2 December 2005 Web Technologies Future Trends Prof. Beat Signer Department of Computer Science Vrije Universiteit Brussel beatsigner.com Department of Computer Science Vrije Universiteit Brussel beatsigner.com

Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - [email protected] 2 December 10, 2024 back-to-the-future-delorean_1.jpg The Future of the Web ▪ From a Web of documents (e.g.HTML pages) to a Web of structured data and services ▪ semantic web and linked data ▪ cloud computing ▪ enabling technologies - URI, XML, RDF and OWL ▪ The Internet as one global machine ▪ interoperability of services ▪ automatic reasoning ▪ The Mobile Web ▪ access information and services offered by the global machine from everywhere at any time, feed the machine with new data and teach the machine new relationships between data

Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - [email protected] 3 December 10, 2024 The Future of the Web ... ▪ Internet of Things (Web of Things) ▪ integration of physical objects with the global machine ▪ physical world gets reflected in digital space via sensor input data (e.g.digital twins) - RFID, GPS, temperature, ... ▪ information and services managed by the global machine get projected into the physical space via augmented reality ▪ Personal data that is nowadays stored in folders on personal computers might move to the global machine ▪ User interfaces for the global machine ▪ personalised filtering and recommendation of related information based on user profiling and AI technologies (risk of filter bubble) ▪ cross-media browsers

Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - [email protected] 4 December 10, 2024 The Future of the Web ... ▪ How will documents look like in the future? ▪ graph of linked data ▪ documents as structural view of the linked data ▪ How are the presented ideas related to approaches introduced earlier in the course? ▪ e.g.Bush's Memex or Nelson's Xanadu ▪ Do we need new publishing models for the creation of linked data to be managed by the global machine? ▪ Finally, it is not only about connecting our data, services and machines but we are the machine

Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - [email protected] 5 December 10, 2024 New Forms of User Interfaces ▪ Is the concept of a document still the right metaphor for accessing linked data? ▪ What about interfaces with semantic zooming functionality to seamlessly dive into more details? ▪ Will the increasing impact of social computing also be manifested in future interfaces for the global machine? ▪ e.g.filtering and ranking of information Microsoft's Photosynth interface for digital images

Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - [email protected] 6 December 10, 2024 New Forms of User Interfaces ... ▪ In the future we will no longer just access information from the machine via a web browser but augment and use the physical environment as natural user interface (augmented reality interfaces) ▪ The use of linked data could help to overcome some the limitations of existing document-centric desktop interfaces ▪ files as ultimate level of granularity ▪ no links (associations) between files or parts of files ▪ missing content annotation functionality

Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - [email protected] 7 December 10, 2024 New Forms of User Interfaces ... augmented car windshield augmented phone display Wikitude World Browser Mojo Vision Augmented reality windshield, GM augmented reality contact lens Apple Vision Pro

Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - [email protected] 8 December 10, 2024 The Future of the Internet internet of things web of data self-organising cloud computing security and privacy mobile web social computing one global machine

Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - [email protected] 9 December 10, 2024 Solid ▪ Social Linked Data ▪ web decentralisation project led by Tim Berners-Lee ▪ set of tools and conventions based on Linked Data principles (URI, RDF(S), OWL, SPARQL, ...) ▪ Give users control over their data (true data ownership) ▪ personal online datastores (pods) - users decide where their pods are hosted ▪ decoupling of applications and data - data can be reused across applications - avoids vendor lock-in app X app Y pod 1 pod 2 pod 3 pod 4

Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - [email protected] 10 December 10, 2024 Hypertext principles can play a major role in realising a general infrastructure for human- information interaction in mixed reality environments

Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - [email protected] 11 December 10, 2024 General Infrastructure for Mixed Reality ▪ W3C WebXR Device API ▪ cross-platform compatibility ▪ web-based applications running in a browser ▪ W3C Web of Things(WoT) Thing Description (TD) ▪ metadata and interfaces of IoT devices & passive things ▪ Solid Project ▪ decentralised Solid Pods in addition to the Web ▪ collaborative authoring and sharing of information Solid

Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - [email protected] 12 December 10, 2024 edfestComponents 01001000100 0101001100010010100010010 0100100010010001000100001001000 100010001100001001000110010101010110 1100010010100010010010010100010101011001 101001100001100 101010100 0010100 100 110101010101 00100 01010101000 1001 1111111111 111 0000000010 0 11111111 0101001011 010101010 111010101 001010010110 splash.gif Fluid Cross-Media Information Spaces

Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - [email protected] 13 December 10, 2024 RSL Hypermedia Metamodel and iServer iwebfirefox movieplugin ipaper Global Information Systems Group, ETH Zurich

Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - [email protected] 14 December 10, 2024 iserverNew_blue Global Information Systems Group, ETH Zurich

Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - [email protected] 15 December 10, 2024 Interactive Festival Guide (EdFest) edfestComponents Global Information Systems Group ETH Zurich

Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - [email protected] 16 December 10, 2024 Personal Information Management (PIM) ▪ Keeping, organising and re-finding information ▪ digital and physical ▪ Study of human- information interaction ▪ files, piles, mixtures, … ▪ OC2 PIM model ▪ based on RSL hypermedia metamodel ▪ Cross-Media PIM system ▪ explicit as well as implicit associations between entities

Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - [email protected] 17 December 10, 2024 MindXpres Presentation Platform ▪ Flexible representation of presentations ▪ use of structural RSL links ▪ separation of content and structure ▪ based on HTML5, JS & CSS ▪ Extensible platform ▪ content-based approach ▪ content reuse (transclusion) ▪ non-linear navigation and zoomable user interface ▪ associative linking ▪ rich media types Reinout Roels

Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - [email protected] 18 December 10, 2024 MindXpres Document Representation R. Roels and B. Signer, A Conceptual Framework and Content Model for Next Generation Presentation Solutions, PACMHCI 3(Issue EICS), 2019 R. Roels and B. Signer, A Conceptual Framework and Content Model for Next Generation Presentation Solutions, PACMHCI 3(Issue EICS), 2019

Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - [email protected] 19 December 10, 2024 EUD of Cross-Device and IoT Applications ▪ Rapid prototyping platform for cross-device and IoT applications (eSPACE) ▪ End-user authoring ▪ customised distribution of user interface components ▪ mashup tool for digital and physical (IoT) components

Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - [email protected] 20 December 10, 2024 RSL-based Associative File System signer My Pictures Vancouver ER 2010 Granville Island Vancouver Harbour Public Market Keynote J. Thorp Olga and Lamia Dinner ER 2010 multiple classification structural link navigational link My Videos Vancouver Aquarium ER 2010 Keynote cross-media association My Presentations ER 2010 WISE 2009 cross-media transclusion single slide transclusion (via OOXML RSL selector) Gregory Cardone

Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - [email protected] 21 December 10, 2024 RSL-based Associative File System ... Brent Willems Graphical user interface Description automatically generated

Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - [email protected] 22 December 10, 2024 RSL-based Hypermedia Engine RSL-based Hypermedia Engine Legacy Applications File System Driver Hypermedia-enabled Applications HT2021.docx HT2021.docx …

Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - [email protected] 23 December 10, 2024 References ▪ B. Signer and M.C. Norrie, As We May Link: A General Metamodel for Hypermedia Systems, Pro- ceedings of ER 2007, 26th International Conference on Conceptual Modeling, November 2007 ▪ https://beatsigner.com/publications/signer_ER2007.pdf ▪ B. Signer, Towards Cross-Media Information Spaces and Architectures, Proceedings of RCIS 2019, 13th International Conference on Research Challenges in Information Science, Brussels, Belgium, May 2019 ▪ https://beatsigner.com/publications/signer_RCIS2019.pdf

Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - [email protected] 24 December 10, 2024 References ▪ B. Signer, R. Roels, R. van Barlingen and B. Willems, Back to the Future: Bringing Original Hyper- media Concepts to Modern Desktop Environments, Pro- ceedings of Hypertext 2021, 32nd ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, Virtual Event, August 2021 ▪ https://beatsigner.com/publications/signer_Hypertext2021.pdf ▪ S. Trullemans, A. Sanctorum and B. Signer, PimVis: Exploring and Re-finding Documents in Cross-Media Information Spaces, Proceedings of AVI 2016, Inter- national Working Conference on Advanced Visual Interfaces, Bari, Italy, June 2016 ▪ https://beatsigner.com/publications/trullemans_AVI2016.pdf

Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - [email protected] 25 December 10, 2024 References … ▪ R. Roels and B. Signer, A Conceptual Framework and Content Model for Next Generation Presentation Solutions, Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction (PACMHCI), 3(Issue EICS), June 2019 ▪ https://beatsigner.com/publications/roels_PACMHCI2019.pdf ▪ B. Signer, As We May Interact: Challenges and Opportunities for Next-Generation Human-Information Interaction, Proceedings of HUMAN 2024, Poznań, Poland, September 2024 ▪ https://beatsigner.com/publications/signer_HUMAN2024.pdf

Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - [email protected] 26 December 10, 2024 References … ▪ R. Roels and B. Signer, A Conceptual Framework and Content Model for Next Generation Presentation Solutions, Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction (PACMHCI), 3(Issue EICS), June 2019 ▪ https://beatsigner.com/publications/roels_PACMHCI2019.pdf ▪ Tekla S. Perry, Augmented Reality in a Contact Lens: It’s the Real Deal, IEEE Spectrum ▪ https://spectrum.ieee.org/ar-in-a-contact-lens-its-the-real-deal ▪ Solid Project ▪ https://solidproject.org

2 December 2005 Next Lecture Course Review