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Wed 29 Oct 1969
~ ucla$ ░
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Wed 29 Oct 1969
~ ucla$ ░
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Wed 29 Oct 1969
~ ucla$ lo ░
gin
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Wed 29 Oct 1969
~ ucla$ lo ░
░
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Peter Wilson • peterwilson.cc • @pwcc
Performance:
The path to HTTP/2 is Full of Potholes
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No content
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Linnaea Mallette
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Today
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Bytes on the page
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Total page size (MB)
Nov 2011 - April 2017
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
1 Nov '11 1 Jul '12 1 Mar '13 1 Nov '13 1 Jul '14 1 Mar '15 1 Nov '15 1 Jul '16 1 Mar '17
httparchive.org/trends.php, April 2017
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Total page size
Percent of Nov 2011
50%
100%
150%
200%
250%
300%
350%
1 Nov '11 1 Jul '12 1 Mar '13 1 Nov '13 1 Jul '14 1 Mar '15 1 Nov '15 1 Jul '16 1 Mar '17
httparchive.org/trends.php, April 2016
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Assets per page
Nov 2011 - March 2016
20
40
60
80
100
120
1 Nov '11 15 May '12 1 Dec '12 15 Jun '13 1 Jan '14 15 Jul '14 1 Feb '15 15 Aug '15 1 Mar '16
httparchive.org/trends.php, March 2016
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Webfonts
Multiple of Nov 2011 (requests)
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1 Nov '11 1 Jul '12 1 Mar '13 1 Nov '13 1 Jul '14 1 Mar '15 1 Nov '15 1 Jul '16 1 Mar '17
httparchive.org/trends.php, April 2016
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Load time
httparchive.org/trends.php, March 2016
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Load time
Start render: 4.2 seconds
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Load time
Visually complete: 12.7 seconds
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Load time
Document complete: 15.23 sec
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No content
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Money
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No content
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Walmart conversion rate
slideshare.net/devonauerswald/walmart-pagespeedslide
0 - 1
1 - 2
2 - 3
3 - 4
4 - 5
5 - 6
6 - 7
7 - 8
8 - 9
9 - 10
10 - 11
11 - 12
12 - 13
13 - 14
14 - 15
15+
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Shopzilla: 12% revenue increase
globaldots.com/how-website-speed-affects-conversion-rates
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Yahoo!: 9% traffic increase
globaldots.com/how-website-speed-affects-conversion-rates
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[A] slowdown of one second could
cost [Amazon] $1.6 billion in sales
pwcc.cc/go/1.6billion
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[A] slowdown of one second could
cost [Amazon] $1.6 billion in sales
Esther Vargas (CC) - flic.kr/p/fstSrg
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Each 100ms delay costs 1% of sales
pwcc.cc/go/amazon (ppt)
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Measure a starting point
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No content
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No content
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WebPageTest - webpagetest.org
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WebPageTest - webpagetest.org
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Key metrics
Document Complete Fully Loaded
Load Time First Byte Start Render Speed Index
DOM
Elements
Time Requests Bytes In Time Requests Bytes In
3.770s 0.771s 1.789s 1834 397 3.770s 27 635 KB 4.072s 33 661 KB
WebPageTest - webpagetest.org
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Timeline view
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Comparison timelines
Additional blocking request in HTML Header
Timed using WebPageTest - pwcc.cc/go/blocking
0.5s 1.0s 1.5s 2.0s
0% 0% 0% 100%
0% 86% 100%
Blocked
Unblocked
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Comparison timelines
Additional blocking request in HTML Header
Timed using WebPageTest - pwcc.cc/go/blocking
0.5s 1.0s 1.5s 2.0s
0% 0% 0% 100%
0% 86% 100%
Blocked
Unblocked
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Comparison timelines
Additional blocking request in HTML Header
Timed using WebPageTest - pwcc.cc/go/blocking
0.5s 1.0s 1.5s 2.0s
0% 0% 0% 100%
0% 86% 100%
Blocked
Unblocked
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Comparison timelines
Additional blocking request in HTML Header
Timed using WebPageTest - pwcc.cc/go/blocking
0.5s 1.0s 1.5s 2.0s
0% 0% 0% 100%
0% 86% 100%
Blocked
Unblocked
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Speed index
Document Complete Fully Loaded
Load Time First Byte Start Render Speed Index
DOM
Elements
Time Requests Bytes In Time Requests Bytes In
3.770s 0.771s 1.789s 1834 397 3.770s 27 635 KB 4.072s 33 661 KB
WebPageTest - webpagetest.org
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53 / 100
Our PageSpeed score is
you won’t believe how
much it’s costing
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World Super Cars at English Wikipedia (CC) • VIA Gallery (CC) - flic.kr/p/5QTEFc
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~$
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~$ nslookup example.com
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~$ nslookup example.com
Non-authoritative answer:
Name:example.com
Address: 117.53.163.91
~$
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~$
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~$ telnet 117.53.163.91 80
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~$ telnet 117.53.163.91 80
Connected to 117.53.163.91.
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~$ telnet 117.53.163.91 80
Connected to 117.53.163.91.
GET / HTTP/1.1
Host: example.com
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~$ telnet 117.53.163.91 80
Connected to 117.53.163.91.
GET / HTTP/1.1
Host: example.com
fallbacks: {
simplifyAll:"off",
nextSlideOnWindowFocus:"off",
disableFocusListener:false,
}
});
}
}); /*ready*/
/* <![CDATA[ */
var scriptParams = {"google_search_engine_id":"017877086915232438708:-pvqphefyyw"};
/* ]]> */
/* <![CDATA[ */
var qpprFrontData = {"linkData":{"http:\/\/example.com\/?p=3925":[0,1,"http:\/\/example.com\/?p=3893"],"http:\/\/example.com\/blog\/2014\/10\/sponsorship-directory\/":[0,1,""],"http:\/\/example.com\/?p=4437":[0,1,"http:\/\/example.com\/centrestage"],"http:\/\/example.com\/?
p=4522":[0,1,"http:\/\/example.com\/blog\/vacancy\/2015-radiothon-fundraising-events-coordinator\/"],"http:\/\/example.com\/blog\/2015\/05\/remember-joy-join\/":[0,1,""],"http:\/\/example.com\/blog\/2015\/06\/taste-of-radio\/":[0,1,"http:\/\/example.com\/training\/taste-of-
radio\/"],"http:\/\/example.com\/blog\/2015\/06\/new-music-to-weekdays\/":[0,1,"http:\/\/example.com\/music"],"http:\/\/example.com\/?p=4916":[0,1,"http:\/\/example.com\/rebel-heart-tour\/"],"http:\/\/example.com\/blog\/2015\/07\/centre-stage-the-winners\/":[0,1,"http:\/\/
example.com\/centrestage"],"http:\/\/example.com\/blog\/2015\/08\/latest-podcasts\/":[0,1,"http:\/\/example.com\/podcasts"],"http:\/\/example.com\/?p=5079":[0,1,"https:\/\/www.surveymonkey.com\/r\/joy949survey"],"http:\/\/example.com\/blog\/2015\/12\/volunteer-vacancies\/":
[0,1,"http:\/\/example.com\/vacancies-category\/volunteer\/"],"http:\/\/example.com\/blog\/2015\/11\/94days-of-summer-is-coming\/":[0,1,""],"http:\/\/example.com\/?p=5282":[0,1,"https:\/\/www.outix.net\/booktickets\/event\/JOYFundraiserDanish"],"http:\/\/example.com\/blog\/2016\/
02\/new-taste-radio-dates\/":[0,1,"http:\/\/example.com\/training\/taste-of-radio\/"]},"siteURL":"http:\/\/example.com","siteURLq":"http:\/\/example.com"};
/* ]]> */
/* <![CDATA[ */
var zoomOptions = [];
/* ]]> */
/* <![CDATA[ */
var JQLBSettings = {"showTitle":"1","showCaption":"1","showNumbers":"1","fitToScreen":"1","resizeSpeed":"400","showDownload":"0","navbarOnTop":"0","marginSize":"20","slideshowSpeed":"4000","prevLinkTitle":"previous image","nextLinkTitle":"next image","closeTitle":"close image
gallery","image":"Image ","of":" of ","download":"Download","pause":"(pause slideshow)","play":"(play slideshow)"};
/* ]]> */
/* <![CDATA[ */
var mejsL10n = {"language":"en-US","strings":{"Close":"Close","Fullscreen":"Fullscreen","Download File":"Download File","Download Video":"Download Video","Play\/Pause":"Play\/Pause","Mute Toggle":"Mute Toggle","None":"None","Turn off Fullscreen":"Turn off Fullscreen","Go
Fullscreen":"Go Fullscreen","Unmute":"Unmute","Mute":"Mute","Captions\/Subtitles":"Captions\/Subtitles"}};
var _wpmejsSettings = {"pluginPath":"\/wp-includes\/js\/mediaelement\/"};
/* ]]> */
/* <![CDATA[ */
var JOYTwitter_config = {"ajaxurl":"https:\/\/example.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","sec":"ecaf121956"};
/* ]]> */
window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.info={"beacon":"bam.nr-data.net","licenseKey":"70c3bbd35e","applicationID":"1953133","transactionName":"M1RRZ0FUX0ZTV0ZRWAoeclBHXF5bHV1cXFIc","queueTime":0,"applicationTime":
1036,"atts":"HxNSEQlOTEg=","errorBeacon":"bam.nr-data.net","agent":""}
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No content
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Assets on a page
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Blockers
HTML
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Blockers
HTML
CSS
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Blockers
HTML
CSS
IMG
IMG
IMG
FONTS
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Blockers
HTML
CSS
IMG
IMG
IMG
JS
FONTS
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Blockers
HTML
CSS
IMG
IMG
IMG
JS
IFRAME
FONTS
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Waterfall
WebPageTest - webpagetest.org
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Waterfall
WebPageTest - webpagetest.org
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Waterfall
WebPageTest - webpagetest.org
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Waterfall
WebPageTest - webpagetest.org
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But, we have HTTP/2 now.
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Everything you know about
performance is now wrong and
former best practices are now an
anti-pattern and considered
harmful.
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These titles are
considered harmful
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caniuse.com/http2, March 2016
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caniuse.com/http2, March 2016
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Sites using HTTP/2
w3techs.com, March 2016
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Traffic
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Your site running HTTP/2
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HTTP/2
A fictional guide
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e½ÚësÃ(*áyì:V÷äÔmeê1É62ðÀúæ¾ñ¿´ÝVèíR6ªR~vË÷=ñÇÏéÞµU¸$ãJçÄgW¤Õ¬RÂ>wbý
¶u}¡AtNéSÏ|úÔ/ntùMÌ 9ë×ìì#6fÝÓåSò·¯µe^xfÈØqé×ÔøÜ65ÊM«£e¡ÿÕþ³¦¼ìe*{[=ÏMkÙþîGá^´Úm¦°q4È¥äNsô¯Ðç0ʾcd~Uë÷v
zÝÝG0-Á#;DoqßÐäWÏá)èÚG·ÖäÕíøÿÖý÷Ó¾+k×{ìw+påß*2Y’Á>ßzm¯þ×7cs+é_%éú=ÍÌ
æuQo’÷¢ÀÁ=Ï~kÓôÝ3^Ó7UvÁÎÖãÔtλM¤ù<15÷VÞ;ÖRíFïëRÄ·7ùÎINCXZu¡°Ê÷Ûã##5Ñ
uÚÞ㨫÷?ô»l®þ2yï[fX÷Æßô7ÆgÕsÅXúZçÆ6P#F[Ãu9üë1|KkrG”ÁÜÙÚIí|÷ã¼¼û0Üû})
÷*SjTÛÙÈïõºýÀZÂmVo5Ì~^Ѥq¹úã.k°ÿ{B(8¦îд0s´Eòd÷×Øá2YƵ;úiºÑ7Ö_ä~%Ðü
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~$
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~$ ssh 117.53.163.91 443
Connected to 117.53.163.91.
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~$ ssh 117.53.163.91 443
Connected to 117.53.163.91.
Handshake Type: Client Hello
Version: TLS 1.2
Server name: example.com
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~$ ssh 117.53.163.91 443
Connected to 117.53.163.91.
Handshake Type: Client Hello
Version: TLS 1.2
Server name: example.com
Certificate: 14:9f:f0:9e:ab…
Certificate Length: 4096
Upgrade: HTTP/2
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~$ ssh 117.53.163.91 443
Connected to 117.53.163.91.
Handshake Type: Client Hello
Version: TLS 1.2
Server name: example.com
Certificate: 14:9f:f0:9e:ab…
Certificate Length: 4096
Upgrade: HTTP/2
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~$ ssh 117.53.163.91 443
Connected to 117.53.163.91.
Handshake Type: Client Hello
Version: TLS 1.2
Server name: example.com
Certificate: 14:9f:f0:9e:ab…
Certificate Length: 4096
Upgrade: HTTP/2
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Handshake Type: Client Hello
Version: TLS 1.2
Server name: example.com
Certificate: 14:9f:f0:9e:ab…
Certificate Length: 4096
Upgrade: HTTP/2
ClientKeyExchange: 8C:77:82…
GET / HTTP/2
Host: example.com
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Handshake Type: Client Hello
Version: TLS 1.2
Server name: example.com
Certificate: 14:9f:f0:9e:ab…
Certificate Length: 4096
Upgrade: HTTP/2
ClientKeyExchange: 8C:77:82…
GET / HTTP/2
Host: example.com
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Server name: example.com
Certificate: 14:9f:f0:9e:ab…
Certificate Length: 4096
Upgrade: HTTP/2
ClientKeyExchange: 8C:77:82…
GET / HTTP/2
Host: example.com
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Server name: example.com
Certificate: 14:9f:f0:9e:ab…
Certificate Length: 4096
Upgrade: HTTP/2
ClientKeyExchange: 8C:77:82…
GET / HTTP/2
Host: example.com
GET /style.css HTTP/2
GET /script.js HTTP/2
.comment-respond{clear:both}
@media only screen and (min-width:35em){.comment-form>div{width:50%;float:left}
.Comment .comment-form>div{width:auto;float:none}
.comment-form>div:nth-child(2n){padding-right:1rem}
.Comment .comment-form>div:nth-child(2n){padding-right:0}
.comment-form>div:nth-child(2n-1){padding-left:1rem}
.Comment .comment-form>div:nth-child(2n-1){padding-left:0}
.comment-form>.comment-form_comment.comment-form_comment{width:auto;clear:left;float:none;padding-left:0;padding-right:0}
.comment-form_comment ~ div:nth-child(2n){padding-left:1rem;padding-right:0}
.Comment .comment-form_comment ~ div:nth-child(2n){padding-left:0}
.comment-form_comment ~ div:nth-child(2n-1){padding-right:1rem;padding-left:0}
.Comment .comment-form_comment ~ div:nth-child(2n-1){padding-right:0}
.comment-form_comment ~ :nth-child(2n-1),.comment-form_comment ~ .form-submit{clear:left}
}
.SocialShare{color:#bdc2c7}
.SocialShare_Title{font-size:13px;font-size:0.8125rem;text-transform:uppercase;line-height:1.8461538462;margin-bottom:0}
.SocialShare_List{list-style:none;margin-left:0}
.SocialShare_List>li{margin-bottom:0;font-size:13px;font-size:0.8125rem}
.SocialLink,.SocialLink:visited{color:inherit;font-size:13px;font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.6923076923;min-width:3rem;display:inline-block;text-decoration:none;border:1px solid;border-radius:3px;margin-bottom:.
5rem;padding-right:.3em}
.SocialLink:hover,.SocialLink:focus,.SocialLink:active{color:inherit;text-decoration:none}
.SocialLink_Count{visibility:hidden}
.SocialLink:hover .SocialLink_Count,.SocialLink:focus .SocialLink_Count,.SocialLink_Count .SocialLink:active{visibility:visible}
.Comment{font-size:14px;font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1.7142857143;display:block}
.Comment,.Comment p,.Comment blockquote,.Comment pre{margin-bottom:1.7142857143em}
.Comment-withAvatar{margin-left:64px;min-height:56px}
.Comment_Meta{color:#bdc2c7}
.Comment_Avatar{width:48px;height:48px;position:absolute;margin-top:4px;margin-left:-64px}
.Comment_Avatar>img{width:48px;height:48px}
.Comment_Name,.Comment_Time,.Comment_Time>a{font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;text-transform:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-style:inherit;margin-bottom:0}
.Comment_Name{float:left}
.Comment_Time{float:right}
.Comment_Time>a{color:inherit}
.Comment_Moderation.Comment_Moderation{margin-bottom:0;font-style:italic}
.Comment_Body{clear:right}
.Comment-withAvatar .Comment_Body{float:left}
.Comment_Body :last-child{margin-bottom:0}
.comment-reply-link,.comment-reply-link:visited{color:#bdc2c7;text-transform:uppercase}
.comment-reply-link:hover,.comment-reply-link:focus,.comment-reply-link:visited{color:#bdc2c7}
.CommentList{margin-left:0;display:block}
.CommentList+.Pagination{margin-bottom:6rem}
.Section{margin-bottom:6rem;margin-left:1em;margin-right:1em}
@media only screen and (min-width:48em){.Section{margin-left:6em;margin-right:6em}
}
.PostList{list-style:none;margin-left:0}
.PostList_Post{margin-bottom:6rem}
.PostList_Post-NoExcerpt{margin-bottom:3rem}
.more-link{display:block;margin-top:1.5em}
.Page_Main{padding-top:1.5rem;padding-bottom:1.5rem;background-color:#fff}
.Page_Footer{padding-top:1.5rem}
@media (min-width:60em){.Page_Header{float:left;width:220px}
.Page_Main{float:left;width:calc( 100% - 440px )}
.Page_Sidebar{float:left;width:220px;min-height:50px}
.Page_Footer{clear:both}
}
.t-Singular .Headline,.t-Singular .EntryMeta,.Pagination-PrevNextPost{margin-left:1rem;margin-right:1rem}
@media only screen and (min-width:48em){.t-Singular .Headline,.t-Singular .EntryMeta,.Pagination-PrevNextPost{margin-left:6rem;margin-right:6rem}
}
.Pagination-PrevNextPost{margin-bottom:3rem}
.EntryMeta{position:relative}
.EntryMeta .SocialShare_List>li{display:inline-block;padding-right:.25em}
@media only screen and (min-width:60em){.EntryMeta .SocialShare_List>li{display:list-item}
.EntryMeta .SocialShare{position:absolute;width:70px;background:white;top:0;left:100%;padding-left:.5rem;padding-top:2em;left:calc( 100% + 6rem )}
}
.fluid-width-video-wrapper{width:100%;max-width:126.6666666667vh;position:relative;padding:0;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}
.fluid-width-video-wrapper:before{display:block;width:100%;padding-top:75%;content:' '}
.fluid-width-video-wrapper>iframe,.fluid-width-video-wrapper>object,.fluid-width-video-wrapper>embed{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%}
.alignleft{float:left;margin-right:1em;margin-bottom:1em;margin-left:-1rem}
@media only screen and (min-width:60em){.alignleft{margin-left:-5rem}
}
.alignright{float:right;margin-left:1em;margin-bottom:1em;margin-right:-1rem}
@media only screen and (min-width:60em){.alignright{margin-right:-5rem}
}
.instagram-image .keyring-img,.wp-post-image,figure.alignnone,img.alignnone,.aligncenter{display:block;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}
.post-password-form label{color:#bdc2c7;font-size:13px;font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692308;text-transform:uppercase;display:block;margin-bottom:.5rem}
.post-password-form [type=password]{width:100%;border-radius:2px;color:#2a2b2b;background-color:#f3f3f3;font-size:14px;font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1.7142857143;border-width:1px;outline:none;padding:calc( .5rem -
1px ) 0.75rem;border-style:solid;border-color:#f3f3f3}
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Server push
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Handshake Type: Client Hello
Version: TLS 1.2
Server name: example.com
Certificate: 14:9f:f0:9e:ab…
Certificate Length: 4096
Upgrade: HTTP/2
ClientKeyExchange: 8C:77:82…
GET / HTTP/2
Host: example.com
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Server name: example.com
Certificate: 14:9f:f0:9e:ab…
Certificate Length: 4096
Upgrade: HTTP/2
ClientKeyExchange: 8C:77:82…
GET / HTTP/2
Host: example.com
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Server name: example.com
Certificate: 14:9f:f0:9e:ab…
Certificate Length: 4096
Upgrade: HTTP/2
ClientKeyExchange: 8C:77:82…
GET / HTTP/2
Host: example.com
Link:;rel=preload
Link:;rel=preload
.comment-respond{clear:both}
@media only screen and (min-width:35em){.comment-form>div{width:50%;float:left}
.Comment .comment-form>div{width:auto;float:none}
.comment-form>div:nth-child(2n){padding-right:1rem}
.Comment .comment-form>div:nth-child(2n){padding-right:0}
.comment-form>div:nth-child(2n-1){padding-left:1rem}
.Comment .comment-form>div:nth-child(2n-1){padding-left:0}
.comment-form>.comment-form_comment.comment-form_comment{width:auto;clear:left;float:none;padding-left:0;padding-right:0}
.comment-form_comment ~ div:nth-child(2n){padding-left:1rem;padding-right:0}
.Comment .comment-form_comment ~ div:nth-child(2n){padding-left:0}
.comment-form_comment ~ div:nth-child(2n-1){padding-right:1rem;padding-left:0}
.Comment .comment-form_comment ~ div:nth-child(2n-1){padding-right:0}
.comment-form_comment ~ :nth-child(2n-1),.comment-form_comment ~ .form-submit{clear:left}
}
.SocialShare{color:#bdc2c7}
.SocialShare_Title{font-size:13px;font-size:0.8125rem;text-transform:uppercase;line-height:1.8461538462;margin-bottom:0}
.SocialShare_List{list-style:none;margin-left:0}
.SocialShare_List>li{margin-bottom:0;font-size:13px;font-size:0.8125rem}
.SocialLink,.SocialLink:visited{color:inherit;font-size:13px;font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.6923076923;min-width:3rem;display:inline-block;text-decoration:none;border:1px solid;border-radius:3px;margin-bottom:.
5rem;padding-right:.3em}
.SocialLink:hover,.SocialLink:focus,.SocialLink:active{color:inherit;text-decoration:none}
.SocialLink_Count{visibility:hidden}
.SocialLink:hover .SocialLink_Count,.SocialLink:focus .SocialLink_Count,.SocialLink_Count .SocialLink:active{visibility:visible}
.Comment{font-size:14px;font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1.7142857143;display:block}
.Comment,.Comment p,.Comment blockquote,.Comment pre{margin-bottom:1.7142857143em}
.Comment-withAvatar{margin-left:64px;min-height:56px}
.Comment_Meta{color:#bdc2c7}
.Comment_Avatar{width:48px;height:48px;position:absolute;margin-top:4px;margin-left:-64px}
.Comment_Avatar>img{width:48px;height:48px}
.Comment_Name,.Comment_Time,.Comment_Time>a{font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;text-transform:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-style:inherit;margin-bottom:0}
.Comment_Name{float:left}
.Comment_Time{float:right}
.Comment_Time>a{color:inherit}
.Comment_Moderation.Comment_Moderation{margin-bottom:0;font-style:italic}
.Comment_Body{clear:right}
.Comment-withAvatar .Comment_Body{float:left}
.Comment_Body :last-child{margin-bottom:0}
.comment-reply-link,.comment-reply-link:visited{color:#bdc2c7;text-transform:uppercase}
.comment-reply-link:hover,.comment-reply-link:focus,.comment-reply-link:visited{color:#bdc2c7}
.CommentList{margin-left:0;display:block}
.CommentList+.Pagination{margin-bottom:6rem}
.Section{margin-bottom:6rem;margin-left:1em;margin-right:1em}
@media only screen and (min-width:48em){.Section{margin-left:6em;margin-right:6em}
}
.PostList{list-style:none;margin-left:0}
.PostList_Post{margin-bottom:6rem}
.PostList_Post-NoExcerpt{margin-bottom:3rem}
.more-link{display:block;margin-top:1.5em}
.Page_Main{padding-top:1.5rem;padding-bottom:1.5rem;background-color:#fff}
.Page_Footer{padding-top:1.5rem}
@media (min-width:60em){.Page_Header{float:left;width:220px}
.Page_Main{float:left;width:calc( 100% - 440px )}
.Page_Sidebar{float:left;width:220px;min-height:50px}
.Page_Footer{clear:both}
}
.t-Singular .Headline,.t-Singular .EntryMeta,.Pagination-PrevNextPost{margin-left:1rem;margin-right:1rem}
@media only screen and (min-width:48em){.t-Singular .Headline,.t-Singular .EntryMeta,.Pagination-PrevNextPost{margin-left:6rem;margin-right:6rem}
}
.Pagination-PrevNextPost{margin-bottom:3rem}
.EntryMeta{position:relative}
.EntryMeta .SocialShare_List>li{display:inline-block;padding-right:.25em}
@media only screen and (min-width:60em){.EntryMeta .SocialShare_List>li{display:list-item}
.EntryMeta .SocialShare{position:absolute;width:70px;background:white;top:0;left:100%;padding-left:.5rem;padding-top:2em;left:calc( 100% + 6rem )}
}
.fluid-width-video-wrapper{width:100%;max-width:126.6666666667vh;position:relative;padding:0;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}
.fluid-width-video-wrapper:before{display:block;width:100%;padding-top:75%;content:' '}
.fluid-width-video-wrapper>iframe,.fluid-width-video-wrapper>object,.fluid-width-video-wrapper>embed{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%}
.alignleft{float:left;margin-right:1em;margin-bottom:1em;margin-left:-1rem}
@media only screen and (min-width:60em){.alignleft{margin-left:-5rem}
}
.alignright{float:right;margin-left:1em;margin-bottom:1em;margin-right:-1rem}
@media only screen and (min-width:60em){.alignright{margin-right:-5rem}
}
.instagram-image .keyring-img,.wp-post-image,figure.alignnone,img.alignnone,.aligncenter{display:block;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}
.post-password-form label{color:#bdc2c7;font-size:13px;font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692308;text-transform:uppercase;display:block;margin-bottom:.5rem}
.post-password-form [type=password]{width:100%;border-radius:2px;color:#2a2b2b;background-color:#f3f3f3;font-size:14px;font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1.7142857143;border-width:1px;outline:none;padding:calc( .5rem -
1px ) 0.75rem;border-style:solid;border-color:#f3f3f3}
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Server push
Nag your system admins to install this.
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Performance wars
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Everything you know about
performance is now wrong and
former best practices are now an
anti-pattern and considered
harmful.
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HTTP/1’s former best practices can
be harmful over HTTP/2.
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Critical path CSS
Example.com
html{font-family:sans-serif}
body{margin:0}
article,aside,details,figcaption,figure,
footer,header,hgroup,main,nav,section,summary
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HTTP/1, without critical path CSS
HTML
CSS
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HTTP/1, without critical path CSS
HTML
CSS
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HTTP/1, with critical path CSS
HTML
CSS
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HTTP/2, with critical path CSS
HTML
CSS
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HTTP/2, without critical path CSS
HTML
CSS
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HTTP/2, without critical path CSS
HTML
CSS
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HTTP/2 server push
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w3.org/TR/preload/
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Server push
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Server push
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Server push
if ( is_http2() ) {
header( 'link:; rel=preload; as=style' );
header( 'link:; rel=preload; as=script');
}
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Server push
if ( is_http2() ) {
header( 'link:; rel=preload; as=style' );
header( 'link:; rel=preload; as=script');
}
PHP code samples
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Server push
if ( is_http2() ) {
header( 'link:; rel=preload; as=style' );
header( 'link:; rel=preload; as=script');
}
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Server push is unsophisticated
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Server push
if ( ! is_cached( '/style.css' ) && is_http2() ) {
header( 'link:; rel=preload; as=style' );
}
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Server push
if ( ! is_cached( '/style.css' ) && is_http2() ) {
header( 'link:; rel=preload; as=style' );
setcookie( '/style.css', 'cached', 0, '/' );
}
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is_cached()
function is_cached( $filename ) {
if ( 'cached' === $_COOKIE[ $filename ] ) {
return true;
}
else {
return false;
}
}
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https://h2o.examp1e.net/configure/http2_directives.html
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https://h2o.examp1e.net/configure/http2_directives.html
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Critical path CSS
A modern approach
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No content
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pwcc.cc/go/loadcss
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HTTP/1, with critical path CSS
HTML
CSS
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HTTP/2, without critical path CSS
HTML
CSS
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/* Critical CSS */
function loadCSS(){/* Source inline */}
function setcookie(){/* Source inline */}
loadCSS( '/style.css' );
setcookie( '/style.css', 'cached', 0, '/' );
HTML: uncached HTTP/1
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; rel=preload; as=style' );
setcookie( '/style.css', 'cached', 0, '/' );
}
?>
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Web fonts
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No content
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Visual progress
Via WebPageTest
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Visual progress
Via WebPageTest
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Blocking render with web fonts
html {
font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; }
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External resources
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External resources
prevent server push
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External resources
in effect, drop back to HTTP/1
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No content
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No content
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No content
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caniuse.com/font-loading, March 2016
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caniuse.com/font-loading, March 2016
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No content
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pwcc.cc/go/fout
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FOUT
var openSans = new FontFaceObserver( "Open Sans" );
openSans
.check()
.then( function(){
document.documentElement.className += " wf-active";
setCookie( 'wf', 'active' );
} );
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FOUT
var openSans = new FontFaceObserver( "Open Sans" );
openSans
.check()
.then( function(){
document.documentElement.className += " wf-active";
setCookie( 'wf', 'active' );
} );
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FOUT
html {
font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; }
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html.wf-active {
font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; }
FOUT
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html.wf-active {
font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; }
FOUT
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family=Open+Sans:400,400italic,700,700italic'
rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'>
html.wf-active {
font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; }
if ( 'active' === getCookie( 'wf' ) ) {
document.documentElement.className += " wf-active";
}
FOUT
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Web fonts are an enhancement
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Locally hosted fonts
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Locally hosted, HTTP/2 fonts
HTML
Font
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HTTP/2 presents an opportunity
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…to break the web, again
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Yutaka Tsutano (CC) - flic.kr/p/dq5sCy
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Breaking things
/* ------ TABLET ------ */
@media only screen and
( min-width : 768px ) and
( max-width : 1024px ) {
}
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Mike Deerkoski (CC) - flic.kr/p/bWmqBT
It’s the same size but smaller
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⭐⭐⭐⭐"
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Everything you know about
performance is now wrong and
former best practices are now an
anti-pattern and considered
harmful.
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Everything you know about
performance is now
twice as complicated.
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Thank you.
Peter Wilson • peterwilson.cc • @pwcc