[ZendCon 2017] PHP 7.NEXT: The New Bits

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PHP 7.NEXT:   THE NEW BITS

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D AV E Y S H A F I K • Developer • Author • Open Source Contributor • Release Manager for PHP 7.1 • @dshafik

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h tt p : / /d e v e l o p e r. a ka m a i .co m

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Let’s start a conversation about mental health in tech mhprompt.org

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R E L E A S E M A N A G E R @ D S H A F I K

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P H P I S D E A D CC-BY 2.0: Nana B Agyei @ D S H A F I K

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S I N G L E - PAG E A P P L I C AT I O N S A R E T H E F U T U R E @ D S H A F I K

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S I N G L E PA G E A P P L I C AT I O N S A R E T H E F U T U R E 2011 2016 Source: Google Trends @ D S H A F I K

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S I N G L E PA G E A P P L I C AT I O N S A R E T H E F U T U R E 2011 2016 Source: Google Trends @ D S H A F I K

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C L I E N T S I D E M VC F R A M E W O R K S A R E T H E F U T U R E @ D S H A F I K

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C L I E N T S I D E M V C F R A M E W O R K S A R E T H E F U T U R E 2010 2016 angular react Source: Google Trends @ D S H A F I K

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J AVA S C R I PT I S T H E F U T U R E @ D S H A F I K

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J AVA S C R I PT I S W I N N I N G 2004 2016 @ D S H A F I K

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J AVA S C R I PT I S 2004 2016 @ D S H A F I K

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W H AT A B O U T P H P ? @ D S H A F I K

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P H P I S Source: Google Trends 2016 2004 @ D S H A F I K

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P H P I S J AVA S C R I PT Source: Google Trends 2016 2004 @ D S H A F I K

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N E W L A N G UAG E S A R E W I N N I N G @ D S H A F I K

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R UST I S W I N N I N G 2012 2016 Source: Google Trends @ D S H A F I K

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R UST I S W I N N I N G 2012 2016 Source: Google Trends @ D S H A F I K

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G O L A N G I S W I N N I N G Source: Google Trends 2010 2016 @ D S H A F I K

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G O L A N G I S W I N N I N G 2010 2016 Source: Google Trends @ D S H A F I K

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G O L A N G V S R UST 2010 2016 Golang Rust Source: Google Trends @ D S H A F I K

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G O L A N G V S R UST V S P H P 2010 2016 Rust Golang PHP Source: Google Trends @ D S H A F I K

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M AY B E I T ’ S T H E PA R A D I G M ? @ D S H A F I K

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O BJ E CT O R I E N T E D V S F U N CT I O N A L P R O G R A M M I N G 2004 2016 Object-Oriented Functional Source: Google Trends @ D S H A F I K

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O BJ E CT O R I E N T E D V S F U N CT I O N A L P R O G R A M M I N G 2004 2016 Object-Oriented Functional Source: Google Trends @ D S H A F I K

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M AY B E I T ’ S T H E S K I L LS E T ! @ D S H A F I K

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F U L L STA C K D E V E LO P E R V S 1 0 X E N G I N E E R 2010 2016 Full Stack Developer 10X Engineer Source: Google Trends @ D S H A F I K

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F U L L STA C K D E V E LO P E R V S 1 0 X E N G I N E E R 2016 10X engineer Full Stack Developer PHP Developer Source: Google Trends @ D S H A F I K

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R I P H P ? CC-BY 2.0: johnny myreng henriksen @ D S H A F I K

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W H AT D O E S P R O G R E SS LO O K L I K E ? CC-BY 2.0: damon jah @ D S H A F I K

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P H P U S A G E PHP ASP.NET Java Static Files Coldfusion Ruby Other 1.1% 0.6% 0.6% 1.5% 2.6% 15.1% 82.6% Source: w3techs (Perl, JavaScript, Python, Erlang) @ D S H A F I K

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P H P U S A G E 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 7.0 7.1 17.64% 36.12% 31.44% 10.61% 3.11% 0.98% Source: w3techs @ D S H A F I K

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P H P U S A G E 5.x 7.x 53.76% 46.14% Source: w3techs @ D S H A F I K

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P H P R E L E A S E S 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2012-02 2012-05 2012-08 2012-11 2013-02 2013-05 2013-08 2013-11 2014-02 2014-05 2014-08 2014-11 2015-02 2015-05 2015-08 2015-11 2016-02 2016-05 Source: php-src git repository @ D S H A F I K

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P H P V E RS I O N US A G E PHP 7.x PHP 5.x PHP 4.x 1.1% 97.8% 1.2% Source: w3techs @ D S H A F I K

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CO N T E XT: 1 2 M O N T H S @ D S H A F I K

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P H P 5 : T H E F I RST 1 2 M O N T H S PHP 5.0 Release Source: Google Trends @ D S H A F I K

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P H P 7 : T H E F I RST 1 2 M O N T H S PHP 7.0 Release Source: Google Trends @ D S H A F I K

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P H P 7 : T H E F I RST 1 2 M O N T H S PHP 7 PHP 5 PHP 7.0 Release Source: Google Trends PHP 5.0/7.0 Release @ D S H A F I K

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T H I R D - PA RTY E CO SYST E M @ D S H A F I K

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PAC K AG I ST: PA C KA G E S & R E L E A S E S Source: Packagist @ D S H A F I K 0K 150K 300K 450K 600K 2011-09 2012-01 2012-05 2012-09 2013-01 2013-05 2013-09 2014-01 2014-05 2014-09 2015-01 2015-05 2015-09 2016-01 2016-05 568K 105K Packages Versions

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PA C K AG I ST: PAC K AG E I N STA L LS ( AV E R A G E / M O N T H ) 0M 45M 90M 135M 180M 2012-04 2012-07 2012-10 2013-01 2013-04 2013-07 2013-10 2014-01 2014-04 2014-07 2014-10 2015-01 2015-04 2015-07 2015-10 2016-01 2016-04 169M Source: Packagist @ D S H A F I K

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P H P : A F R A C TA L O F B A D D E S I G N CC-BY 2.0: Ian Baker A P R I L 9 T H 2 0 1 2 @ D S H A F I K

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P R E D I CTA B L E & CO N S I ST E N T CC-BY-SA: InSapphoWeTrust @ D S H A F I K

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L AT E STAT I C B I N D I N G @ D S H A F I K

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U N I F O R M VA R I A B L E SY N TA X @ D S H A F I K

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L A N G UA G E S P E C I F I C AT I O N @ D S H A F I K

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CO N C I S E CC-BY 2.0: Dean Hochman @ D S H A F I K

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C LO S U R E S @ D S H A F I K

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C A L L A B L E S @ D S H A F I K

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T R A I TS @ D S H A F I K

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G E N E R ATO RS @ D S H A F I K

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A N O N Y M O US C L A SS E S @ D S H A F I K

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R E L I A B L E CC-BY 2.0: mpclemens @ D S H A F I K

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S H A R E D - N OT H I N G A R C H I T E CT U R E @ D S H A F I K

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P H P- F P M @ D S H A F I K

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D E B U G G A B L E CC-BY-SA 2.0: Peter Grima @ D S H A F I K

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X D E B U G @ D S H A F I K

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P H P D B G @ D S H A F I K

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P H P I S N OT E VO LV I N G CC-BY 2.0: Duncan Hull @ D S H A F I K

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S H O RT E C H O TAG S P H P 5 . 4 @ D S H A F I K

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B I N A R Y N U M B E RS P H P 5 . 4 @ D S H A F I K

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S H O RT A R R AY SY N TA X P H P 5 . 4 @ D S H A F I K

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A R R AY D E R E F E R E N C I N G P H P 5 . 4 @ D S H A F I K

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C LO S U R E $ T H I S B I N D I N G P H P 5 . 4 @ D S H A F I K

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C A L L A B L E TY P E H I N T P H P 5 . 4 @ D S H A F I K

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T R A I TS P H P 5 . 4 @ D S H A F I K

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B U I LT I N C L I S E R V E R P H P 5 . 4 @ D S H A F I K

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L I ST S U P P O RT I N FO R E A C H P H P 5 . 5 @ D S H A F I K

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A R B I T R A R Y E X P R E SS I O N S U P P O RT F O R E M P T Y ( ) P H P 5 . 5 @ D S H A F I K

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ST R I N G /A R R AY D E R E F E R E N C I N G P H P 5 . 5 @ D S H A F I K

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F I N A L LY B LO C K S P H P 5 . 5 @ D S H A F I K

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E XT/ PA SS W O R D P H P 5 . 5 @ D S H A F I K

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G E N E R ATO RS P H P 5 . 5 @ D S H A F I K

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L A N G UA G E S P E C I F I C AT I O N T H A N K S FAC E B O O K ! @ D S H A F I K

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E X P O N E N T O P E R ATO R ( T _ P O W ) P H P 5 . 6 @ D S H A F I K

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CO N STA N T S C A L A R E X P R E SS I O N S P H P 5 . 6 @ D S H A F I K

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P H P D B G P H P 5 . 6 @ D S H A F I K

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I M P O RT F U N CT I O N S / CO N STA N TS P H P 5 . 6 @ D S H A F I K

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VA R I A D I CS P H P 5 . 6 @ D S H A F I K

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A R G U M E N T U N PAC K I N G ( S P L AT ) P H P 5 . 6 @ D S H A F I K

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R E M O V E A LT E R N AT I V E P H P TA G S P H P 7 . 0 @ D S H A F I K

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R E M O V E P O S I X R E G E X P H P 7 . 0 @ D S H A F I K

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R E M O V E E XT/ M YS Q L P H P 7 . 0 @ D S H A F I K

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2 . 4 X FA ST E R P H P 7 . 0 @ D S H A F I K

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A BST R ACT SY N TA X T R E E P H P 7 . 0 @ D S H A F I K

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U N I F O R M VA R I A B L E SY N TA X P H P 7 . 0 @ D S H A F I K

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E N G I N E E XC E PT I O N S P H P 7 . 0 @ D S H A F I K

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U N I CO D E E S C A P E SY N TA X P H P 7 . 0 @ D S H A F I K

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N U L L COA L E S C E O P E R ATO R P H P 7 . 0 @ D S H A F I K

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B I N D C LO S U R E O N C A L L P H P 7 . 0 @ D S H A F I K

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G R O U P US E D E C L A R AT I O N S P H P 7 . 0 @ D S H A F I K

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G E N E R ATO R D E L E G AT I O N P H P 7 . 0 @ D S H A F I K

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G E N E R ATO R R E T U R N VA LU E S P H P 7 . 0 @ D S H A F I K

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A N O N Y M O US C L A SS E S P H P 7 . 0 @ D S H A F I K

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S C A L A R TY P E H I N TS P H P 7 . 0 @ D S H A F I K

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R E T U R N H I N TS P H P 7 . 0 @ D S H A F I K

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ST R I CT TY P E S P H P 7 . 0 @ D S H A F I K

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S PA C E S H I P O P E R ATO R P H P 7 . 0 @ D S H A F I K

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CO M B I N E D CO M PA R I S O N O P E R ATO R P H P 7 . 0 @ D S H A F I K

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P R E S E N T DAY Credit: NASA/KSC @ D S H A F I K

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@ D S H A F I K

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TO O F E W A R G U M E N TS E XC E PT I O N @ D S H A F I K

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TO O F E W A R G U M E N TS E XC E PT I O N • Throw an exception when too few arguments are passed to a user defined function/method regardless of strict types • Backwards compatibility break @ D S H A F I K

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TO O F E W A R G U M E N TS E XC E PT I O N function hello($whom) { echo "Hello $whom"; } hello(); 1 2 3 4 5 6 @ D S H A F I K

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function hello($whom) { echo "Hello $whom"; } hello(); TO O F E W A R G U M E N TS E XC E PT I O N 1 2 3 4 5 6 @ D S H A F I K

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function hello($whom) { echo "Hello $whom"; } hello(); TO O F E W A R G U M E N TS E XC E PT I O N 1 2 3 4 5 6 @ D S H A F I K

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function hello($whom) { echo "Hello $whom"; } hello(); TO O F E W A R G U M E N TS E XC E PT I O N 1 2 3 4 5 6 @ D S H A F I K

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function hello($whom) { echo "Hello $whom"; } hello(); TO O F E W A R G U M E N TS E XC E PT I O N 1 2 3 4 5 6 Warning: Missing argument 1 for hello(), called in on line 6 and defined in on line 1

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function hello($whom) { echo "Hello $whom"; } hello(); TO O F E W A R G U M E N TS E XC E PT I O N 1 2 3 4 5 6 Notice: Undefined variable: what in on line 4 Hello

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TO O F E W A R G U M E N TS E XC E PT I O N 1 2 3 4 5 6 function hello($whom) { echo "Hello $whom"; } hello(); @ D S H A F I K

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function hello($whom) { echo "Hello $whom"; } hello(); TO O F E W A R G U M E N TS E XC E PT I O N 1 2 3 4 5 6 Fatal error: Uncaught ArgumentCountError: Too few arguments to function hello(), 0 passed in on line 6 and exactly 1 expected in :2

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TO O F E W A R G U M E N TS E XC E PT I O N function hello($whom) { echo "Hello $whom"; } try { hello(); } catch (\ArgumentCountError $e) { // Handle exception } 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

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function hello($whom) { echo "Hello $whom"; } try { hello(); } catch (\ArgumentCountError $e) { // Handle exception } TO O F E W A R G U M E N TS E XC E PT I O N 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

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function hello($whom) { echo "Hello $whom"; } try { hello(); } catch (\ArgumentCountError $e) { // Handle exception } TO O F E W A R G U M E N TS E XC E PT I O N 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

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N E G AT I V E ST R I N G O F FS E TS @ D S H A F I K

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N E G AT I V E ST R I N G O F FS E TS • Consistently support negative string offsets • Similar to substr() • In string character accessors • Internal functions @ D S H A F I K

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N E G AT I V E ST R I N G O F FS E TS $path = "/path/to/somewhere/"; if (substr($path, -1) !== '/') { $path = substr($path, 0, -1); } @ D S H A F I K

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N E G AT I V E ST R I N G O F FS E TS $path = "/path/to/somewhere/"; if ($path[-1] === '/') { $path = substr($path, 0, -1); } @ D S H A F I K

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N E G AT I V E ST R I N G O F FS E TS $path = "/path/to/somewhere/"; if ($path{-1} === '/') { $path = substr($path, 0, -1); } @ D S H A F I K

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S E T C H A R A CT E RS $string = "abc"; $string[-2] = "z"; // $string == "azc" @ D S H A F I K

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C H E C K L E N GT H if (strlen($_POST['password']) < 8) { // Do something } if (!isset($_POST['password'][7])) { // Do something } if (!isset($_POST['password'][-8])) { // Do something } @ D S H A F I K

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if (strlen($_POST['password']) < 8) { // Do something } if (!isset($_POST['password'][7])) { // Do something } if (!isset($_POST['password'][-8])) { // Do something } C H E C K L E N GT H @ D S H A F I K

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F U N CT I O N S U P P O RT strpos() stripos() substr_count() grapheme_strpos() grapheme_stripos() grapheme_extract() iconv_strpos() file_get_contents() mb_strimwidth() mb_ereg_search_setpos() mb_strpos() mb_stripos() @ D S H A F I K

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C LO S U R E F R O M C A L L A B L E @ D S H A F I K

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C LO S U R E F R O M C A L L A B L E class Closure { public static function fromCallable(callable $callable): Closure  {  ...  }  } @ D S H A F I K

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C LO S I N G OV E R S CO P E @ D S H A F I K

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C LO S I N G O V E R S CO P E class Validator { public function getValidatorCallback($validationType) { if ($validationType == 'email') { return [$this, 'emailValidation']; } return [$this, 'genericValidation']; } private function emailValidation($userData) {...} private function genericValidation($userData) {...} } $validator = new Validator(); $callback = $validator->getValidatorCallback('email'); $callback($userData); @ D S H A F I K

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C LO S I N G O V E R S CO P E Fatal error: Uncaught Error: Call to private method Validator::emailValidation() from context '' in : @ D S H A F I K

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C LO S I N G O V E R S CO P E class Validator { public function getValidatorCallback($validationType) { if ($validationType == 'email') { return [$this, 'emailValidation']; } return [$this, 'genericValidation']; } public function emailValidation($userData) {...} public function genericValidation($userData) {...} } $validator = new Validator(); $callback = $validator->getValidatorCallback('email'); $callback($userData); @ D S H A F I K

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C LO S I N G O V E R S CO P E class Validator { public function getValidatorCallback($validationType) { if ($validationType == 'email') { return Closure::fromCallable([$this, 'emailValidation']); } return Closure::fromCallable([$this, 'genericValidation']); } private function emailValidation($userData) {...} private function genericValidation($userData) {...} } $validator = new Validator(); $callback = $validator->getValidatorCallback('email'); $callback($userData); @ D S H A F I K

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B E T T E R E R R O R H A N D L I N G @ D S H A F I K

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B E T T E R E R R O R H A N D L I N G class Validator { public function getValidatorCallback($validationType) { if ($validationType == 'email') { return Closure::fromCallable([$this, 'emailValidation']); } return Closure::fromCallable([$this, 'genericValidation']); } private function emailValidation($userData) {...} private function genericValidation($userData) {...} } $validator = new Validator(); $callback = $validator->getValidatorCallback('email'); $callback($userData); @ D S H A F I K

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B E T T E R E R R O R H A N D L I N G class Validator { public function getValidatorCallback($validationType) { if ($validationType == 'email') { return Closure::fromCallable([$this, 'emailValdation']); } return Closure::fromCallable([$this, 'genericValidation']); } private function emailValidation($userData) {...} private function genericValidation($userData) {...} } $validator = new Validator(); $callback = $validator->getValidatorCallback('email'); $callback($userData); @ D S H A F I K

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B E T T E R E R R O R H A N D L I N G TypeError: Failed to create closure from callable: class 'Validator' does not have a method 'emailValdation' in : @ D S H A F I K

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B E T T E R E R R O R H A N D L I N G TypeError: Failed to create closure from callable: function 'foo' not found or invalid function name in : @ D S H A F I K

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C L A SS CO N STA N T V I S I B I L I TY @ D S H A F I K

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C L A SS CO N STA N T V I S I B I L I TY class MyClass { const MY_CONSTANT = 0; const MY_OTHER_CONSTANT = 1; const MY_FAVORITE_CONSTANT = 2; const FOO = 1, BAR = 2; } @ D S H A F I K

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C L A SS CO N STA N T V I S I B I L I TY class MyClass { public const MY_CONSTANT = 0; protected const MY_OTHER_CONSTANT = 1; private const MY_FAVORITE_CONSTANT = 2; private const FOO = 1, BAR = 2; } @ D S H A F I K

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I N T E R FA C E CO N STA N T V I S I B I L I TY interface MyInterface { public const MY_CONSTANT = 0; protected const MY_OTHER_CONSTANT = 1; private const MY_FAVORITE_CONSTANT = 2; private const FOO = 1, BAR = 2; } @ D S H A F I K

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E N H A N C E M E N TS TO R E F L E CT I O N • Added ReflectionClass->getReflectionConstant() • Added ReflectionClass->getReflectionConstants() • Both return ReflectionClassConstant instances @ D S H A F I K

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E N H A N C E M E N TS TO R E F L E CT I O N class ReflectionClassConstant { public function getName() { } public function getValue() { } public function isPublic() { } public function isPrivate() { } public function isProtected() { } public function getModifiers() { } public function getDeclaringClass() { } public function getDocComment() { } } @ D S H A F I K

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C ATC H I N G M U LT I P L E E XC E PT I O N S @ D S H A F I K

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C ATC H I N G M U LT I P L E E XC E PT I O N S try { ... } catch (\PDOException $e) { \My\App::renderError(500); } catch (\My\RequestException $e) { \My\App::renderError(500); } catch (\My\RequestMethodException $e) { \My\App::renderError(405); } @ D S H A F I K

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C ATC H I N G M U LT I P L E E XC E PT I O N S try { ... } catch (\PDOException | \My\RequestException $e) { \My\App::renderError(500); } catch (\My\RequestMethodException $e) { \My\App::renderError(405); } @ D S H A F I K

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L I S T ( ) I M P R OV E M E N TS @ D S H A F I K

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S P E C I F Y I N G K E YS I N L I S T ( ) @ D S H A F I K

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S P E C I F Y I N G K E YS I N L I S T ( ) $coords = [ 'lat' => '1.3521° N', 'long' => '103.8198° E' ]; list($lat, $long) = $coords; var_dump($lat, $long); @ D S H A F I K

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S P E C I F Y I N G K E YS I N L I S T ( ) $coords = [ 'lat' => '1.3521° N', 'long' => '103.8198° E' ]; list($lat, $long) = $coords; var_dump($lat, $long); Notice: Undefined offset: 0  Notice: Undefined offset: 1 @ D S H A F I K

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S P E C I F Y I N G K E YS I N L I S T ( ) $coords = [ 'lat' => '1.3521° N', 'long' => '103.8198° E' ]; list($lat, $long) = $coords; var_dump($lat, $long); $lat === NULL  $long === NULL @ D S H A F I K

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S P E C I F Y I N G K E YS I N L I S T ( ) $coords = [ 'lat' => '1.3521° N', 'long' => '103.8198° E' ]; list($lat, $long) = $coords; var_dump($lat, $long); @ D S H A F I K

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S P E C I F Y I N G K E YS I N L I S T ( ) $coords = [ 'lat' => '1.3521° N', 'long' => '103.8198° E' ]; list('lat' => $lat, 'long' => $long) = $coords; var_dump($lat, $long); @ D S H A F I K

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S P E C I F Y I N G K E YS I N L I S T ( ) $coords = [ 'lat' => '1.3521° N', 'long' => '103.8198° E' ]; list('lat' => $lat, 'long' => $long) = $coords; var_dump($lat, $long); $lat === '1.3521° N'  $long === '103.8198° E' @ D S H A F I K

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S K I P P I N G N U M E R I C K E YS @ D S H A F I K

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S K I P P I N G N U M E R I C K E YS list( , $lat, $long, , , $name ) = getLocation(); @ D S H A F I K

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S K I P P I N G N U M E R I C K E YS list( , $lat, $long, , , $name ) = getLocation(); @ D S H A F I K

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S K I P P I N G N U M E R I C K E YS list( 1 => $lat, 2 => $long, 5 => $name ) = getLocation(); @ D S H A F I K

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S H O RT L I ST ( ) SY N TA X @ D S H A F I K

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S H O RT L I ST ( ) SY N TA X list('lat' => $lat, 'long' => $long) = $coords; @ D S H A F I K

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S H O RT L I ST ( ) SY N TA X ['lat' => $lat, 'long' => $long] = $coords; @ D S H A F I K

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S H O RT L I ST ( ) SY N TA X : M U T UA L LY E XC LU S I V E SY N TA X // This is not allowed: list([$a, $b], [$c, $d]) = [[1, 2], [3, 4]]; // This is also not allowed: [list($a, $b), list($c, $d)] = [[1, 2], [3, 4]]; // This, however, is allowed: [[$a, $b], [$c, $d]] = [[1, 2], [3, 4]]; // This also: list(list($a, $b), list($c, $d)) = [[1, 2], [3, 4]]; @ D S H A F I K

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I T E R A B L E PS U E D OTY P E @ D S H A F I K

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I T E R A B L E P S U E D OTY P E • Similar to callable but values you can foreach, or yield • Accepts any array, or object that implements Traversable • SPL Iterators • Generators • Can be used for return value @ D S H A F I K

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I T E R A B L E P S U E D OTY P E function enumerate(iterable $args) { foreach ($args as $arg) { echo $args; } } @ D S H A F I K

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I T E R A B L E P S U E D OTY P E function enumerate(iterable $args) { foreach ($args as $arg) { echo $args; } }

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I T E R A B L E P S U E D OTY P E : R E T U R N TY P E function compactor(... $args): iterable { return $args; } @ D S H A F I K

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I T E R A B L E P S U E D OTY P E : R E T U R N TY P E function compactor(... $args): iterable { return $args; } @ D S H A F I K

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I T E R A B L E P S U E D OTY P E : G E N E R ATO RS function compactor(... $args): iterable { foreach ($args as $arg) { yield $arg; } } @ D S H A F I K

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A D D S I S _ I T E R A B L E ( ) F U N CT I O N // true is_iterable([1, 2, 3]); is_iterable(new ArrayIterator([1, 2, 3])); is_iterable((function () { yield 1; })()); // false is_iterable(1); is_iterable("Hello World"); is_iterable(new stdClass()); @ D S H A F I K

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V O I D R E T U R N TY P E @ D S H A F I K

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V O I D R E T U R N TY P E • PHP functions implicitly return null • There is a semantic difference between returning null, and returning nothing (or not returning) • Void enforces this behavior • Can only be used as a return type • Cannot be changed in sub-classes @ D S H A F I K

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function return_nothing(): void {  return null;  } V O I D R E T U R N TY P E @ D S H A F I K

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function return_nothing(): void {  return null;  } V O I D R E T U R N TY P E @ D S H A F I K

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function return_nothing(): void {  return null;  } V O I D R E T U R N TY P E @ D S H A F I K

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V O I D R E T U R N TY P E function return_nothing(): void {  return null;  } Fatal error: A void function must not return a value (did you mean "return;" instead of "return null;"?) @ D S H A F I K

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V O I D R E T U R N TY P E function return_nothing(): void {  return "nothing";  } Fatal error: A void function must not return a value @ D S H A F I K

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V O I D R E T U R N TY P E function return_nothing(): void {  return;  } // or function return_nothing(): void { // no return  } @ D S H A F I K

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N U L L A B L E TY P E S @ D S H A F I K

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N U L L A B L E TY P E S • Allow specified type, or null • Requires an explicit null, doesn’t default to null • Works for Arguments & Return Types • Prefix type with a ? (question mark) @ D S H A F I K

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function hello(string $whom)  {  echo "Hello " . ($whom ?? "World");  } hello(); N U L L A B L E TY P E S @ D S H A F I K

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function hello(string $whom)  {  echo "Hello " . ($whom ?? "World");  } hello(); N U L L A B L E TY P E S @ D S H A F I K

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function hello(?string $whom)  {  echo "Hello " . ($whom ?? "World");  } hello(); N U L L A B L E TY P E S @ D S H A F I K

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function hello(?string $whom)  {  echo "Hello " . ($whom ?? "World");  } hello(); N U L L A B L E TY P E S @ D S H A F I K

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N U L L A B L E TY P E S function hello(?string $whom)  {  echo "Hello " . ($whom ?? "World");  } hello(); Fatal error: Uncaught Error: Too few arguments to function hello(), 0 passed in on line 6 and exactly 1 expected in :2

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N U L L A B L E TY P E S function hello(?string $whom)  {  echo "Hello " . ($whom ?? "World");  } hello(null); @ D S H A F I K

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N U L L A B L E TY P E S function hello(?string $whom)  {  echo "Hello " . ($whom ?? "World");  } hello(null); @ D S H A F I K

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N U L L A B L E TY P E S function hello(?string $whom  {  echo "Hello " . ($whom ?? "World");  } hello( = null ) ); null @ D S H A F I K

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N U L L A B L E R E T U R N TY P E S @ D S H A F I K

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N U L L A B L E TY P E S function hello(?string $whom): string  { if ($whom !== null) {  return "Hello $whom"; } } echo hello("World"); // Hello World @ D S H A F I K

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function hello(?string $whom): string  { if ($whom !== null) {  return "Hello $whom"; } } echo hello("World"); // Hello World N U L L A B L E TY P E S @ D S H A F I K

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function hello(?string $whom): string  { if ($whom !== null) {  return "Hello $whom"; } } echo hello("World"); // Hello World N U L L A B L E TY P E S @ D S H A F I K

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N U L L A B L E TY P E S function hello(?string $whom): string  { if ($whom !== null) {  return "Hello $whom"; } } echo hello(null); @ D S H A F I K

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N U L L A B L E TY P E S TypeError: Return value of hello() must be of the type string, none returned @ D S H A F I K

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N U L L A B L E TY P E S function hello(?string $whom): string  { if ($whom !== null) {  return "Hello $whom"; } } echo hello(null); @ D S H A F I K

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N U L L A B L E TY P E S function hello(?string $whom): ?string  { if ($whom !== null) {  return "Hello $whom"; } } echo hello(null); @ D S H A F I K

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N U L L A B L E TY P E S TypeError: Return value of hello() must be of the type string, none returned @ D S H A F I K

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N U L L A B L E TY P E S function hello(?string $whom): ?string  { if ($whom !== null) {  return "Hello $whom"; }  return; } echo hello(null); @ D S H A F I K

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N U L L A B L E TY P E S Fatal error: A function with return type must return a value (did you mean "return null;" instead of "return;"?) @ D S H A F I K

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N U L L A B L E TY P E S function hello(?string $whom): ?string  { if ($whom !== null) {  return "Hello $whom"; }  return } echo hello(null); null ; // null @ D S H A F I K

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CU R R E N T: P H P 7 . 1 . 1 0 7 . 1 . 1 1 O N T H U RS D AY @ D S H A F I K

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B E YO N D P H P 7 . 1 @ D S H A F I K

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@ D S H A F I K

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2 2 R F CS ACC E PT E D @ D S H A F I K

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CU R R E N T: P H P 7 . 2 . 0 R C 4 R C 5 O N T H U RS D AY ! @ D S H A F I K

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W E W A N T YO U ! Credit: NASA @ D S H A F I K

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D E P R E C AT I O N S @ D S H A F I K

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D E P R E C AT I O N S • __autoload() • $php_errormsg (INI: track_errors) • create_function() • mbstring.func_overload • (unset) cast • parse_str() without second argument • gmp_random() • each() • assert() with string argument • $errcontext argument of error handler @ D S H A F I K

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B A R E W O R D ST R I N G S @ D S H A F I K

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B A R E W O R D ST R I N G S • Deprecated in PHP 7.2 • Notice changed to Warning • Removed in 8.0 @ D S H A F I K

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B A R E W O R D ST R I N G S $foo = BAR Notice: Use of undefined constant BAR - assumed 'BAR' on line @ D S H A F I K

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B A R E W O R D ST R I N G S $foo = BAR Warning: Use of undefined constant BAR - assumed 'BAR' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in on line @ D S H A F I K

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PA R A M E T E R TY P E W I D E N I N G @ D S H A F I K

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PA R A M E T E R TY P E W I D E N I N G • Allow omitting types in extending classes • Allows adding type hints without breaking existing code that extends it • Great for library authors who want to add scalar types @ D S H A F I K

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PA R A M E T E R TY P E W I D E N I N G class A { public function b($c) { /* ... */ } } class D extends A { public function b($c) { /* ... */ } } @ D S H A F I K

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PA R A M E T E R TY P E W I D E N I N G class A { public function b(int $c) { /* ... */ } } class D extends A { public function b($c) { /* ... */ } } @ D S H A F I K

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PA R A M E T E R TY P E W I D E N I N G Warning: Declaration of D::b($c) should be compatible with A::b(int $c) in on line @ D S H A F I K

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A R G O N 2 I PA SS W O R D H A S H I N G @ D S H A F I K

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A R G O N 2 I PA SS W O R D H A S H I N G • Adds the argon2i algorithm to ext/password • A new better-than-bcrypt algorithm • May become the default in new versions of PHP (minimum: 7.4) @ D S H A F I K

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A R G O N 2 I PA SS W O R D H A S H I N G $argon2i$v=19$m=1024,t=2,p=2$ZVF0W mZ3SFBZT2VuM3M3Ng$XNy82lUQq4FqNYCR ykwIluqWhC/qaqYlxVDt96k+nYs password_hash("password", PASSWORD_ARGON2I); @ D S H A F I K

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O B J E C T PS U E D OTY P E @ D S H A F I K

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O B J E C T P S U E D OTY P E • Allow argument and return hinting that allows any object • Contravariant arguments: allows widening to the generic object • Covariant return: allows narrowing to specific class type @ D S H A F I K

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class Bar { public function foo(object $object) : object { return $object; } } class Baz extends Bar { public function foo(Foo $object) : object { return $object; } } O B J E C T P S U E D OTY P E : A R G U M E N TS

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Warning: Declaration of Baz::foo(Foo $object): object should be compatible with Bar::foo(object $object): object O B J E C T P S U E D OTY P E : A R G U M E N TS @ D S H A F I K

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class Bar { public function foo(object $object) : object { return $object; } } class Baz extends Bar { public function foo(object $object) : Foo { return $object; } } O B J E C T P S U E D OTY P E : R E T U R N TY P E

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I N S U M M A R Y @ D S H A F I K

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I S G R E AT ! @ D S H A F I K

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C O M I N G S O O N ! @ D S H A F I K

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T H E F U T U R E I S A W E S O M E ! CC-BY-SA: Steven Gerner @ D S H A F I K

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