞ͕ू·ͬͯ·͢ • Ϛωʔδϟ৬΍্ڃΤϯδχΞ৬΋͋Γ·͕͢ɺϑϥοτͳ งғؾͰ͢

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ʰϝϧΧϦʱΛࢧ͑Δ։ൃମ੍ • Github্ͰPull Requestϕʔεͷ։ൃ • RedmineͰλεΫ؅ཧ • Slackϑϧ׆༻

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ʰϝϧΧϦʱΛࢧ͑Δ։ൃମ੍ • Qiita:TeamͰυΩϡϝϯτڞ༗ • Travis-CIʹΑΔܧଓతΠϯςάϨʔγϣϯ • Ansible PlaybookʹΑΔϓϩϏδϣχϯά • DockerʹΑΔݸਓ։ൃ؀ڥ(Vagrantͷਓ΋͍·͢)

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τϐοΫ • ϝϧΧϦΛࢧ͑Δ։ൃମ੍ • ϝϧΧϦΛࢧ͑ΔΠϯϑϥ • ϝϧΧϦΛࢧ͑ΔαϒγεςϜ • ϝϧΧϦΛࢧ͑ΔPHP • ϝϧΧϦΛࢧ͑ΔGo

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ʰϝϧΧϦʱΛࢧ͑ΔΠϯϑϥ • ͘͞Βͷઐ༻αʔό • ͘͞ΒΫϥ΢υ • Amazon Web Service • Google Cloud Platform • Treasure Data • etc…

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ʰϝϧΧϦʱΛࢧ͑ΔΠϯϑϥ • αʔό୆਺͸100୆Ҏ্ • ΞϓϦ͸JP൛ͱUS൛͕͋Δ • JP൛͸͘͞ΒɺUS൛͸AWS্Ͱӡ༻ • ࡢ೥ͷޙ൒͔ΒJP൛͸͘͞Βͷઐ༻αʔό͕ϝΠϯ • ioDrive࢖ͬͯ·͢

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τϐοΫ • ϝϧΧϦΛࢧ͑Δ։ൃମ੍ • ϝϧΧϦΛࢧ͑ΔΠϯϑϥ • ϝϧΧϦΛࢧ͑ΔαϒγεςϜ • ϝϧΧϦΛࢧ͑ΔGo

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େࡶ೺ͳશମ૾

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શ෦͓఻͑͢Δͷ͸ແཧͳͷͰ ͍͔ͭ͘঺հ͍͖ͯ͠·͢

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ϩʔυόϥϯαʔ

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OHJOY

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nginx • APIϦΫΤετͷϩʔυόϥϯε • SSLλʔϛωʔγϣϯ & SPDYήʔτ΢ΣΠ • ίϯςϯπΩϟογϡ

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HTTPS௨৴ͷߴ଎Խ • TLS Session Cache • TLS Session Tickets • SPDY

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TLS Session Cache • TLSϋϯυγΣΠΫͷηογϣϯ৘ใΛαʔόʹ Ωϟογϡ • nginxͰ͸ڞ༗ϝϞϦ্ʹΩϟογϡ͞ΕΔ • ࣍ճͷTLSϋϯυγΣΠΫΛলུ • CPUϦιʔεͷ࡟ݮ΍ϨΠςϯγղফͷޮՌ͕͋Δ

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TLS Session Cache with nginx

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TLS Session Tickets • ҉߸Խͨ͠ηογϣϯ৘ใ(νέοτ)ΛΫϥ ΠΞϯτʹ౉͢ • νέοτΛݩʹTLSηογϣϯΛ࠶։ • HTTPSαʔόෳ਺୆ͰηογϣϯΩϟογϡ Λڞ༗Ͱ͖Δ • αϙʔτ͍ͯ͠Δ୺຤͕গͳ͍ͷ͕೉఺

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TLS Session Tickets with nginx

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SPDY • WebΛߴ଎Խ͢ΔͨΊͷϓϩτίϧ • nginx-1.5.10Ҏ߱ͰSPDY3.1͕ར༻Մ • ࠷৽ͷiOS΍AndroidͰ͸αʔό͕ରԠͯ͠ ͍Ε͹ࣗಈతʹSPDY͕ར༻͞ΕΔ

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SPDY with nginx

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άϥϑͰݟΔ࠷దԽͷޮՌ 5-44FTTJPO $BDIFc5JDLFUT ಋೖλΠϛϯά

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άϥϑͰݟΔ࠷దԽͷޮՌ 5-44FTTJPO $BDIFc5JDLFUT ಋೖλΠϛϯά

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άϥϑͰݟΔ࠷దԽͷޮՌ 41%:ಋೖͨ͠೔ͷϐʔΫ

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"1*αʔό

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"QBDIFNPE@QIQ

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Apache + mod_php • ϝϧΧϦͷதͰҰ൪ٕज़తʹރΕͨίϯϙʔωϯτ • DietCakeͱ͍͏ܰྔͰߴ଎ͳϑϨʔϜϫʔΫΛར༻ • ฏۉϨεϙϯελΠϜ͕ϐʔΫ࣌Ͱ΋100msલޙ • APIαʔό͸΄ͱΜͲϘτϧωοΫʹͳ͍ͬͯͳ͍

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σʔλετΞ

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.Z42- 3FEJT NFNDBDIFE 4PMS -VDFOF

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ϝϧΧϦΛࢧ͑ΔσʔλετΞ • MySQL • αʔϏεͷίΞσʔλ֨ೲ৔ॴ • αʔϏεͷن໛֦େʹ൐͍ਫฏ෼ׂ͕੝Μ • Redisɺmemcached • ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯΩϟογϡϨΠϠʔ • Solr(Lucene) • ݕࡧ

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ඇಉظॲཧͷͨΊͷ ΩϡʔͱδϣϒϫʔΧʔ

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2.QIQ1BSBMMFM1SFGPSL

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ॏ͍ॲཧ͸2.ʹΤϯΩϡʔͯ͠ඇಉظͰ࣮ߦ

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PHP-Paralle-Prefork • PHPͷpreforkσʔϞϯϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ • ฐࣾͷαʔόαΠυΤϯδχΞ͕։ൃ • ϓϩηε୯ҐͰλεΫΛฒྻ࣮ߦ • Q4M͔ΒσΩϡʔͨ͠λεΫΛฒྻ࣮ߦ͍ͯ͠Δ • PHPͰ΋͜͜·ͰͰ͖Δʂ

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ϩάσʔλ෼ੳج൫

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ΞΫηεϩά΍ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷϩάΛ 'MVFOUE΍όονͰ֤ॴʹసૹ

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ϝϧΧϦΛࢧ͑Δ ϩά&σʔλ෼ੳج൫ ίϯϙʔωϯτ ༻్ 'MVFOUE ֤छϩάసૹ 5SFBTVSFEBUB #JH2VFSZ σʔλ෼ੳ 4 ϩάͷόοΫΞοϓ ,JCBOB&MBTUJDTFBSDI ௚ۙͷϩά΍σʔλͷ౷ܭΛνΣοΫ /PSJLSB ϦΞϧλΠϜͰσʔλूܭɾ؂ࢹ

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τϐοΫ • ϝϧΧϦΛࢧ͑Δ։ൃମ੍ • ϝϧΧϦΛࢧ͑ΔΠϯϑϥ • ϝϧΧϦΛࢧ͑ΔαϒγεςϜ • ϝϧΧϦΛࢧ͑ΔGo

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ʰϝϧΧϦʱΛࢧ͑ΔGo • PHPͷΠϝʔδ͕ڧ͍ฐࣾͰ͕͢ɺRuby΍Nodeɺ Goͱ͍ͬͨݴޠ΋ར༻͍ͯ͠·͢ • ࠷ۙPerlʹΑΔϞχλϦϯάπʔϧ͕ՃΘΓ·ͨ͠ • ࠓճ͸ϝϧΧϦͰঃʑʹ૿͍͑ͯΔGoͷϓϩμΫτ Λ঺հ͠·͢

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ʰϝϧΧϦʱΛࢧ͑ΔGo • nginx-build • cachectl • Slackboard • ൚༻ϓογϡ௨஌αʔό(·ͩඇެ։)

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nginx-build • nginxͷϏϧυπʔϧ • ҎԼͷ࡞ۀΛࣗಈԽ • nginxͷιʔείʔυͷμ΢ϯϩʔυ • ґଘϥΠϒϥϦ΍3rd PartyϞδϡʔϧͷ૊ΈࠐΈ • nginxͷRPM࡞੒࣌ʹར༻͍ͯ͠Δ • https://github.com/cubicdaiya/nginx-build

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nginx-buildͰnginxΛϏϧυ

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cachectl • OSͷϖʔδΩϟογϡ੍ޚπʔϧ • ಛఆͷϑΝΠϧͷϖʔδΩϟογϡͷར༻ঢ়گͷ֬ೝ΍ ϖʔδΩϟογϡͷ࡟আ͕Ͱ͖Δ • ϖʔδΩϟογϡΛ࡟আ͢ΔσʔϞϯ(cachectld)͕෇ଐ • APIαʔόͷڊେͳϩάϑΝΠϧΛϖʔδΩϟογϡ͔ Βఆظతʹ௥͍ग़͢ͷʹར༻͍ͯ͠Δ(εϫοϓରࡦ) • https://github.com/cubicdaiya/cachectl

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cachectldͷઃఆͱىಈ

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APIαʔόʹcachectldΛ ಋೖͨ݁͠Ռɺ "1*αʔό͕εϫοϓ͠ͳ͘ͳͬͨ DBDIFDUMEΛىಈͨ͠λΠϛϯά

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Slackboard • SlackϓϩΩγαʔό • SlackͷHook URL΍νϟϯωϧͷ৘ใΛҰݩ؅ཧ&λά෇͚ • Slackͷઃఆ͕֤αʔόʹ෼ࢄ͢ΔͷΛ๷͙ • ྡͷ੮ͷਓᐌ͘ʮ͋͋ɺikachanΈ͍ͨͳ΍ͭͶʯ • ikachan஌Βͳ͔ͬͨ… • https://github.com/cubicdaiya/slackboard

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4MBDLͷઃఆ͸TMBDLCPBSEαʔόͰҰݩ؅ཧ

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खൈ͖γϯϓϧͳWeb UI ҰମԿετϥοϓͳΜͩɾɾɾ

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൚༻ϓογϡ௨஌αʔό • HTTPϕʔεͷγϯϓϧͳAPIͱे෼ͳϞχλϦϯάػೳ • े෼ͳύϑΥʔϚϯε(਺ઍʙ਺ສQPS) • δϟʔφϧϩάʹΑΔΫϥογϡϦΧόϦʔػೳ • ୹࣌ؒͰ਺ेສ݅ͷϓογϡ௨஌Λߦ͏͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ • ઌʑि͋ͨΓ͔Βຊ൪Քಇத • ͍͍Ͷɺίϝϯτɺ঎඼ߪೖͷϓογϡ௨஌ɺetc… • ΋͏ͪΐͬͱ࣮੷ੵΜͩΒOSSԽ͍ͨ͠

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൚༻ϓογϡ௨஌γεςϜͷΞʔΩςΫνϟ PS CBUDIαʔό

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HTTP API "1* ղઆ 1045QVTI ϓογϡ௨஌ϦΫΤετड෇ (&5TUBUHP (PϥϯλΠϜͷ׆ಈঢ়گΛऔಘ (&5TUBUBQQ ಺෦Ωϡʔ νϟωϧ ͷ࢖༻ྔ΍ ϓογϡͷ੒ޭࣦഊ਺ͷऔಘ (&5DPOpHBQQ αʔόઃఆ 50.- Λऔಘ

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POST /pushͷϦΫΤετϘσΟ

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GET /stat/go $ curl -s http://127.0.0.1:1056/stat/go { "time": 1423270089195474419, "go_version": "go1.4", "go_os": "linux", "go_arch": "amd64", "cpu_num": 24, "goroutine_num": 55, "gomaxprocs": 24, "cgo_call_num": 124016, "memory_alloc": 10309424, "memory_total_alloc": 295474683712, "memory_sys": 25557240, "memory_lookups": 214058, "memory_mallocs": 2118264299, "memory_frees": 2118230111, ・・・

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GET /stat/app $ curl -s http://127.0.0.1:1056/stat/app { "queue_max": 40960, // 内部キューのサイズ "queue_usage": 0, // 内部キューの使用量(すぐ捌けるので大体0) "ios": { "push_success": 31804, // iOSプッシュ通知の成功数 "push_error": 17 // iOSプッシュ通知の失敗数 }, "android": { "push_success": 18683, // Androidプッシュ通知の成功数 "push_error": 233 // Androidプッシュ通知の失敗数 } $

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GoΛબ୒͢Δཧ༝ • ύϑΥʔϚϯε͕ྑͯ͘ੜ࢈ੑ͕ߴ͍ • ͲͷϓϩμΫτ΋਺࣌ؒͰ࠷ॳͷόʔδϣϯΛॻ͍ͨ • ࣮ߦϑΝΠϧ͕୯ҰόΠφϦͳͷͰ؅ཧָ͕ • ฒྻॲཧ͕؆୯ʹॻ͚Δ • PHPͷऑ͍෦෼Λ͏·͘ิ׬Ͱ͖Δ

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·ͱΊ • ϝϧΧϦ͸μ΢ϯϩʔυ਺1000ສΛӽ͑ΔਓؾϑϦϚΞϓϦ • ͘͞Β΍AWS౳ͷΠϯϑϥ΍Ϋϥ΢υαʔϏεͷ্ ʹߏங͞Ε͍ͯΔ • ֤αϒγεςϜ͸ׂΓͱΦʔιυοΫε • ݴޠ͸PHP͚ͩͰͳ͘Go΍Node౳ɺෳ਺ͷݴޠΛঢ় گʹԠͯ͡࢖͍෼͚ͯ·͢

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ਓࡐืूதʂ