What's a well-behaved Rails extension gem?

by Shinichi Maeshima

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͜ͷൃදͷ಺༰ w ͳ͕Β3VCZձٞͷϓϩϙʔβϧʹग़ ͨ͠΋ͷͷ͋͑ͳ͘མબͨ͠಺༰Ͱ͢ w 4NBSU)3ࣾͷεϙϯαʔ-5࿮Λ࢖Θͤ ͍͍ͯͨͩͯ୹ॖ൛Λ࿩͠·͢ 2

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લౡਅҰ !XJMMOFU ࣗݾ঺հ גࣜձࣾ4NBSU)3Λ͸͡Ίͱͯ͠ෳ਺ࣾͰ ٕज़ސ໰Λͯ͠·͢ ࠓ೔͸4NBSU)3ͷ๧ࢠΛඃ͍ͬͯ·͢ύʔ ΧʔΛண͍ͯ·͢

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4NBSU)3Ͱ͸Τϯ δχΞΛืू͍ͯ͠ ·͢ʂʂʂʂʂʂ 4

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ϑϧϦϞʔτϫʔΫ ͳͷͰذෞ͔ΒͰ΋ ࢓ࣄͰ͖·͢ʂʂʂ 5

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4NBSU)3ͷݸਓతͳΦε εϝϙΠϯτ͸ͪΌΜͱ͠ ͯΔͱ͜ΖͰ͢ ྫࣾ಺ -5ձΛۀ຿࣌ؒதʹ΍Δ 6

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ͪΐͬͱ࿩ฉ͍ͯΈ͍ͨͳʙ ͱ͍͏ͻͱ͸4NBSU)3ύʔ Χʔண͍ͯΔͻͱʹؾܰʹ࿩ ͔͚͍ͯͩ͘͠͞ʂʂʂ 7

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ࠓ೔͸3BJMTΛ֦ு͢ΔHFN͕कΔ ΂͖͓࡞๏ʹ͍ͭͯ࿩͠·͢

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͓࡞๏ͬͯͳʹʁ ʮ3BJMTͷίϯϙʔωϯτ FY "DUJPO$POUSPMMFS#BTF Λ֦ு͢Δ ͱ͖ʹ͸"DUJWF4VQQPSUPO@MPBEΛ ར༻ͯ͠஗Ԇ࣮ߦ͢΂͠ʯ 10

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ͭ·Γ 11

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"DUJWF4VQQPSUPO@MPBEͱ͸ w Ҿ਺ͷίϯϙʔωϯτ FY "DUJPO$POUSPMMFS#BTF ͕ϩʔυ͞ΕΔλΠ ϛϯά·ͰॲཧΛ஗Ԇͤ͞Δϝιου w ର৅ίϯϙʔωϯτ͕ಡΈࠐ·ΕͨޙͰ "DUJWF4VQQPSUPO@MPBEΛ࣮ߦͨ͠Βϒϩο Ϋ͸ଈ࣮ߦ͞ΕΔ 12

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ͳͥ"DUJWF4VQQPSUPO@MPBEΛ࣮ߦ͠ͳ ͚Ε͹͍͚ͳ͍ͷ͔ʁ ͓࡞๏௨Γॻ͔ͳ͍ͱద༻ͨͭ͠΋ Γͷઃఆ͕༗ޮʹͳΒͳ͍͔΋͠Ε ͳ͍ 13

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લఏ3BJMTBQQMJDBUJPODPOGJHͷઃఆ͸ ΰʔϧ͡Όͳ͍ w 3BJMTBQQMJDBUJPODPOGJHͷઃఆΛ֤ίϯϙʔω ϯτͷઃఆʹ൓ө͢Δ͜ͱͰॳΊͯద༻͞ΕΔ w 3BJMT SBJMUJFT ͸͋͘·Ͱ֤ίϯϙʔωϯτΛͭ ͳ͛Δ໾ׂͰ͋Γɺίϯϙʔωϯτࣗମ͸ಠཱ ͍ͯ͠Δ w 3BJMTͷॳظԽ࣌ʹઃఆͷ൓өͷొ࿥͕ߦΘΕΔ 14

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ίʔυྫ 15

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ॳظԽॲཧͷॱ൪ DPOGJHBQQMJDBUJPOSC ֤ίϯϙʔωϯτͷઃఆ൓ө DPOGJHJOJUJBMJ[FSTSC 16

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લఏઃఆͷ൓ө͸֤ίϯϙʔωϯτ Λ஗Ԇϩʔυ͢ΔલఏͰ࡞ΒΕ͍ͯΔ w "DUJWF4VQQPSUPO@MPBEͰίϯϙʔωϯτ͕ ϩʔυ͞ΕͨλΠϛϯάʹҰؾʹઃఆΛద ༻͢Δߏ଄ʹͳ͍ͬͯΔ w ίϯϙʔωϯτͷϩʔυλΠϛϯά͸3BJMT ॳظԽ͕Ұ௨ΓऴΘͬͨޙΛ૝ఆ͍ͯ͠Δ 17

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͜͜Ͱ࿩͕໭Δ 3BJMTΛ֦ு͢ΔHFN͕࣍ͷΑ͏ʹ "DUJPO$POUSPMMFS#BTF Λ஗Ԇϩʔυ͠ͳ͍ͱʜʁ 18

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DPOGJHJOJUJBMJ[FSTSC࣮ߦલʹ֤ ίϯϙʔωϯτͷઃఆ͕൓ө͞ΕΔ DPOGJHBQQMJDBUJPOSC ֤ίϯϙʔωϯτͷઃఆ൓ө DPOGJHJOJUJBMJ[FSTSC ͜͜Ͱ DPOGJHBDUJPO@DPOUSPMMFSBMMPX@EFQSFDBUFE@ QBSBNFUFST@IBTI@FRVBMJUZͳͲΛઃఆͯ͠ ΋ৼΔ෣͍͸มΘΒͳ͍ 19

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DPOGJHJOJUJBMJ[FSTSC͸SBJMTΛΞοϓάϨʔ υ͢Δͱ͖ʹΑ͘࢖ΘΕΔ CJOSBJMTBQQVQEBUFͱ͢Δͱ DPOGJHJOJUJBMJ[FST OFX@GSBNFXPSL@EFGBVMUT@9@:SCͳϑΝΠ ϧ͕࡞ΒΕͯɺஈ֊తʹ৽͍͠3BJMTͷσ ϑΥϧτઃఆʹ੾Γସ͑΍ͯ͘͘͢͠ΕΔ 20

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͔͓͠͠࡞๏ʹଇ͍ͬͯͳ͍HFNΛ࢖͍ͬͯΔͱ ઃఆͨ͠͸͕ͣͰ͖ͯͳ͍ɺͳΜ ͰʁͱͳΔ 21

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ࣗ෼͕࢖͍ͬͯΔ3BJMTΞϓϦέʔγϣϯʹ͓࡞๏ʹ ଇ͍ͬͯͳ͍HFN͕͋Δ͔Ͳ͏͔Λ൑ผ͢Δͷ͸೉͍͠ (FNGJMFMPDLΛݟΔͱݸҎ্ͷ HFNΛ࢖͍ͬͯΔͳΜͯβϥ 22

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ͦ͜Ͱࣗಈݕग़Ͱ͖ΔHFNΛ࡞Γ·ͨ͠ XJMMOFUBOUJ@NBOOFS@LJDL@DPVSTF 23

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࢖͍ํ w (FNGJMFͷҰ൪্ʹHFNlB OUJ@NBOOFS@LJDL@DPVSTFzΛ௥Ճ w SVCPDPQͷ#VOEMFS0SEFSFE(FNTDPQ͕ ༗ޮͳͱ͖ʹ΋Ұ൪্ʹདྷΔΑ͏ʹ໊લ Λ޻෉͍ͯ͠·͢ w "/5*@."//&3SBJMTCPPUΛ࣮ߦ͢Δ 24

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3BJMTΛ֦ு͢ΔHFN։ൃऀ͕͓࡞๏ʹ४͡ ͍ͯΔ͔ςετ͢Δํ๏΋༻ҙ͍ͯ͠·͢ 25

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͓࡞๏ʹ४͍ͯ͡ͳ͍HFNΛݟ͚ͭ ͨΒ0,Ͱ͸ͳ͍ HFNଆΛ௚͞ͳ͍ͱ͍͚ͳ͍ 26

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ݸਓతʹͰ͖ΔൣғͰ΍ͬͯ·͢ w 13ҰൃͰͲ͏ʹ͔ͳΒͳ͍͜ͱ΋ଟ͍ͷͰ஍ಓʹ΍ͬͯ·͢ w TFFEGVHFNެࣜ͸௚ͤͳ͔ͬͨͷͰGPSLͨ͠IUUQT HJUIVCDPNXJMMOFUTFFEEP w IFBMUI@DIFDLHFN͸$*Λ௚͍ͯ͠·͢IUUQTHJUIVCDPN 1VSQMF%FWTIFBMUI@DIFDLQVMM w TPSDFSZHFN͸ϝϯςφʹͳͬͯվળதIUUQTHJUIVCDPN 4PSDFSZTPSDFSZ 27

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஥ؒΛืू͍ͯ͠·͢ ࣗ෼ͷ୲౰ϓϩδΣΫτͰB OUJNBOOFS@LJDL@DPVSTFΛ࣮ߦ͢Δ ͓࡞๏ʹଇ͍ͬͯͳ͍HFN͕͋ͬͨΒί ϯτϦϏϡʔτ͢Δʂ 28

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