Objective-C Programming Guide for Open Source Software

by Yosuke Ishikawa

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ެ։༻ͷObjective-Cͷॻ͖ํ @_ishkawa

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ࣗݾ঺հ

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GHFeed

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IS ISDiskCache ISMemoryCache ISHTTPOperation ISRemoveNull ISPersistentStack ISMethodSwizzling ISBackGesture ISRefreshControl ISColumnsController ISRevealController ISCyclicPagesView ISFakeInterfaceOrientation ISInteractiveEdgesNavigationBar ISAlternativeRefreshControl

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8 Pods 551 Stars

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τʔΫ֓ཁ

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“ެ։༻” | | ଞਓ΋࢖͏ίʔυ

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ࣗ෼͔͠৮Δ͜ͱͷͳ͍ΞϓϦͷ ίʔυ͸޷͖ͳΑ͏ʹॻ͚͹͍͍ (ࣗݾ੹೚Ͱ)

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͔͠͠ɺଞਓ΋৮ΔՄೳੑ͕͋Δ৔߹͸

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✓ ୭Ͱ΋؆୯ʹಋೖͰ͖Δ ✓ ୭Ͱ΋ਖ਼͘͠ѻ͏͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ ✓ ଞͷίʔυ΁ͷ෭࡞༻͕ͳ͍ ✓ γϯϘϧ΍Ϧιʔε͕িಥ͠ͳ͍ ͱ͍ͬͨ͜ͱ͕ٻΊΒΕΔͷͰɺࠓ೔͸ͦͷ࿩Λ͠·͢ɻ

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1.ΞϓϦͱͷিಥ 2.ྑ͍@interface 3.Ϣχοτςετ τʔΫ֓ཁ

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1.ΞϓϦͱͷিಥ

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2छྨͷিಥ ✗ γϯϘϧͷিಥ ✗ Ϧιʔεͷিಥ

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1.1.γϯϘϧͷিಥ

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✗ Ϋϥεͷিಥ ✗ ΧςΰϦͷϝιουͷিಥ ✗ ఆ਺ͷিಥ

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Duplicated Symbol !!!

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γϯϘϧͷিಥ͸໋໊نଇͰ๷͙͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ ʢେ఍ͷ৔߹ʣ

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1.1.1.Ϋϥεͷ໋໊نଇ

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✓ 3จࣈͷେจࣈpreﬁxΛ͚ͭΔ @interface ISHObject : NSObject ! @end

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Objective-CʹΑΔϓϩάϥϛϯά (p.127) “ಠࣗͷΫϥεʹ͸3จࣈͷϓϨϑΟοΫεΛ͚͍ͭͯͩ͘͞ɻ ձ໊ࣾ ΍ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ໊ʹͪͳΜͩ΋ͷͰ΋ɺॏཁͳίϯϙʔωϯτʹ ༝དྷ͢Δ΋ͷͰ΋ߏ͍·ͤΜɻ” “ͨͱ͑͹ɺձ໊͕ࣾWhispering Oakɺ։ൃ͢ΔήʔϜͷ໊લ͕Zebra SurpriseͰ͋Ε͹ɺ WZS΍WOZͱ͍ͬͨϓϨϑΟοΫεʹ͢ΔͱΑ͍ ͔΋͠Ε·ͤΜɻ”

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Objective-CʹΑΔϓϩάϥϛϯά (p.126) “2จࣈͷϓϨϑΟοΫε͸ɺϑϨʔϜϫʔΫΫϥεʹ࢖͏ͨΊɺ Apple͕༧໿͍ͯ͠·͢ɻ” ✗ IS ✓ NJK

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1.1.2.ΧςΰϦͷϝιουͷ໋໊نଇ

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✓ 3จࣈͷখจࣈpreﬁxΛ͚ͭΔ @interface NSObject (ISHAdditions) ! - (void)ish_additionalMethod; ! @end

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Objective-CʹΑΔϓϩάϥϛϯά (p.74) “Ϋϥε໊ͷϓϨϑΟοΫεͱಉ͡3จࣈͷจࣈྻΛɺϝιου໊ ͷن໿ʹैͬͯখจࣈʹ͠ɺΞϯμʔείΞΛ͸͞ΜͰϝιου ໊ͱ࿈͍݁ͯͩ͘͠͞ɻ” “ಈ࡞͕ෆఆʹͳΔ͜ͱΛճආ͢ΔͨΊɺϑϨʔϜϫʔΫΫϥε ʹΧςΰϦΛఆٛͯ͠ϝιουΛ௥Ճ ͢Δࡍ͸ɺ໊લʹϓϨ ϑΟοΫεΛ͚ͭΔΑ͏ʹ͢ΔͱΑ͍Ͱ͠ΐ͏ɻ”

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App Library methodA methodA ͲͪΒͷmethodAͷ࣮૷͕࣮ߦ͞ΕΔͷ͔ෆఆ

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App Library methodA ish_methodA

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1.1.3.ఆ਺ͷ໋໊نଇ

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✓ ؔ࿈͢ΔΫϥε໊Λ಄ʹ͚ͭΔ extern NSString *const ISHObjectGlobalConstant; ! @interface ISHObject : NSObject ! @end ISHObject.h ISHObject.m NSString *const ISHObjectGlobalConstant = @"Foo"; ! @implementation ISHObject ! @end

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✓ ֎෦͔Βෆཁͳఆ਺͸ඇެ։ʹ͢Δ ISHObject.m static NSString *const ISHLocalConstant = @"Foo"; ! @implementation ISHObject ! @end

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1.1.4.Α͋͘ΔγϯϘϧͷিಥ

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ϥΠϒϥϦ͕ґଘ͢ΔϥΠϒϥϦ͕2ॏʹϏϧυλʔήοτʹ௥Ճ͞Ε͍ͯΔ Library A Library B Library C Library C

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ϥΠϒϥϦ͕ϥΠϒϥϦʹґଘ͢Δ͜ͱѱ͍͜ͱͰ͸ ͳ͍͕ɺར༻ଆͰিಥ͕ى͖ͳ͍Α͏ʹཹҙ͢Δ΂͖

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✓ ֎෦ͷϥΠϒϥϦʹґଘ͢Δ͜ͱΛ໌ه͢Δ ✓ CocoaPodsͳͲͷґଘ؅ཧΛਪ঑͢Δ

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1.1.Ϧιʔεͷিಥ

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ద౰ʹϥΠϒϥϦͷϦιʔεΛѻ͏ͱ ར༻͢ΔΞϓϦͷϦιʔεͱিಥ͢Δ

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[UIImage imageNamed:@"Foo"]; NSLocalizedString(@"Foo", nil);

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NSBundle *bundle = [NSBundle mainBundle]; NSString *filePath = [bundle pathForResource:@"foo" ofType:@"png"]; [UIImage imageWithContentsOfFile:filePath]; NSBundle *bundle = [NSBundle mainBundle]; [bundle localizedStringForKey:@"foo" value:@"" table:nil]; ϝΠϯόϯυϧͷϦιʔεΛಡΜͰ͍Δ

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main bundle foo.png foo.png foo.png͸main bundleʹ1ݸ͔͠ଘࡏͰ͖ͳ͍ ? App Library

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Main bundle foo.png foo.png ϥΠϒϥϦ༻ʹbundleΛͭ͘Ε͹ղܾ Library bundle

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✓ ϝΠϯόϯυϧʹΞΫηε͢Δ΋ͷʹ஫ҙ ✓ Ϧιʔε͸ϥΠϒϥϦઐ༻ͷNSBundleʹೖΕΔ

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2.ྑ͍ @Interface

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✓ Θ͔Γ΍͍͢

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✓ ࣮૷ΛਪଌͰ͖Δ ✓ ޡ༻Λͤ͞ͳ͍

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@interface ISHCache : NSObject ! @property (nonatomic) NSUInteger size; @property (nonatomic) NSUInteger limit; ! - (id)get:(id)key; - (void)set:(id)object key:(id)key; - (void)remove:(id)key; - (void)removeAll; ! @end ✗

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@interface ISHCache : NSObject ! @property (nonatomic, readonly) NSUInteger currentSize; @property (nonatomic, readwrite) NSUInteger sizeLimit; ! - (id)objectForKey:(id)key; - (void)setObject:(id)object forKey:(id)key; - (void)removeObjectForKey:(id)key; - (void)removeAllObjects; ! @end ✓

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✓ ྑ͍ @property ✓ ྑ͍௨஌ύλʔϯ τϐοΫ͸ແݶ͋Δ͕ಛʹॏཁͳ2ͭ

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2.1.ྑ͍ @property

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✓ มߋͷՄ൱Λ໌֬ʹ͢Δ ✓ ϥΠϒϥϦͷར༻ʹඞཁͳ৘ใ͸༩͑Δ ✓ ϥΠϒϥϦͷར༻ʹෆཁͳ৘ใΛ༩͑ͳ͍

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1.1.3.readwrite vs readonly

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readwrite ✓ มߋ͢Δඞཁ͕͋ΔϓϩύςΟ

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readwrite ͍͔ͳΔλΠϛϯάʹมߋ͞Εͯ΋ ΦϒδΣΫτͷ੔߹ੑΛอͯΔ͜ͱ͕๬·͍͠

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ྫ

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- (void)setSizeLimit:(NSUInteger)sizeLimit { _sizeLimit = sizeLimit; ! if (self.currentSize > sizeLimit) { [self removeAllObjects]; } } currentSize < sizeLimit ΛอͭͨΊʹ͜ͷΑ͏ͳ࣮૷͕ظ଴͞ΕΔ NSCache͸͜͏͍͏ڍಈʹͳ͍ͬͯΔ

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readwrite ͍͔ͳΔλΠϛϯάʹมߋ͞Εͯ΋ ΦϒδΣΫτͷ੔߹ੑΛอͯΔ͜ͱ͕๬·͍͠

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͜͏͍࣮ͬͨ૷͕໘౗Ͱɺ ͦ΋ͦ΋มߋ͢Δඞཁ΋ͳ͍৔߹͸?

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readonly ✓ มߋ͢Δඞཁ͕ͳ͍ϓϩύςΟ ✓ มߋΛېࢭ͍ͨ͠ϓϩύςΟ

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readonly มߋΛؾʹ͠ͳͯ͘ࡁΉ

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ྫ

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@interface ISHCache : NSObject ! @property (nonatomic, readonly) NSUInteger currentSize; @property (nonatomic, readonly) NSUInteger sizeLimit; ! - (instancetype)initWithSizeLimit:(NSUInteger)sizeLimit; ! - (id)objectForKey:(id)key; - (void)setObject:(id)object forKey:(id)key; - (void)removeObjectForKey:(id)key; - (void)removeAllObjects; ! @end

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- (instancetype)initWithSizeLimit:(NSUInteger)sizeLimit { self = [super init]; if (self) { _sizeLimit = sizeLimit; } return self; } มߋͰ͖ͳ͍୅ΘΓʹॳظԽ࣌ʹ஋Λ౉͢

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·ͱΊΔͱ

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readwrite ✓ มߋ͢Δඞཁ͕͋ΔϓϩύςΟ ✓ มߋ͞Εͯ΋੔߹ੑ͕อͨΕΔ readonly ✓ มߋ͢Δඞཁ͕ͳ͍ϓϩύςΟ ✓ มߋΛېࢭ͍ͨ͠ϓϩύςΟ

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2.2.ྑ͍௨஌ύλʔϯ

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✓ blocks ✓ delegate ✓ NSNotiﬁcation ✓ KVO

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2.2.1.blocks

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✓ ௨஌͕ಛఆͷϝιουʹ݁ͼͭ͘ ✓ ௨஌ͷछྨ͕গͳ͍৔߹ ద͍ͯ͠Δέʔε UIDocument *document; [document openWithCompletionHandler:^(BOOL success) { // completed }];

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✓ Ҿ਺ʹ͸݁ՌΛ౉͢ ✓ Τϥʔ͕૝ఆ͞ΕΔ৔߹͸NSError΋౉͢ ࡞๏ GKTurnBasedMatch *match; [match acceptInviteWithCompletionHandler:^(GKTurnBasedMatch *match, NSError *error) { ; }];

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blocksͷߏจ͸ҟ༷ʹෳࡶ

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✓ http://fuckingblocksyntax.com ✓ Ѫ͕͋Ε͹໰୊ͳ͍

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2.2.2.delegate

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✓ ௨஌͕ಛఆͷΦϒδΣΫτʹ݁ͼͭ͘ ✓ ௨஌ͷछྨ͕ଟ͍ ✓ ௨஌ͷड͚ख͕1͔ͭ͠ͳ͍ ద͍ͯ͠Δέʔε @optional ! - (void)scrollViewDidScroll:(UIScrollView *)scrollView; - (void)scrollViewDidZoom:(UIScrollView *)scrollView; - (void)scrollViewWillBeginDragging:(UIScrollView *)scrollView; - (void)scrollViewWillBeginDecelerating:(UIScrollView *)scrollView; ໋໊نଇʹ͍ͭͯ͸Cocoa޲͚ίʔσΟϯάΨΠυϥΠϯ, p.15Λࢀর

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2.2.3.NSNotiﬁcation

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✓ ௨஌ͷड͚ख͕ଟ͍ ✓ ௨஌ͷૹ৴ݩͱड͚ख͕ԕ͍ͱ͖ ద͍ͯ͠Δέʔε άϩʔόϧͳ௨஌ʹͳΔͷͰ҆қʹ࠾༻ͤͣɺ ઌʹdelegate, BlocksͰ࣮ݱͰ͖ͳ͍͔ݕ౼͢Δɻ

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2.3.ྑ͍@interface·ͱΊ

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✓ దࡐదॴ readwrite readonly ✓ blocks ✓ delegate ✓ NSNotiﬁcation ✓ KVO

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3.Ϣχοτςετ

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3.1.ςετΛॻ͘ཧ༝

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ςετΛॻ͍ͨํ͕։ൃ͕଎͍Օॴ͕͋Δ (σϞΞϓϦͰσόοά͢ΔΑΓ΋)

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- (void)testSetObjectForKey { id object = [[NSObject alloc] init]; id key = @"foo"; ! [cache setObject:object forKey:key]; ! XCTAssertEqual(cache.currentSize, 1U); XCTAssertEqualObjects([cache objectForKey:key], object); }

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✓ setObject:forKey:ͷ࣮ߦ࣌ʹsizeLimitΛ௒͑Δ৔߹͸ʁ ✓ setObject:forKey:ͷ࣮ߦޙʹsizeLimitΛখͨ͘͞͠৔߹͸ʁ ✓ removeAllObjectsͷ࣮ߦޙͷcurrentSize͸ʁ ͱ͍͏৚݅ΛσϞΞϓϦ্Ͱຖճσόοά͢Δ͸ඇৗʹͭΒ͍͕ɺ Ϣχοτςετ͸1౓ॻ͚͹܁Γฦ࣮͠ߦͰ͖Δɻ

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ίʔυ͕յΕ͍ͯΔ͜ͱΛ͙͢ʹൃݟͰ͖Δ ௕ظʹΘͨͬͯෳ਺ਓ͕ϝϯςφϯε͢ΔϓϩάϥϜ͸յΕ΍͍͢ ςετ͸ϓϩάϥϜ͕ਖ਼͍͜͠ͱͷূ໌Ͱ͸ͳ͍

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✓ setObject:forKey:ͷ࣮ߦ࣌ʹsizeLimitΛ௒͑Δ৔߹͸ʁ ✓ setObject:forKey:ͷ࣮ߦޙʹsizeLimitΛখͨ͘͞͠৔߹͸ʁ ✓ removeAllObjectsͷ࣮ߦޙͷcurrentSize͸ʁ ͲΕ͔1͚ͭͩյΕͨ͜ͱΛσϞΞϓϦ্Ͱ ݕ஌͢Δ͜ͱ͸೉͍͕͠ɺϢχοτςετͳΒ؆୯

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ϥΠϒϥϦͷςετͷϝϦοτ͸ ίετʹݟ߹͏͜ͱ͕ଟ͍ ΞϓϦͱൺ΂ͯ࢓༷มߋ͕͘͢ͳ͍ͷͰɺ ςετίʔυ͕ΰϛʹͳΔ֬཰͕௿͍

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ϥΠϒϥϦʹର͢ΔϢχοτςετΛॻ͘ཧ༝͸े෼

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3.2.CIΛಋೖ͢Δ

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͔ͤͬ͘ςετΛॻ͍ͨͷͰ࣮֬ʹ࣮ߦ͍ͨ͠ git pushͷલʹඞͣςετΛ࣮ߦͰ͖Δਓؒ͸গͳ͍

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Git repository CI server Developer git push git hook Build report CI

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git push͢Δͱ΋Εͳ͘Ϩϙʔτ͕΋Β͑Δ࢓૊Έ ✓ ϏϧυͰ͖Δ͔ʁ ✓ ςετ͸௨͔ͬͨʁ ✓ ίʔυΧόϨοδ͸ʁ

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3.2.1.CIͷηοτΞοϓ

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࠷୹ϧʔτ: λʔϛφϧ͔ΒϏϧυͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹ

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xcodebuild clean test \ -sdk iphonesimulator \ -workspace ISDiskCache.xcworkspace \ -scheme ISDiskCache \ -configuration Debug \ -destination "name=iPhone Retina (4-inch),OS=7.0" ཁ͢ΔʹΫϦʔϯͯ͠ςετͯ͠ͶͬͯίϚϯυ ͋ͱ͸͜ΕΛCIαʔόʔʹ఻͑Δ͚ͩͰOK

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3.2.2.WebαʔϏε

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CI αʔϏε

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Git repository CI server Developer git push git hook Build report

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GitHub Developer git push git hook Build report

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✓ public repository͸ແྉ ✓ GitHub࿈ܞ ✓ status badge

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֘౰ίϛοτͷϏϧυͷঢ়ଶ͕Θ͔Δ !!!

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ίʔυΧόϨοδදࣔαʔϏε

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֘౰ίϛοτͷίʔυΧόϨοδ͕Θ͔Δ

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GitHub Developer git push git hook Build report Coverage report

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✓ public repository͸ແྉ ✓ GitHub࿈ܞ ✓ status badge

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྆ํηοτΞοϓ͢Δͱ͜Μͳײ͡

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https://github.com/ishkawa/ISDiskCache/

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3.3.Ϣχοτςετ·ͱΊ

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✓ ςετͷಋೖͰ։ൃ͕଎͘ͳΔՕॴ΋͋Δ ✓ յΕͨՕॴΛൃݟ͠΍͘͢ͳΔ ✓ ϥΠϒϥϦͷςετ͸ΞϓϦͷςετΑΓߴCP ✓ CIͰৗʹςετ͞Εͨঢ়ଶΛอͭ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ

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·ͱΊ

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1.ಋೖઌͷΞϓϦͱͷিಥʹؾΛ͚ͭΔ 2.ଞਓʹΘ͔Γ΍͍͢ΠϯλʔϑΣʔεʹ͢Δ 3.඼࣭͕མͪʹ͍͘࢓૊ΈΛಋೖ͢Δ ϥΠϒϥϦΛެ։͢Δͱ͖͸….