AI Company Google Cloud Academy Hyperconnect Director of AI Sungjoo Ha May 24th, 2022 Sungjoo Ha 1 

AI Company • য়ט੄ ઱ઁ: AI company • ੋఠ֔ ӝࣿਸ ੜ ഝਊೠ ӝস਷ internet companyۄ ࠛ۷Ҋ ੉ח ݽ߄ੌ द؀ө૑ ੉য઎׮ • Amazon, Alphabet, Facebook, Alibaba, Tencent, etc. • AI द؀੄ AI companyח ޖ঺੉ ׮ܳө? • ੿׹਷ ݽܰ૑݅ ѐੋ੸ਵ۽ ࢤп೮؍ ݻ о૑ ನੋ౟ী ؀ೠ ࣗѐ Sungjoo Ha 2 

ࣳೝށ + ਢࢎ੉౟ ≠ Internet Company Sungjoo Ha 3 

Jeff Bezos in 1997 In the book space, there are more than three million different books worldwide active and in print at any given time across all languages, so when you have that many items, you can literally build a store online that couldn't exist any other way. Sungjoo Ha 4 

Aggregators • Zero marginal cost • ٣૑ణ ই੉మਸ ౸ݒೞחؘী ୶о ࠺ਊ੉ ٜ૑ ঋ਺ • Distributionী ࠺ਊ੉ ٜ૑ ঋ਺ • Transactionী ࠺ਊ੉ ٜ૑ ঋ਺ • ੉ܳ ӓೠਵ۽ ഝਊೠ Ѫ੉ ҳӖ੉ա ಕ੉झ࠘җ э਷ super-aggregator • ੋఠ֔ী ઓ੤ೞח Ѫ੉ value proposition਷ ইש • ੋఠ֔੉ ࢜۽੉ ઱ח о஖ܳ ߉ইٜ੉Ҋ ੋఠ֔੉ ইפݶ ࢿ݀ೡ ࣻ হח ࠺ૉפझܳ ݅ٝ Sungjoo Ha 5 

Internet-Enabled Technology • Internet द؀੄ ӝࣿ • ੋఠ֔ द؀ী ਢಕ੉૑ח ׮ ੓૑݅ ੋఠ֔ਵ۽ ੋ೧ оמ೧૓ ӝࣿਸ ഝਊೞח ӝস਷ ઁೠ੸ • ਬ੷ ೯زী ؀ೠ ࣻ૘ਸ ߄ఔਵ۽ ࢎਊ੗ܳ ੉೧ೞח Ѫ • ೠ ߊ աইоࢲ A/B test ೞח Ѫ • 1֙ী ೠ ف ߣ ߓನೞ؍ Ѫ੉ • Continuous integration, continuous deployment ١ਵ۽ ݒੌݒੌ ߓನ • ӓױ੸ਵ۽ ૣ਷ ੉ఠۨ੉࣌ ࢎ੉௿ਸ ٜ݅যղҊ product-market-fitਸ ଺ӝ ਤ೧ ࡅܰѱ ਑૒੉ח Ѫ੉ оמ೧૗ • ੉ܳ оמாೞח ઑ૒ ҳઑ Sungjoo Ha 6 

Learnings From The Past • Internet company੄ ৘द۽ࠗఠ ࢤп೧ࠁח AI company • AIо ইפݶ ࢿ݀غ૑ ঋח ࠺ૉפझ • ӝઓী ੹ഃ ࠛоמೞ؍ Ѫ੉ оמ೧૑ח Ѫ • ઑӘ ؊ ևѱ ೧ࢳ೧ࠁݶ AI द؀ী оמ೧૓ ࢜۽਍ ӝࣿਸ ੜ ഝਊೞ ח ഥࢎ Sungjoo Ha 7 

Modern ML • അ੤ ؀ࠗ࠙ "AI"ۄ ܻࠛח Ѫ਷ ૑ب೟णী Ӕрਸ فҊ ੓਺ • ীࢲ ܳ ઱Ҋ ܳ ଺ח Ѫ • ҃ઁ੸ ࠗоо஖ܳ о੢ ݆੉ ٜ݅য ղח Ѫ਷ ૑ب/੹੉/࠺૑ب/ъച೟ ण੄ ࣽࢲ • п ޙઁب ѾҴ ૑ب೟ण ޙઁ۽ ஖ജೞח ߑߨٜ੉ ߊѼغҊ ੓ਵݴ ੉ ী ٮܲ ࢿҗо աয়ח ઺ Sungjoo Ha 8 

Supervised Learning Examples • ੉޷૑ male/female • ੉޷૑ ੹҃/ߓ҃ • ೠҴয ৔য • ੉޷૑ ੗োয ࢸݺ • ੗োয ࢸݺ ੉޷૑ • ҟҊ, ਬ੷ ௿ܼ • ݂௼ ௿ܼ Sungjoo Ha 9 

Algorithm + Compute + Data • ML ޙઁীࢲ ݏׯڰܻח ف о૑ ޙઁ • ݽ؛ ࢿמ੉ ೟णࣇীࢲ ծ਷ ҃਋ • underfitting: ݽ؛ ࣻਊ۱ ૐо • ݽ؛ ࢿמ੉ పझ౟ࣇীࢲ ծ਷ ҃਋ • overfitting: ؘ੉ఠ ୶о • അ؀੄ ML ӝࣿ਷ ݽ؛੄ ࣻਊ۱(capacity)ਸ ޖೠ੿ טܾ ࣻ ੓਺ • ੉ܳ جܻӝ ਤೠ ҅࢑ ੗ਗҗ • ୽࠙ೠ ন੄ ؘ੉ఠ݅ ੓ਵݶ ҅ࣘ ࢿמ੉ જই૗ • 2010֙؀ ୡ߈ ੉੹ীח ੉۠ ѐ֛੉ হ঻ਵݴ ୭Ӕ ٜয ੉۠ ൒ ܴ੉ ؊ ъചغҊ ੓਺ Sungjoo Ha 10 

Solvable Problems • അ੤੄ AI ӝࣿ۽ ಽ ࣻ ੓ח ޙઁ • ಣߧೠ ࢎۈ੉ 1ୡ ੿ب੄ दрਸ ٜৈࢲ ಽ ࣻ ੓ח ޙઁ • ׮਺ द௫झܳ ৘ஏೞח ޙઁ • ੄ ҳઑܳ ૑צ ݽٚ ޙઁח ੗زചؼ Ѫ Sungjoo Ha 11 

AI Strategy • ׮ܲ ೒ۨ੉যٜ਷ যڃ ࢤпਸ ೞҊ ੓ਸө? AI ੹ۚ੉ ަө? • ׮ٜ ৈ۞ оמࢿਸ ࠁݶࢲ ߬౴ೞҊ ੓਺ • Google: AI 3ਃࣗܳ ૓੿ೠ ੄޷۽ ݽف ы୶Ҋ ੓ח ݻ উغח ӝস • OpenAI: Ѣ؀ ݽ؛ী ؀ೠ ъೠ ޺਺ਸ ాೠ ௾ ߬౴ • Tesla: അઓೞח ӝࣿਸ ӓೠਵ۽ ഝਊೞח ߡ౭ஸ ా೤ Sungjoo Ha 12 

ӝઓഥࢎ + AI/ML/DL ≠ AI Company Sungjoo Ha 13 

Zero Marginal Content • AIо ইפݶ ࢿ݀ೡ ࣻ হח ࠺ૉפझח ޖ঺ ੌө? • ݻ о૑ ൦౟ח ੓਺ • Zero marginal cost content creation • GPT-3 (copilot), DALL·E 2 • Super-human decision making • AlphaGo, AlphaFold Sungjoo Ha 14 

AI-Enabled Technology • ؀ӝসٜ੉ঠ ׮নೠ ߬౴ਸ ೡ ࣻ ੓૑݅ ੘਷ ഥࢎח যڌѱ? • AI द؀ীח ੋఠ֔ द؀੄ ൒ܴҗ ࠺तೞѱ AI ݽ؛਷ ׮ٜ ࢎਊೡ Ѫ • ৈӝীࢲ ب୹ػ 2ର੸ੋ ѐ֛/ӝࣿ/ޙചܳ ঴݃ա ੜ ഝਊೞջب ઺ਃೠ ನੋ౟о ؼ Ѫ • ݃஖ A/B పझ౟ܳ ೞח ഥࢎ৬ ইצ ഥࢎо ա׊Ҋ • CI/CDܳ ഝਊೞח ഥࢎ৬ ইפפ ഥࢎо ա׊ח Ѫ୊ۢ Sungjoo Ha 15 

Learned Business Logic • ࠺ૉפझ ۽૒ -> ݽ؛ Үജ • ࠺ૉפझ ۽૒: A ੉ݶ B ੉׮ • ೐۽Ӓېݠٜ੉ ٜ݅যղח ௏٘੄ ݆਷ ࠗ࠙੉ ࠺ૉפझ ۽૒ • ੉ѱ ޤо ׮ؘܲ? ೐۽Ӓېݠо ೞܖݶ ٜ݅؍Ѧ ҡ൤ ML ॄࢲ ೠ׳ Ѧ۰ࢲ ݅٘ח Ѣ ইפঠ? • ࢎۈࠁ׮ ੜ ೡ ࣻ ੓ח ҃਋о ੓਺ • A੉ݶ B੉׮ীࢲ A੄ ઑѤ੉ ցޖցޖ ࠂ੟೮׮ݶ ࢎۈ਷ ޅೣ • Software 2.0 Sungjoo Ha 16 

Software Rot • ࠺ૉפझ ۽૒ب ࣗ೐౟ਝযب ॅ਺ • ઱߸ ജ҃੉ ߄Շӝ ٸޙ • ࢜۽਍ ӝמ੉ ࢤӝҊ, ઁಿਸ ੉Ցয оҊ੗ ೞח ߑೱ੉ ߄ՇҊ, ࢎਊ੗о ߄ՇҊ... Ӓېࢲ ॅ਺ • ࠁా ੉Ѧ যڌѱ ؀਽ೞջ? ࣗ೐౟ਝয ূ૑פযо ௏٘ܳ ࣻ੿ • A੉ݶ B ೮חؘ ੉ઁח A੉ݶ C ೧ঠ ೠ׮ • Ӕؘ ੉ѱ ݽ؛੉঻׮ݶ • ૑ࣘ੸ਵ۽ ؘ੉ఠ ࣻ૘ೞҊ ੉ܳ ߄ఔਵ۽ ݽ؛੉ ঌইࢲ ജ҃ী ؀਽ • ؘ੉ఠ ऺ੉ݶ ࢿמب ੼੼ ؊ જই૕ ࣻ ੓਺ Sungjoo Ha 17 

Example • ോܻझ౮ vs ݽ؛ • द੘਷ ࢎۈ੉ ݅ٚ ോܻझ౮੉ જওਵա ૑ ࣘ੸ਵ۽ ࢿמ ೞۅ • ݽ؛਷ द੘਷ աࡍਵա ૑ࣘ੸ਵ۽ ࢿמ ࢚ थ Sungjoo Ha 18 

Ideal • ݽٚ ੄ࢎ Ѿ੿੉ ೙ਃೠ Ҕী ݽ؛ਸ ഝਊ • ݽٚ Ѫ੄ ੗زച • ҳӖ੄ ৘द • ௥݂ झாેਸ ز੸ਵ۽ ؀਽ೞѱ ೞৈ ؘ੉ఠࣃఠ੄ պߑ࠺ܳ 40 ಌࣃ౟ ੺ х • ౠ൤ ࠺ૉפझ/೐۽؋౟੄ ઱ਃ ޙઁܳ AI ޙઁ۽ ஖ജೡ ࣻ ੓ਵݶ ߬झ౟ • Ӓ۞ݶ ҅ࣘ೧ࢲ ૑ࣘ੸ਵ۽ ઁಿ੉ ѐࢶغח ҃೷ਸ ೡ ࣻ ੓ਸ Ѫ Sungjoo Ha 19 

Easy? • औ֎? No • ML/ঌҊ્ܻ, ҅࢑੗ਗ, ؘ੉ఠ ׮ ы୾ঠ ೣ • ׮݅ ॶݽ੓ӝ ਤ೧ ೦࢚ ఠޖפ হ੉ ݆਷ ҅࢑੗ਗҗ ؘ੉ఠо ೙ਃೞ૑ח ঋ਺ • ೡ ࣻח ੓ח ੿ب • Ӓېب ݆ਸࣻ۾ ੉ٙ • ӒܻҊ അ੤੄ ӝࣿ۽ب оמ • ҙ۲ػ ੉ঠӝ ઑӘ ؊ ೧ࠁݶ... Sungjoo Ha 20 

ML Model • ೠ੿ػ ؘ੉ఠ۽ જ਷ Ѿҗܳ ঳যղ۰ݶ ݽ؛ ஏݶ੄ Ҋ޹੉ ݆੉ ೙ਃ • AI ӝࣿ ߊ੹ ࣘبо ޷୛੓਺ • ੉੹ী ղܽ Ѿۿ੉ ࢜۽਍ ӝࣿ੉ աয়ݶࢲ ੤Ҋغযঠ ೞח ҃਋ب ݆਺ • ୭न ӝࣿ زೱਸ ੜ ࢓ಝঠ ೣ • ݽ؛۞ٜ੉ ࣗ೐౟ਝয ূ૑פয݂ب ੜೞח Ѫ਷ ൨ٝ • ݽ؍ೠ ஶప੉ց ӝ߈੄ ূ૑פয݂ী ؀ೠ Ҋ޹ ೙ਃ • ӝࣿ੉ ੗Բ݅ ߄Շযࢲ ࡅܰѱ ٮۄо׮ࠁݶ ߸҃੉ ݆਺ • ഈস ҳઑী ؀ೠ Ҋ޹ ೙ਃ Sungjoo Ha 21 

Compute • ௾ ݽ؛ਸ ٜ݅ӝ ਤ೧ ҅࢑ ੗ਗ੉ ೙ਃ • ҅࢑ ੗ਗਸ ؘ੉ఠ۽ ߄Բח ҃਋ب ݆਺ • AlphaGo • Data augmentation • ௾ ݽ؛਷ ࢲࡂب য۰਑ Sungjoo Ha 22 

MLOps • ؘ੉ఠ ౵੉೐ۄੋ • ૑ࣘ੸ਵ۽ ݽ؛ ೟णೞח ౵੉೐ۄੋ • ݽ؛ ࢿמ ੗ز ಣо • ੗ز ݽ؛ ߓನ • Shadow mode Sungjoo Ha 23 

Data • ઁಿਸ ా೧ ؘ੉ఠܳ ദٙೡ ࣻ ੓ח ؘ੉ఠ ੹ۚ੉ ೙ਃ • যڃ ؘ੉ఠܳ যڌѱ ࣻ૘ೡө? • যڌѱ ੿׹ਸ ঳ਸө? • Negative sampling ١ • ഑਷ human-in-the-loop दझమਸ যڌѱ ੜ ਍৔ೡө? • ݽ؛੉ ੜ ೞҊ ੓ח૑ যڌѱ ૑ࣘ੸ਵ۽ ݽפఠ݂ೞ૑? • ా೤ ؘ੉ఠ ਝযೞ਋झ Sungjoo Ha 24 

AI PM • ೐۽؋౟੄ ઱ਃ ޙઁܳ AI ޙઁ۽ যڌѱ ஖ജೡ ࣻ ੓ਸө? • ੉ܳ ా೧ ࢎਊ੗ٜ੄ ݅઒بо য়ܰҊ ؊ ݆਷ ؘ੉ఠܳ ٜ݅যղҊ ؊ ա਷ ઁಿਵ۽ ੉য૑ח • ੿׹ਸ ঳ӝ ए਍ ҃਋ب ੓Ҋ য۰਍ ҃਋ب ੓Ҋ • AI ӝࣿਸ ੉೧ೞҊ ੉ী ݏ୾ ઁಿਸ э੉ ҳࢿ೧ঠ ೣ • ӝദী ؀ೠ ੄ࢎ ࣗాਸ ਤೠ ࢜۽਍ ঱য/بҳ/೐۽ࣁझ ೙ਃ Sungjoo Ha 25 

TikTok • ߑ؀ೠ ন੄ ௑బஎ • ন਷ ૕ਸ ׸ࠁೠ׮ח Ѻ঱ೞী ؀ӏݽ ݃ா౴ਸ ాೠ ݽٚ פ஖੄ ൚ࣻ • ࣚऔѱ ௑బஎܳ ٜ݅ ࣻ ੓ب۾ ب৬઱ח ׮নೠ ઁ੘ بҳ ઁҕ • ݺߔೠ ੿׹ਸ ૒੽੸ਵ۽ ঳ਸ ࣻ ੓ח ߑधਵ۽ UIܳ ҳࢿ • ೠ ߣী ೞա੄ ࠺٣য়݅ ࠁݴ ࢎਊ੗੄ swipe ৈࠗ۽ ஂೱਸ ݺߔೞѱ ഛੋ • implicit feedback -> explicit feedback • ৘ஏ ӝ߈੄ ࢎਊ੗ ݽ؛݂ • ױࣽ൤ ੋध(recognition)ীࢲ Ӓ஖ח Ѫ੉ ইפۄ ࢎਊ੗о যڌѱ ೯زೞ৓ח૑ ݺߔೠ ೖ٘ߔਸ ߉ب۾ ҳࢿ Sungjoo Ha 26 

Culture • ੌೞח ߑध, ޙചب ઺ਃ • AI ӝദ੗ۄחѱ ই૒ ઓ੤ೞ૑ח ঋ਺ • Ӓ۞׮ࠁפ э੉ যڌѱ ੌೡ૑ী ؀೧ࢲب Ҋ޹೧ࠊঠ ೣ • ݽٚ ઑ૒/ҳࢿਗ੉ ੉ী ؀ೠ Ӓܿਸ ݠ݁ࣘী ыҊ ӝৈ೧ঠ ೣ • ੄ࢎ Ѿ੿ӂ੗ٜب ੄޷੓ח ࣻળਵ۽ AIী ؀೧ ੉೧೧ঠ • ઑ૒ҳઑب ੉۞ೠ ղਊਸ ߈৔೧ঠ • Conway੄ ߨ஗ Sungjoo Ha 27 

Conclusion • AI ӝࣿਸ ా೧ ੹ী ೡ ࣻ হ؍ Ѫਸ ೡ ࣻ ੓ח ഥࢎٜ੉ ࢤӡ Ѫ • AI ӝࣿ ੗୓݅ ੜ ഝਊೞח Ѫਵ۽ ੉޷ ର߹ചח оמ • ӝࣿী ؀ೠ ੉೧৬ ઑ૒ ҳઑ ߂ সޖ ߑध ߂ ޙച ١ ׮নೠ ஏݶীࢲ Ҋ۰೧ঠ AI ӝࣿਸ ੜ ഝਊೡ ࣻ ੓਺ • ੄ࢎ Ѿ੿੉ ੉ܖয૑ח ݽٚ Ҕীࢲ ݽ؛੉ ഝਊؼ ৈ૑о ੓਺ • ೐۽؋౟੄ ઺ਃೠ ޙઁܳ AI ޙઁ۽ ஖ജೞݶ ੉࢚੸ • ੉ܳ ߄ఔਵ۽ ML ݽ؛੄ ѐࢶ੉ ೐۽؋౟੄ ѐࢶਵ۽ ੉য૑Ҋ ੉ח ؊ ݆਷ ؘ੉ఠ۽ ੉য ૑ח ࢶࣽജ ҳઑܳ ٜ݅যյ ࣻ ੓਺ Sungjoo Ha 28