From pets to cattle, the way of Kubernetes

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From pets to cattle The way of Kubernetes

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@agonzalezro

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1. Why the title? 2. Containers 3. Kubernetes concepts 4. Kubernetes architecture 5. Questions

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ContainerS

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chroot Jails 1982 2000 2001 2006 2008 2009 2013 2014 Linux VServer Generic Process Containers cgroups LXC Kernel namespaces Mesos Docker Kubernetes Rocket

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“Former” architecture Infrastructure Host Operating System Hypervisor Guest OS Guest OS Guest OS Bin/Libs Bin/Libs Bin/Libs App #1 App #2 App #3

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Docker architecture Infrastructure Host Operating System Hypervisor Guest OS Guest OS Guest OS Bin/Libs Bin/Libs Bin/Libs App #1 App #2 App #3 Docker engine

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Dockerfile FROM ubuntu:16.04 MAINTAINER Docker RUN apt-key adv --keyserver ... RUN echo "deb http://repo.mongodb.org/... RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y mongodb-org RUN mkdir -p /data/db EXPOSE 27017 ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/bin/mongod"]

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ExamplE

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NGINX MySQL Ghost

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NGINX MySQL Ghost Containers

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NGINX MySQL Ghost Containers Registry

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Nodes

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Nodes NGINX MySQL Ghost

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Nodes NGINX MySQL Ghost NGINX MySQL Ghost

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OrchestratioN

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OrchestratioN with Kubernetes

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–k8s documentation “Kubernetes is an open-source system for automating deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications.”

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Orchestration • Schedule containers in physicals machines • Control lifecycle of those containers • Private network & load balancing • Horizontal scaling • Rollouts & rollbacks • Extras: service discovery, storage, secrets…

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NGINX MySQL Ghost Pods

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NGINX MySQL Ghost Pods Secret

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++ • Volumes (persistent and not)! • ConfigMaps • LivenessProbe and ReadinessProbe

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NGINX MySQL Ghost • layer=web • env=production • v=v1_final_this_works_final2 • layer=db • backend=mysql Labels

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NGINX MySQL Ghost Replica Sets

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NGINX MySQL Ghost NGINX Ghost Replica Sets

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Replica Set++ • Autoscalable!  (based on Heapster)

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NGINX MySQL Ghost NGINX Ghost Deployment

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NGINX Ghost NGINX Ghost Service

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NGINX NGINX Service Ingress Service Service

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Deployments

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Namespaces

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Special pets/cases • DaemonSet • PetSet

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Kubernetes master Node #1 Node #1 Kubernetes master Node #1 Container engine Container #1 Container #2 … Kube proxy Kubelet etcd

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YAMLs apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1 kind: Deployment metadata: name: ghost labels: k8s-app: "ghost" spec: replicas: 1 template: metadata: labels: k8s-app: "ghost" spec: containers: - name: “nginx” ...