PPJ #6 Virtualization & Software Defined Networking http://eueung.github.io/EL5244/ Dr.-Ing. Eueung Mulyana | 2015H2 

This material is mainly a derivative and remix work. Most of the texts and illustrations are taken from the talks/lectures given by the referenced networking professors/gurus/ninjas (Credits at the end of the Slide). 

SDN @ Telcos + ISPs 

Now ISPs and Telcos are Starting to Respond McKeown 

The Problem • Global IP traffic growing 40-50% per year • End-customer monthly bill remains unchanged • Therefore, cost of ownership needs to reduce 40-50% per Gb/s per year • But in practice, reduces by <20% per year $30 /month time Revenue 

On SDN “Because there is no army that can hold back an economic principle whose time has come.” John Donovan, AT&T (2014) Cisco 2014 • #1 Competitor: A software company (VMware) • #1 Fear: Baremetal switches 

The Perspective … Search Facebook YouTube Netflix Amazon Network: Baremetal xChip/x86 + Linux (500 thousand/yr) Compute: Baremetal x86 + Linux (10 million/yr) Public Internet Telcos/Cable Open Connect B4 Swan Google Fiber Google WiFi ARM + Linux Baremetal xChip/x86 + Linux/BSD 

Baremetal + Linux + Apps Reduce capital cost Move to baremetal switches + Linux Reduce operational cost Streamline protocols, features and software Increase price Differentiate with new proprietary software services 

9 Server Switch Radio VM Linux Linux Linux Linux Programmable Hardware Open Source Software PIC Linux Remote Control Plane Routing, Traffic Engineering, Mobility, VPN Proprietary Software DPI, Load Balance, SPAM New Services Overall System Management 

(Core) Transport Networks 

SDN – The Promise • Simplified Operations • Platform Consolidation • Savings in Application and HW • The “SDN” matra • The ability of SW to program the network’s forwarding plane in real-time • Rapid Service Definition and Deployment • Service Automation • Viable SW Sources • Separation of features from HW realization • Network Apps  NFV • Resource Sharing  Hypervisor Virtualization Service Agility Reduce Cost Programmability 

Virtualization – NFV & Hypervisors Function Virtualization • Rework of network apps to urn on arbitrary HW, independent of custom networking HW Resource Virtualization • Functionality to logically abstract a single set of network resources and make them usable as independent networks Separation of “what” from “where” 

Programmability Present Mode of Operation • Forwarding plane is under the control of embedded control plane and device provisioning SDN Mode of Operation • Forwarding plane is programmable in real- time by independently developed software 

Programmable Optical Networks 

Programmable Optical Networks • Direct Model envisions SDN API’s placed on every optical switching element • Exposes SDN controller to analog complexities of ON • Only viable in simple networks • Overlay Model abstracts the optical network and presents it as simple elements to the controller • Hides analog optical complexities from controller and apps Finding the appropriate level of abstraction is key to virtualization 

Virtualization in Optical Networks 

Virtualization in Optical Networks • Overlay Model can be extended to abstract the network into multiple networks, for multiple controllers • Allows tenant controllers to control virtualized slices of the carrier network • Function Virtualization is not a hot topic in ON Network Hypervisor creates programmable and virtualized ON 

Where Transport Fits in SDN Model • Hypervisors allowed storage and compute resources to be managed together • SDN allowed networking to join the fun through an orchestration layer 

Where Transport Fits in SDN Model • Apps can be written on top of orchestration layer • Transport is added by extending the SDN controller function • A Network hypervisor virtualized the transport network and presents an abstracted representation to the SDN controller • All network layers are included in the control model  end-to-end new apps are possible 

Where Transport Fits in SDN Model The Network Hypervisor has a big job in managing all transport 

Application Drivers in ONs • Use Cases • DC Connectivity • Cloud Bursting • Secure Multi-Tenancy • Optical VPN • Multi-Layer Optimization SDN turns the network into a programmable resource 

SDN in the Core … • SDN turns the network into a programmable resource • Network Hypervisor makes optical layer programmable • Resource Virtualization: Network Hypervisor abstracts the network into slices 

Credit • Scott Shenker, The Future of Networking and the Past of Protocols • Nick McKeown, Stanford University, Many Talks/Articles • Jennifer Rexford, COS 597E, Princeton University • ADVA Optical Networking, Many Talks/Slides/Articles