EliasFano   10th StringBeginners
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 ⟫  × "$& n '% S[0,n) × i.e., S[i-1] ≤ S[i] for each 0 < i < n ⟫ ! × Access / Predecessor / Successor 
( ×  #
( 2 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 S 2 7 18 28 42 43 44 59 Access(4) = 42 Predecessor(10) = 7 Successor(43) = 44 

EliasFano 3 S 2 7 18 28 42 43 44 59 000 000 010 011 101 101 101 111  n = 8 u  log $  log % & 010 111 010 100 010 011 100 011 2 1 3 1 1 001 100 110 0 0 0
log H = 110 0 10 10 0 1110 0 10 2 0 1 1 0 0 1 3 ( ) L = 010 111 010 100 010 011 100 011 () 

 2" + " log ' (  4 L = 010 111 010 100 010 011 100 011 H = 110 0 10 10 0 1110 0 10 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 S 2 7 18 28 42 43 44 59 EliasFano log ) " " log ' (  
" 2"  
 2 *+, ( ≈ " 

2" + " log ' (  "6 ⟫  [0,u) 2 n (,/ (i.e. 4) -)#. %$*0+3 6 5 S 2 4 5 8 9 0010110011 2 45 89 n 5'& 2 u  ' ( 1  5!5  
3 log ' (  

2" + " log ' ( 4 ⟫  [0,u) 1 n  *-+& !, #"'.(24 6 S 2 4 4 5 8 9 0010011010001010 2 5 ')( ( /  33 (0)) 44 8 9 
n 3%$1 u+n  Less than half a bit per element away (Quasi-succinct) 2 log ')( ( ≈ " log ')( (  


⟫ Access(i) = S[i] ⟫ Predecessor(x) = max{S[i] : S[i] ≤ x} ⟫ Successor(x) = min{S[i] : S[i] > x} 7 O(1)  O(log $ % )  0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 S 2 7 18 28 42 43 44 59 Access(4) = 42 Predecessor(10) = 7 Successor(43) = 44 

Access&O(1) $ ⟫ &Access(4) = 42 = 101 0102 8 L = 010 111 010 100 010 011 100 011 H = 110 0 10 10 0 1110 0 10 ①  !"# $ %   i !   Select1 (4) – 4 = 9 – 4 = 5 = 1012 ②  !"# %   Select1 (i) – i 
  H  Select " o(n)   Selectb (H, i)&H  i !   b #  % 

SuccessorO(log $ % )  ⟫ Successor(43) = 44 = 101 1002 9 L = 010 111 010 100 010 011 100 011 H = 110 0 10 10 0 1110 0 10 Select0 (4) = 8 Select0 (5) = 12 log $ % = 3 3 × (Select0 (4) – 4) = 12 3 × (Select0 (5) – 5) = 21 101 0112 5 ②  O(&'( ) * )  ①  &'( * 
 Select  

/6 EliasFano7) ⟫ # (;+'AA × 10%?*& × =98."  × TRIE2! × 3<5,4!@:-> 10  


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