ストレージの基礎

by Yukinori Sakashita

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ετϨʔδͷجૅ :VLJOPSJ4BLBTIJUB

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஫ҙࣄ߲ ‣ ετϨʔδ͸ϕϯμ΍੡඼͝ͱͰίϯϙʔωϯτͳͲͷ໊শ͕ҟͳΔ͜ͱ ͕͋Γ·͢ ‣ ຊࢿྉͰ͸ετϨʔδۀքஂମ4/*"͕ఆΊΔετϨʔδ؅ཧ*'ͷ ࠃࡍඪ४࢓༷4.*4 *40*&$ʙ "/4**/$*54 ɺ 4XPSEpTIͰఆΊΕͨίϯϙʔωϯτͷ໊শ͓Αͼ4/*"ͷڭҭࢿྉͰ ࢖༻͞ΕΔ༻ޠΛ࢖͍·͢ 2 IUUQTXXXTOJBPSHUFDI@BDUJWJUJFTTUBOEBSETDVSS@TUBOEBSETTNJ IUUQTXXXTOJBPSHUFDI@BDUJWJUJFTTUBOEBSETDVSS@TUBOEBSETTXPSEpTI

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"HFOEB ‣ ετϨʔδͷछྨ ‣ ϒϩοΫετϨʔδ ‣ ϑΝΠϧετϨʔδ ‣ ετϨʔδͷࡶֶ 3

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ϒϩοΫετϨʔδ ϑΝΠϧετϨʔδ ΦϒδΣΫτετϨʔδ ΞʔΩςΫνϟ ಛ௃ w಺ଂυϥΠϒͱಉ͡3BXσόΠε wϑΝΠϧγεςϜ͸ࣗ༝ʹબ୒ wωοτϫʔΫυϥΠϒ wϑΝΠϧγεςϜ͸ετϨʔδ೚ ͤɺมߋෆՄ wΦϒδΣΫτ୯ҐͰΞΫηε wϑΝΠϧγεςϜʹґଘ͠ͳ͍ ͨΊɺେྔσʔλΛ֨ೲՄೳ σʔλసૹϓϩτίϧ J4$4* '$ /7.F /'4 4.# )5514 )551 Ϛ΢ϯτύεͷྫ EFWTEB aaaTIBSFaIPHF IUUQTBBBPSHTUPSBHFIPHF ੑೳ )JHI .JEEMF -PX ओͳ༻్ %# 04 #PPU%JTL ϑΝΠϧͷڞ༗ ࣸਅɺಈը֨ೲ ετϨʔδͷछྨ 4 J4$4* 'JMF4FSWFS /'4 4.# ,74 )55144FSWFS )5514 )PTU )PTU )PTU Ұൠతͳ܏޲Ͱ͋Γ੡඼ʹΑΓมΘΓ·͢ 4$4* 4$4*

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ϒϩοΫετϨʔδ

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ϒϩοΫετϨʔδͱྺ࢙ ‣ ϋʔυ΢ΣΞͷ4$4*͸΄΅ফ໓ ‣ ϓϩτίϧͱͯ͠ͷ4$4*͸઀ଓܗଶ͕มΘͬͯ΋ར༻ 6 4$4*઀ଓ 4FSWFS %JTL %JTL %JTL 4$4* 4FSWFS %JTL %JTL %JTL 4UPSBHF4ZTUFN '$ /FUXPSL '$઀ଓ 4$4* %JTL %JTL %JTL 4FSWFS 4UPSBHF4ZTUFN *1 /FUXPSL *1઀ଓ J4$4*ͳͲ 4"/ͷొ৔ 4$4*4NBMM$PNQVUFS4ZTUFN*OUFSGBDF 4"/4UPSBHF"SFB/FUXPSL '$'JCFS$IBOOFM ೥ ('$ొ৔

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جຊߏ੒ 7 4UPSBHF4ZTUFN 4UPSBHF1PPM 4UPSBHF7PMVNF 1PSU 4$4*1SPUPDPM&OE1PJOU 4$4*1SPUPDPM$POUSPMMFS %BUB1SPUFDUJPOͰղઆ 4UPSBHF7PMVNF$SFBUJPOͰղઆ .BTLJOH.BQQJOHͰղઆ

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%BUB1SPUFDUJPO

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%BUB1SPUFDUJPOͱ͸ 9 ‣ ෳ਺ݸͷ෺ཧϝσΟΞ )%%΍44% Λ·ͱΊΔٕज़ ‣ ͳͥɺෳ਺ݸͷ෺ཧϝσΟΞΛ·ͱΊΔͷ͔ʁ ୯ମͷ෺ཧϝσΟΞҎ্ͷαΠζ͕ཉ͍͠ ͭͷ෺ཧϝσΟΞ͕յΕͯ΋σʔλ͕ফ͑ͳ͍Α͏ʹ͍ͨ͠ ෳ਺ͷ෺ཧϝσΟΞʹσʔλΛ෼ࢄͤ͞ੑೳΛ޲্ ‣ Ͳ͏΍࣮ͬͯݱ͍ͯ͠Δͷ͔ 3"*% 3FQMJDBUJPO

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3"*% 10 ( ( " $ 3"*% ετϥΠϐϯάʹΑΓڊେͳ༰ྔͷ σΟεΫΛ࣮ݱ ྫ༰ྔ( 3"*% ( ( " ϛϥʔϦϯάʹΑΓσʔλอޢ͞Εͨ σΟεΫΛ࣮ݱ ྫ༰ྔ( "` # #` # 3"*% ϛϥʔϦϯάετϥΠϐϯάʹΑΓ σʔλอޢڊେͳ༰ྔͷσΟεΫΛ࣮ݱ ྫ༰ྔ( " "` # #` $ $` 3"*% 3"*% 3"*% ύϦςΟσʔλʹΑΓແବΛগͳ͘σʔλอޢ͞Εͨ ڊେͳσΟεΫΛ࣮ݱ ྫ༰ྔ(ະຬ ( ( ( ( " # 1 $ % 1 & ' 1 ( ( ( 3"*%͸ μϒϧύϦςΟ ෼ࢄ*0͕Մೳ ٯͷ3"*% ΋͋Δ

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ύϦςΟσʔλͱ͸ 11 ‣ ύϦςΟܭࢉͷجຊ͸903 ഉଞత࿦ཧ࿨ F9DMVTJWF03 903 903 903 903 903 " # 1 σʔλ֨ೲ࣌ σʔλ#ͷσΟεΫ ͕ো֐ σʔλ#Λ෮ݩ "9031

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3FQMJDBUJPO 12 ‣ 3FQMJDBUJPO͸ɺσʔλ୯ҐͰͷ3FQMJDBUJPOͱ4UPSBHF7PMVNF୯ҐͰͷ 3FQMJDBUJPO͕͋Δ ‣ ͜͜Ͱ͸σʔλ୯ҐͰͷ3FQMJDBUJPOΛղઆ ‣ 3FQMJDBUJPOͷߟ͑͸جຊ͸3"*%ͱಉ͡ ‣ 4PGUXBSF%FpOFE4UPSBHF͕ొ৔͠ɺෳ਺αʔό ಺ଂσΟεΫ Λ ෺ཧϝσΟΞͱΈͨͯ%BUB1SPUFDUJPOΛ࣮ݱ ‣ $FQIͳͲͰ࠾༻͞Ε͍ͯΔ5SJQMF3FQMJDBUJPO͕༗໊ ‣ ֨ೲσʔλΛ೚ҙͷαΠζͰ෼ׂʴύϦςΟσʔλΛ࢖͍σʔλอޢ͢Δ &SBTVSF$PEJOH΋͋Γ 3"*% ΋&SBTVSF$PEJOHͷҰͭ

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5SJQMF3FQMJDBUJPO&SBTVSF$PEJOH 13 " # "` "`` #`` #` 3FQMJDBUJPO " " 1B # # 1C 5SJQMF3FQMJDBUJPO σʔλ͕ॻ͖ࠐ·Εͨࡍɺผαʔόʹ σʔλΛ3FQMJDBUJPO ͭʹ෼ࢄ͢Δ৔߹͕5SJQMF3FQMJDBUJPO &SBTVSF$PEJOH σʔλ"Λ෼ׂ͠ɺෳ਺αʔόʹ෼ࢄ഑ஔͨ͠ޙ ύϦςΟσʔλΛੜ੒֨͠ೲ

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4UPSBHF7PMVNF$SFBUJPO

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4UPSBHF1PPMͱ4UPSBHF7PMVNF ‣ ෳ਺෺ཧϝσΟΞΛ%BUB1SPUFDUJPOʹΑΓ·ͱΊͨ4UPSBHF1PPM͔Β ࿦ཧσόΠεͱͯ͠ੜ੒ͨ͠΋ͷ͕4UPSBHF7PMVNF ‣ ࿦ཧ෺ཧͷ-#"ͷϚοϐϯάςʔϒϧʹΑ࣮ͬͯݱ 15 4UPSBHF1PPM 4UPSBHF7PMVNF 7PM 4UPSBHF7PMVNF 7PM 4UPSBHF7PMVNF 4UPSBHF7PMVNF 7PMͷ-#" ෺ཧϝσΟΞͷ-#" 7PM ''' %JTL'''' 7PM "''' %JTL'''' 7P #'''' %JTL'''' 7PM ''' %JTL#''''' 7PM "''' %JTL"'''' 7PM #'''' %JTL#''''' -#"ͷϚοϐϯάςʔϒϧ͸֤࣮ࣾ૷͕ҟͳΓ·͢

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5IJO1SPWJTJPOJOH ‣ 4UPSBHF7PMVNFʹ͸େ͖ͭ͘ͷλΠϓ͋Γ ‣ 5IJDL1SPWJTJPOJOH 4UPSBHF7PMVNFͷ࡞੒࣌ʹશͯͷαΠζ෼ͷ෺ཧϝσΟΞͷྖҬΛ ֬อ͢Δํࣜ 3FBE8SJUFߴ଎ɺ༰ྔޮ཰௿͍ ‣ 5IJO1SPWJTJPOJOH 4UPSBHF7PMVNFͷ࡞੒࣌͸෺ཧϝσΟΞͷྖҬΛ֬อͤͣɺσʔλ͕ॻ͖ࠐ ·ΕΔ౎౓ɺ෺ཧϝσΟΞͷྖҬΛ֬อ͢Δํࣜ 3FBEߴ଎ 8SJUF௿଎ ෺ཧϝσΟΞͷׂΓ౰ͯൃੜ࣌ ɺ༰ྔޮ཰ߴ͍ αʔόʹ͸5IJDL1SPWJTJPOJOHͱಉ༷ͷαΠζͰݟ͑Δ 16

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5IJO1SPWJTJPOJOH 17 4UPSBHF1PPM 4UPSBHF7PMVNF 7PM 7PMͷ-#" ෺ཧϝσΟΞͷ-#" 7PM %BUB" %JTL 7PM %BUB# %JTL " # " # -#"ͷϚοϐϯάςʔϒϧ͸֤࣮ࣾ૷͕ҟͳΓ·͢ $ 8SJUF

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5IJO1SPWJTJPOJOH 18 4UPSBHF1PPM 4UPSBHF7PMVNF 7PM 7PMͷ-#" ෺ཧϝσΟΞͷ-#" 7PM %BUB" %JTL 7PM %BUB# %JTL 7PM %BUB$ %JTL " # " # -#"ͷϚοϐϯάςʔϒϧ͸֤࣮ࣾ૷͕ҟͳΓ·͢ $ $ 5IJDL1SPWJTJPOJOHʹൺ΂࿦ཧ෺ཧͷ -#"Ϛοϐϯάςʔϒϧ͕ڊେʹͳΔɻ ଟஈͷϚοϐϯάςʔϒϧͷ࣮૷ϕϯμ΋͋Γ

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"VUPNBUFE4UPSBHF5JFSJOH ‣ ෳ਺ͷछྨͷ)%%΍44%ͷొ৔ʹΑΓɺ෺ཧϝσΟΞʹੑೳɾίετ͕ࠩ ੜ࢝͡Ίͨ ೥ࠒ 44%ߴ଎ ߴՁ֨ 4"4)%%த଎ தՁ֨ 4"5")%%௿଎ ௿Ձ֨ ‣ ߴස౓ʹΞΫηε͢Δσʔλ͸ߴ଎ߴՁͳϝσΟΞɺதɾ௿ස౓ͷΞΫηεͷ σʔλ͸தɾ௿଎தɾ௿Ձ֨ʹࣗಈͰσʔλͷ഑ஔ৔ॴΛҠಈͤ͞ ੑೳͱίετͷ࠷దԽΛਤΔ"VUPNBUFE4UPSBHF5JFSJOH͕ొ৔ 19

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"VUPNBUFE4UPSBHF5JFSJOH 20 4UPSBHF1PPM 4UPSBHF7PMVNF 7PM 7PMͷ-#" ෺ཧϝσΟΞͷ-#" 7PM %BUB" %JTL 7PM %BUB# %JTL 7PM %BUB$ %JTL " # " # -#"ͷϚοϐϯάςʔϒϧ͸֤࣮ࣾ૷͕ҟͳΓ·͢ $ $ 44% 4"4)%% 4"5")%% ߴස౓ͷΞΫηε தස౓ͷΞΫηε ௿ස౓ͷΞΫηε ΞΫηεස౓Λఆظతʹ؂ࢹɻ ΞΫηεස౓ʹΑͬͯ͸σʔλΛ ผϝσΟΞ΁Ҡಈ

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%FEVQMJDBUJPO ॏෳഉআ 21 4UPSBHF1PPM 4UPSBHF7PMVNF 7PM 7PMͷ-#" ෺ཧϝσΟΞͷ-#" 7PM %BUB" %JTL 7PM %BUB# %JTL 7PM %BUB$ %JTL 7PM %BUB# 7PM%BUB# OVMM 7PM %BUB$ 7PM%BUB$ OVMM " # " # -#"ͷϚοϐϯάςʔϒϧ͸֤࣮ࣾ૷͕ҟͳΓ·͢ $ 4UPSBHF7PMVNF 7PM $ # ‣ ෺ཧϝσΟΞͷ༰ྔ࡟ݮͷͨΊɺॏෳσʔλ͸อଘͤͣϙΠϯλࢀর $

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.BTLJOH.BQQJOH

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αʔόͱετϨʔδͷ઀ଓ 4$4* 23 4FSWFS 4$4* ‣ 4$4*όεͰ͸γϦΞϧύϥϨϧΠϯλʔϑΣʔεʹͯ਺चͭͳ͗ ‣ 4$4**%ͱ-6/ʹΑͬͯϢχοτΛࣝผ ֤%JTLʹ͸4$4**% ʜ ΛϢχʔΫ൪߸ͱͯ͠ઃఆ ֤%JTLͷ࿦ཧతͳϢχοτ 4UPSBHF7PMVNFʹ૬౰ ʹ -6/ -PHJDBM6OJU/VNCFS ʜ Λઃఆ 6OJU 6OJU -6/ -6/ 4$4**% 4$4**% 4$4**% 6OJU 6OJU -6/ -6/ 4FSWFSͰͷσόΠεͷݟ͑ํ 473ܥ6/*9 EFWDUET 4$4**% -6/ EFWDUET 4$4**% -6/ EFWDUET 4$4**% -6/ EFWDUET 4$4**% -6/ ౰࣌͸4$4*σόΠε%JTLͷͨΊEݻఆ

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αʔόͱετϨʔδͷ઀ଓ '$ ‣ '$઀ଓʹͳΓωοτϫʔΫʹͯετϨʔδ͕઀ଓɻϓϩτίϧ͸4$4*ͷ·· ‣ 88/ -6/ %FWJDF*%ʹΑͬͯ4UPSBHF7PMVNFΛࣝผ جຊܗ ‣ 4$4**%͕࢖͑ͳ͘ͳΓ88/͕ొ৔ɻϙʔτຖʹϢχʔΫ஋ͷ88/Λ෇༩ ‣ αʔόଆ͔ετϨʔδଆͷ1PSUͳͷ͔ͷ໾ׂΛ࣋ͨͤΔඞཁ͕ൃੜ αʔόଆ*OJUJBUPS1PSU ετϨʔδଆ5BSHFU1PSU '$ '$1 4$4*-BZFS '$ͷϓϩτίϧελοΫ

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αʔόͱετϨʔδͷ઀ଓ '$ 25 4UPSBHF4ZTUFN 4UPSBHF1PPM 4UPSBHF7PMVNF -PHJDBM1PSU 4$4*1SPUPDPM&OE1PJOU 4$4*1SPUPDPM$POUSPMMFS *OJUJBUPS1PSU 88/ DDFDDD '$ /FUXPSL 4FSWFS 5BSHFU1PSU 88/ EDFBB -6/ -6/ %FWJDF*%$$%% %FWJDF*%""## 4$4*ϓϩτίϧΛղऍ͠ ΞΫηείϯτϩʔϧ )#" 1PSU )#")PTU#VT"EBQUFS '$4XJUDIʹΑΔ;POJOH

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αʔόͱετϨʔδͷ઀ଓ J4$4* ‣ '$Λ*1ʹஔ͖׵͑ɻΞϓϦ͔ΒΈͨϓϩτίϧ͸4$4*ͷ·· ‣ *2/ -6/ %FWJDF*%ʹΑͬͯ4UPSBHF7PMVNFΛࣝผ جຊܗ ‣ '$Ͱ͸)#"ͷ1PSUʹ88/͕ϋʔυతʹϓϦηοτ ‣ J4$4*Ͱ͸88/͸ͳ͘୅ସͷ΋ͷ͕ඞཁˠ*2/ͷొ৔ '$1 4$4*-BZFS '$ͷϓϩτίϧελοΫ *2/J4$4*2VBMJpFE/BNF J4$4*ͷϓϩτίϧελοΫ J4$4* '$ &UIFS *1 5$1

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αʔόͱετϨʔδͷ઀ଓ J4$4* 27 4UPSBHF4ZTUFN 4UPSBHF1PPM 4UPSBHF7PMVNF -PHJDBM1PSU 4$4*1SPUPDPM&OE1PJOU 4$4*1SPUPDPM$POUSPMMFS *OJUJBUPS1PSU *2/ JROPSHEFCJBO BCFC '$ /FUXPSL 4FSWFS 5BSHFU1PSU *2/ JRODPN OFUBQQTOYYYYYYWT -6/ -6/ %FWJDF*%$$%% %FWJDF*%""## 4$4*ϓϩτίϧΛղऍ͠ ΞΫηείϯτϩʔϧ /*$ 1PSU

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αʔόͱετϨʔδͷ઀ଓ Ԡ༻ 28 4UPSBHF4ZTUFN 4UPSBHF7PMVNF -PHJDBM1PSU 4$4*1SPUPDPM&OE1PJOU 4$4*1SPUPDPM$POUSPMMFS 4FSWFS -6/ -6/ %FWJDF*%""## /*$ 4$4*1SPUPDPM&OE1PJOU 4$4*1SPUPDPM$POUSPMMFS 5BSHFU1PSU *2/ JRODPN OFUBQQTOYYYYYYWT 5BSHFU1PSU *2/ JRODPN OFUBQQZZZZZZWT *1 /FUXPSL 1PSU -PHJDBM1PSU Ϛϧνύεߏ੒ 4FSWFS͔Β͸ͭͷ4UPSBHF7PMVNF ͱͯ͠ೝࣝɻಉ࣌ʹ8SJUF͢ΔͱյΕΔ

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αʔόͱετϨʔδͷ઀ଓ Ԡ༻ 29 4UPSBHF4ZTUFN 4UPSBHF7PMVNF -PHJDBM1PSU 4$4*1SPUPDPM&OE1PJOU 4$4*1SPUPDPM$POUSPMMFS 4FSWFS -6/ -6/ %FWJDF*%""## /*$ 4$4*1SPUPDPM&OE1PJOU 4$4*1SPUPDPM$POUSPMMFS 5BSHFU1PSU *2/ JRODPN OFUBQQTOYYYYYYWT 5BSHFU1PSU *2/ JRODPN OFUBQQZZZZZZWT *1 /FUXPSL 1PSU -PHJDBM1PSU Ϛϧνύεߏ੒ .VMUJ1BUIιϑτʹͯ "DUJWF4UBOECZʹઃఆ .VMUJ1BUI "DUJWF 4UBOECZ

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αʔόͱετϨʔδͷ઀ଓ Ԡ༻ 30 4UPSBHF4ZTUFN 4UPSBHF7PMVNF -PHJDBM1PSU 4$4*1SPUPDPM&OE1PJOU 4$4*1SPUPDPM$POUSPMMFS 4FSWFS -6/ -6/ %FWJDF*%""## /*$ 5BSHFU1PSU *2/ JRODPN OFUBQQZZZZZZWT *1 /FUXPSL 1PSU -7.ߏ੒ %FWJDF*%$$%% 4FSWFS͔Β͸ͭͷ4UPSBHF7PMVNF ͱͯ͠ೝࣝɻ΋ͬͱେ͖ͳ7PMVNF͕ཉ͍͠

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αʔόͱετϨʔδͷ઀ଓ Ԡ༻ 31 4UPSBHF4ZTUFN 4UPSBHF7PMVNF -PHJDBM1PSU 4$4*1SPUPDPM&OE1PJOU 4$4*1SPUPDPM$POUSPMMFS 4FSWFS -6/ -6/ %FWJDF*%""## /*$ 5BSHFU1PSU *2/ JRODPN OFUBQQZZZZZZWT *1 /FUXPSL 1PSU -7.ߏ੒ %FWJDF*%$$%% -7.ʹͯͭͷ4UPSBHF7PMVNFΛ ͭͷڊେͳ4UPSBHF7PMVNFʹଋͶఏڙ -7.

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3FQMJDBUJPO

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ετϨʔδͷ3FQMJDBUJPOͷಛ௕ ‣ 3FQMJDBUJPOॲཧΛαʔόͷ$16.FNPSZΛ࢖Θ࣮ͣߦ ΞϓϦͷੑೳӨڹͳ͠ ‣ ετϨʔδؒωοτϫʔΫ 8FTU&BTU ͷར༻ʹΑΓ αʔόετϨʔδؒωοτϫʔΫ /PSUI4PVUI ͷτϥϑΟοΫෛՙΛܰݮ 33 4UPSBHF 4ZTUFN /PSUI 4PVUI 3FBE 8SJUF 4FSWFSTJEF3FQMJDBUJPO 4UPSBHF 4ZTUFN 8SJUF 4UPSBHFTJEF3FQMJDBUJPO 8FTU &BTU

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3FQMJDBUJPOͷछྨ ‣ ετϨʔδͰ͸ෳ਺छྨͷ3FQMJDBUJPO͕͋Γ 34 5ZQF -PDBM3FNPUF 4ZODISPOJ[BUJPO5ZQF .FNP .JSSPS -PDBM 4ZOD -PDBM "TZOD 3FNPUF 4ZOD 3FNPUF "TZOD $MPOF -PDBM 4ZOD -PDBM "TZOD 3FNPUF 4ZOD 3FNPUF "TZOD 4OBQTIPU -PDBM 4ZOD 'VMM ੈ୅؅ཧͰ͖Δ$MPOF -PDBM "TZOD 'VMM ੈ୅؅ཧͰ͖Δ$MPOF -PDBM 4ZOD %FMUB -PDBM "TZOD %FMUB

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.JSSPSͱ$MPOF 35 .JSSPS $MPOF ‣ .JSSPS͸جຊ͸4ZODISPOJ[FE ϖΞ ঢ়ଶ 5BSHFUF7PMVNFʹΞΫηε͢Δ৔߹͸4QMJU ‣ $MPOF͸ಉ͡෺ཧߏ੒Ͱͳͯ͘΋Մೳ ϕϯμʹΑͬͯ͸$PQZ ճͷΈͷ$MPOF 4QMJU 4ZODISPOJ[FE 4PVSDF 5BSHFU 4PVSDFͱ ಉ͡෺ཧߏ੒ 4PVSDFͱ ಉ͡෺ཧߏ੒ Ͱͳͯ͘΋ྑ͍ 4PVSDF $MPOF

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-PDBMͱ3FNPUF ‣ ᝑମ಺ -PDBM ͱᝑମؒ 3FNPUF Ͱ.JSSPS$MPOF ‣ ௒௕ڑ཭ͷ৔߹͸.VMUJ3FQMJDBߏ੒ 36 4UPSBHF 4ZTUFN 4UPSBHF 4ZTUFN 4UPSBHF 4ZTUFN 4UPSBHF 4ZTUFN 4UPSBHF 4ZTUFN -PDBM 3FNPUF .VMUJ3FQMJDB TPVSDF UBSHFU 4UPSBHF 4ZTUFN TPVSDF UBSHFU TPVSDF UBSHFUTPVSDF UBSHFU

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4ZODͱ"TZOD 37 ‣ 4ZOD ಉظ ͸ۙڑ཭ؒɺ"TZOD ඇಉظ ͸த௕ڑ཭ؒͰར༻ ‣ "TZOD͸ϕϯμʹΑͬͯσʔλసૹ࣌ʹѹॖͳͲΛߦ͏΋ͷ΋͋Γ " " " 8SJUF׬ྃ 8SJUFཁٻ " " " 8SJUF׬ྃ 8SJUFཁٻ 4ZOD "TZOD

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4OBQTIPU 38 " 5JNF # # "` $ $ "Λ"`ʹ ॻ͖׵͑ 4OBQTIPU 7PMVNF " " # $ " # $ #` "` 4OBQTIPU࣮ߦ 4PVSDF 4OBQTIPU࣮ߦ #Λ#`ʹ ॻ͖׵͑ ‣ 4OBQTIPU͸ࠩ෼σʔλͷΈόοΫΞοϓ ࠩ෼σʔλͷ อଘྖҬ $P8 $PQZPO8SJUF ʹ ΑΔࠩ෼όοΫΞοϓ

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4OBQTIPUͷಛ௃ ‣ ར఺ ࠩ෼όοΫΞοϓͷͨΊফඅ͢Δ෺ཧϝσΟΞ༰ྔ͕গͳ͍ 5IJO1SPWJTJPOJOHͷ-#"Ϛοϐϯάςʔϒϧ΁ͷ͔ᷮͳ֦ுͰ࣮૷Ͱ͖ɺ ετϨʔδ಺ͷ؅ཧςʔϒϧͷ༰ྔ࡟ݮ 5IJO1SPWJTJPOJOHͱ૬ੑ͕ྑ͍ ‣ ܽ఺ 4OBQTIPU7PMVNF͔Β3FBE͢Δ৔߹ɺ4PVSDF7PMVNF΁ͷੑೳӨڹ͋Γ $P8ʹΑΔύϑΥʔϚϯεྼԽ͕ͰΔϕϯμ΋͋Γ ‣ όοΫΞοϓҎ֎ͷϢʔεέʔε 4OBQTIPU7PMVNFΛ8SJUBCMFʹ͢Δ͜ͱͰ04ͷ(PMEFO*NBHFͳͲͰ΋׆༻

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3FQMJDBUJPOͷࣄྫ 40 4UPSBHF4ZTUFN 4UPSBHF4ZTUFN ຊళ ࢧళ" 4UPSBHF4ZTUFN "DUJWF 4UBOECZ .JSSPS BTZOD Ӧۀ࣌ؒޙʹ 4QMJU͠ςʔϓ΁ όοΫΞοϓ 5BQF 4OBQTIPU %JTLόοΫ Ξοϓ

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ϑΝΠϧετϨʔδ

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ϑΝΠϧετϨʔδͱྺ࢙ ‣ ϑΝΠϧετϨʔδ /"4 ͸'JMF4ZTUFNΛෳ਺αʔόͰڞ༗͢ΔετϨʔδ ‣ ༗໊ͳϓϩτίϧͱͯ͠͸/'4 6OJYܥ 4.#$*'4 8JOEPXTܥ ‣ /'4͸4VO.JDSPTZTUFNT͕೥ʹൃදɻ4VO04্ͷϑΝΠϧΛڞ༗͢Δ ϓϩτίϧͱͯ͠։ൃɻ31$ 0/$31$ ͸/'4ͷҰ෦ͱͯ͠஀ੜ /'4W 5$1PS6%1 ൪1PSU /'4W 5$1 ϙʔτ ओʹ/'4Eɺ/FUXPSL-PDL.BOBHFS SRVPUB͔Βߏ੒͞ΕΔ ‣ 4.#͸೥ʹ*#.ʹΑͬͯ։ൃ͞ΕͨޙɺϚΠΫϩιϑτʹͯಠ֦ࣗுɻ $*'4͸ϚΠΫϩιϑτʹͯ։ൃ͞Εͨ4.#ϕʔεͷΦʔϓϯͳϓϩτίϧ ԼҐϓϩτίϧ4.#͸/FU#*04 $*'4͸/FU#*04PWFS5$1*1 ϙʔτ /"4/FUXPSL"UUBDIFE4UPSBHF /'4/FUXPSL'JMF4ZTUFN 4.#4FSWFS.FTTBHF#MPDL

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'JMF4ZTUFNͱ͸ ‣ 04͕ఏڙ͢ΔϑΝΠϧΛ؅ཧ͢ΔγεςϜ FYU YGT [GT /5'4ͳͲ ‣ جຊతͳΞʔΩͱͯ͠͸JOPEFͱ%BUB#MPDLʹͯϑΝΠϧΛදݱ 43 ਌ͷJOPEFOVNCFS σΟϨΫτϦͷJOPEF൪߸͕ଟ͍ ϑΝΠϧͷϝλ৘ใ 'JMF/BNF 6TFS*%(SPVQ*% 1FSNJTTJPOͳͲ JOPEFOVNCFS %#" %BUB#MPDL"EESFTT %#" %#" %BUB#MPDL %#" %#" %BUB#MPDL %BUB#MPDL %BUB#MPDL %BUB#MPDL )%%͸CZUF 44%͸,ͷ΋ͷ͕ଟ͍

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ϑΝΠϧετϨʔδͱ͸ ‣ 'JMF4ZTUFNͰఏڙ͞ΕͨϑΝΠϧ σΟϨΫτϦؚΉ Λ/'4 4.#$*'4 ͳͲͷϓϩτίϧΛ௨͡αʔό΁ఏڙ ‣ 'JMF4ZTUFNΛετϨʔδ͕؅ཧ ϑΝΠϧͷ6TFS*%(SPVQ*% 1FSNJTTJPO΋ετϨʔδͷ'JMF4ZTUFN ͕؅ཧ ΞΧ΢ϯτ؅ཧͱ/'4͸ҰॹʹγεςϜઃܭ΋ଟ͍ 'JMF4ZTUFNͰ࣮૷͞Ε͍ͯΔϩοΫ΍ΫΦʔλͷ εςʔλε΋/FUXPSL-PDL.BOBHFS SRVPUBʹΑΓ ෳ਺αʔόؒͰ࿈ܞ 44 03&*--:/'4/*4

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جຊߏ੒ 45 #MPDL4UPSBHF 4ZTUFN #MPDL4UPSBHF4ZTUFN͸؆ུ 'JMF4FSWFS͸Ұൠతͳ-JOVY΍#4%Ͱ࣮૷͍ͯ͠Δϕϯμ͕ଟ͍ 'JMF4FSWFS -PHJDBM1PSU 'JMF4UPSBHF4FSWJDF 1SPUPDPM&OE1PJOU 'JMF&YQPSU4FSWJDF -PDBM'JMF4ZTUFN 'JMF4IBSF 'JMF4ZTUFN FYU YGT /5'4ͳͲ ڞ༗͢Δύε σΟϨΫτϦ /'4 4.#$*'4ͷαʔϏε ϓϩτίϧͷΤϯυϙΠϯτ /'4PS$*'4

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ϑΝΠϧετϨʔδͷػೳ ‣ ετϨʔδͱͯ͠ͷػೳ͸ɺϒϩοΫετϨʔδͦͷ·· ‣ ϑΝΠϧετϨʔδಛ༗ͷػೳ ΞΧ΢ϯτ࿈ܞ "% -%"1࿈ܞͳͲ 46

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ϩοΫϝΧχζϜͷҧ͍ ‣ ϒϩοΫετϨʔδ -#" ࿦ཧϒϩοΫΞυϨογϯά ͷΞΫηε ͷͨΊɺϩοΫϝΧχζϜΛ͍࣋ͬͯͳ͍ ୆ͷϗετ͔ΒͷΈ8SJUFͱͳΔΑ͏ʹ Ϛ΢ϯτ͢Δඞཁ͋Γ ‣ ϑΝΠϧετϨʔδ ϑΝΠϧ୯ҐͰͷϩοΫϝΧχζϜ͋Γ 0QFO࣌ʹऔಘͨ͠ϩοΫΛଞϗετʹ΋఻ൖ ෳ਺୆ͷϗετ͔Β3FBE8SJUF͕Մೳ 47 )PTU )PTU )PTU )PTU 3FBE8SJUF 3FBE 3FBE8SJUF 3FBE8SJUF )PTU ͕ഉଞϩοΫͰ ։͍͍ͯΔΑ pMF ϒϩοΫετϨʔδ ϑΝΠϧετϨʔδ

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ετϨʔδͷࡶֶ

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ΞϓϥΠΞϯεͱ4%4 ‣ ΞϓϥΠΞϯεετϨʔδ͸ϕϯμͷઐ༻ϋʔυ΢ΣΞ ಠࣗ"4*$΍$16 '1(" ιϑτ΢ΣΞʹ࣮ͯ૷ ‣ 4%4 4PGUXBSF%FpOFE4UPSBHF ͸ίϞσΟςΟϋʔυ΢ΣΞιϑτ΢ΣΞ ʹ࣮ͯ૷ ‣ ҰൠతʹΞϓϥΠΞϯεετϨʔδͷํ͕ઐ༻ϋʔυ΢ΣΞͷͨΊߴ଎ ‣ 4%4ͰੑೳΛग़ͨ͢Ίʹ͸ϋΠεϖοΫͳαʔό୆਺ͱߴ଎ͳωοτϫʔΫ ͕ඞཁ ֤αʔό /PEF ؒ͸ઐ༻ωοτϫʔΫ͕ਪ঑ ྫ $FQI J4$4* ͷ৔߹$16ίΞɺ(#ͷ3".ɺ/*$Ҏ্ɺ (C&UIFSOFU͕࠷௿/PEFඞཁ 04%ϊʔυ ؅ཧϊʔυ 49 IUUQTEPDVNFOUBUJPOTVTFDPNKBKQTFTIUNMTFTBMMTUPSBHFCQIXSFRIUNM

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ετϨʔδͷϓϩτίϧͷਐԽ ‣ 44%ͷొ৔ʹ͋Θͤͯσʔλϓϩτίϧ͕ਐԽ ‣ ؅ཧϞσϧΠϯλʔϑΣʔε͸Ծ૝ԽɾΫϥ΢υʹ߹ΘͤͯਐԽ 50 )%% 44% ϝσΟΞ σʔλϓϩτίϧ '$ J4$4* 4$4* /7.F /7.FP' 9.-ϕʔε 8."1* +40/ϕʔε 3&45GVM"1* ؅ཧϞσϧ ΠϯλʔϑΣʔε ৽ϝσΟΞ Ծ૝Խ Ϋϥ΢υ

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εϧʔϓοτͱ*014 ‣ ϥϯμϜ*0͸ඵ͋ͨΓͷτϥϯβΫγϣϯ͕ॏཁͳͨΊ*014͕ࢦඪ ‣ γʔέϯγϟϧ*0͸ඵ౰ͨΓͷॲཧྔ͕ඞཁͳͨΊεϧʔϓοτ .#TFD ͕ॏཁ 51 " # $ " # $ "#""# '"#'## 3BOEPN*0 4FRVFOUJBM*0 " # $ XSJUF SFBE XSJUF SFBE " # $