How Microservices are linked at Cookpad

by adorechic

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)PX.JDSPTFSWJDFTBSF MJOLFEBU$PPLQBE ΫοΫύουגࣜձࣾ ٕज़෦։ൃج൫( ٢઒ਸྙ

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ࠓճ࿩͞ͳ͍͜ͱ w.JDSPTFSJWDFTͱ͸ʙ w.BSUJO'PXMFS͕ʙ wಋೖ͢΂͖͔൱͔ʙ w.JDSPTFSWJDFTͷηΦϦʔ ֶͼ͍ͨํ͸

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ࠓճ࿩͢͜ͱ w ΫοΫύουͰͷࣄྫ ‣ ͦ΋ͦ΋Ͳ͏͍͏ཻ౓Ͱ෼͔Ε͍ͯΔʁ ‣ αʔϏεؒ͸ͲͷΑ͏ʹ௨৴͢Δʁ ‣ αʔϏεؒͷςετͬͯͲ͏΍ͬͯΔʁ ‣ ߏ੒؅ཧʗσϓϩΠ͸ʁԾ૝Խͯ͠Δʁ ‣ ϏϧυύΠϓϥΠϯ͸ʁόονδϣϒ͸ʁ ‣ νʔϜؒͷ࿈ܞ΍ҙࢥܾఆ͸Ͳ͏ͯ͠Δʁ

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ͲΜͳαʔϏε͔Β ߏ੒͞Ε͍ͯΔ͔

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αʔϏεͷओͳ෼ྨ wϢʔβʔαʔϏε ‣ Ϣʔβʔ͕௚઀࢖͏ϓϩμΫτ wϏϡʔαʔϏε ‣ ͋ΔαʔϏεͷผϏϡʔ ‣ ͍ΘΏΔ#BDLFOEGPSGSPOUFOET wڞ௨ج൫ ‣ ܾࡁɺ௨஌ɺϩάFUDʜ

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ϢʔβʔαʔϏε

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ϢʔβʔαʔϏε wϓϩμΫτʹϑΥʔΧεͨ͠λΠϓ ྉཧڭࣨ Ϩγϐ Ϣʔβʔ ΧϑΣ ܾࡁ ௨஌ ಠཱͨ͠αʔϏε Α͋͘Δػೳ͸ ڞ௨ج൫Λ׆༻ ଞͷυϝΠϯͷϞσϧΛར༻Ͱ͖Δ

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ϏϡʔαʔϏε wυϝΠϯϞσϧ͸ಉ͡ͰผͷϏϡʔ OEM൛ Ϩγϐ Ϩγϐ Ϣʔβʔ ௨஌ ࠜຊతʹఏڙ͢Δ΋ͷ͸ಉ͡ UI΍ΞΧ΢ϯτମܥ͕ҧ͏ ඞཁʹԠͯ͡ଞαʔϏε Λ૊Έ߹ΘͤΔ ΦϦδφϧͷυϝΠϯ

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ϏϡʔαʔϏε w#'' #BDLFOEGPSGSPOUFOET ʹ͍ۙ ‣ Α͋͘ΔσόΠε͝ͱʹઐ༻ϏϡʔΛ࡞Δ έʔε͸΄΅ͳ͍ ‣ 0&.൛ͷΑ͏ͳέʔεͰ࢖ΘΕ͍ͯΔ ఏڙ͢ΔυϝΠϯϞσϧ͸ಉ͡ 㾎ҟͳΔ6*Ͱఏڙ͢Δ 㾎ΞΧ΢ϯτମܥ͕ҧ͏

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ڞ௨ج൫αʔϏε wڞ௨ͯ͠࢖ΘΕΔج൫ػೳ w 0"VUIϓϩόΠμ w ܾࡁ w 1VTI௨஌ʗϝʔϧ഑৴ w ΞΫςΟϏςΟ w ϩά w ηΩϡΞσʔλ

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αʔϏεؒ͸ͲͷΑ͏ʹ ௨৴͢Δͷ͔

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3&45GVM)ZQFSNFEJB"1* wύϑΥʔϚϯεΑΓॊೈੑʗૄ݁߹Λॏࢹ ‣ Ϟσϧ͕ඇৗʹଟؔ͘࿈͕ෳࡶ ‣ ಛఆͷ௒ߴෛՙϞσϧ͕͋ΔΘ͚Ͱ͸ͳ͍ { "id": 123, "name": "ύυඒ", "kitchen": { "id": 15, "created": "2016-03-10T10:59:24+09:00", } }, "_links": { "self": { "href": "/v1/users/123" }, "recipes": { "href": "/v1/users/123/recipes" }, } }

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(BSBHF w HJUIVCDPNDPPLQBEHBSBHF w 3&45GVMIZQFSNFEJB"1*GPS3BJMT class Employee < ActiveRecord::Base include Garage::Representer belongs_to :division has_many :projects property :id property :title property :division, selectable: true collection :projects, selectable: true link(:division) { division_path(division) } link(:projects) { employee_projects_path(self) } def self.build_permissions(perms, other, target) perms.permits! :read end end

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(BSBHF$MJFOU w HJUIVCDPNDPPLQBEHBSBHF@DMJFOU w YYYDMJFOU͕ແݶ૿৩͠ͳ͍ w ͲͷαʔϏεΛར༻͢Δͱ͖΋ಉ͡ΠϯλʔϑΣΠε w αʔϏε͝ͱʹҟͳΔͱֶशίετ͕ߴ͍ # GET https://garage.example.com/v1/me user = client.get("/me") user.id user.name # GET https://garage.example.com/v1/recipes recipes = client.get("/recipes") recipes.total_count recipes[0].id recipes[0].name

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αʔϏεؒ௨৴ͷ ίετܰݮʗ଱ো֐ੑ

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&YQFEJUPS wHJUIVCDPNDPPLQBEFYQFEJUPS w3VCZ൛ͷ/FUqJY)ZTUSJY w"TZODISPOPVTFYFDVUJPO wෳ਺ͷαʔϏε͔ΒͷϦιʔεΛฒߦͯ͠औಘ w'BVMUUPMFSBODF w$JSDVJUCSFBLFS

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αʔϏεؒ࿈ܞͷςετ

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ޓ׵ੑΛͲ͏୲อ͢Δ͔ w αʔϏε͝ͱͷςετ͸͞Ε͍ͯΔ w ࿈ܞઌ͸ελϒ͢Δ w ඇޓ׵ͷมߋʹؾ෇͚ͳ͍ w ܕPSςετ w +40/4DIFNB͸؅ཧ͕େมͦ͏ w ΋ͱ΋ͱςετจԽ͸ࠜ෇͍͍ͯͨͷͰ্ख͘ ׆༻͍ͨ͠

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$POTVNFS%SJWFO$POUSBDUUFTUJOH wར༻ଆ $POTVNFS ͕"1*Λελϒͯ͠ςετ ‣ ظ଴͢ΔৼΔ෣͍Λܖ໿ $POUSBDU ͱͯ͠ "1*ଆʹ౉͢ w"1*ଆ͸ࣗ਎͕$POUSBDUΛຬ͍ͨͯ͠Δ͔Ͳ͏ ͔ݕূʢςετʣ͢Δ http://martinfowler.com/articles/consumerDrivenContracts.html

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1BDU w HJUIVCDPNSFBMFTUBUFDPNBVQBDU w ΫϥΠΞϯτଆ w $*ͰQBDUϑΝΠϧΛੜ੒ w "1*ଆ w $*ͰQBDUϑΝΠϧΛWFSJGZ ग़య: https://github.com/realestate-com-au/pact#how-does-it-work

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1BDU w ΫϥΠΞϯτଆ describe 'get_all' do let(:recipe_a) { { id: Pact.like(1), name: Pact.like('Curry') } } let(:recipe_b) { { id: Pact.like(2), name: Pact.like('Salada') } } before do provider_app.given('there are 2 recipes'). upon_receiving('a request for recipes'). with(method: :get, path: '/v1/recipes'). will_respond_with( status: 200, headers: { 'Content-Type' => Pact.term( generate: 'application/json', matcher: %r{application/json} ), }, body: [recipe_a, recipe_b] ) end it 'returns recipes' do recipes = described_class.get_all expect(recipes.size).to eq(2) expect(recipes.first.name).to eq('Curry') end end

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1BDU w QBDUpMFʢҰ෦ʣ { "consumer": { "name": "ConsumerApp" }, "provider": { "name": "ProviderApp" }, "interactions": [ { "description": "a request for recipes", "provider_state": "there are 2 recipes", "request": { "method": "get", "path": "/v1/recipes" }, "response": { "status": 200, "headers": { "Content-Type": { "json_class": "Pact::Term", "data": { "generate": "application/json", "matcher": { "json_class": "Regexp", "o": 0, "s": "application/json" } }

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1BDU w "1*ଆ w ඞཁͳલॲཧ͚ͩ༻ҙ͢Δ Pact.provider_states_for 'ConsumerApp' do provider_state "there are 2 recipes" do set_up do %w[Curry Salada].each {|name| Recipe.create!(name: name) } end end end

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3BDL7$3 w HJUIVCDPNNJZBHBXBSBDLWDS w 7$3͕ϕʔεͰखܰ w "1*ϦΫΤετΛΧηοτσʔλԽͯ͠ελϒ w "1*ଆ͕ΧηοτσʔλΛΫϥΠΞϯτʹఏڙ͢Δ w ඇޓ׵ͷมߋ͕͋Ε͹ΫϥΠΞϯτଆͷ$*Ͱݕ஌ w "1*ଆͷϏϧυͷํ͕ߴස౓ͷ৔߹ɺΫϥΠΞϯτଆͷ ݕ஌લʹϦϦʔε͞Ε͏Δ w ݱࡏ͸1BDUʹҠߦͨ͠

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αʔϏεΛ·͍ͨͩ ΤϥʔΛ௥੻͢Δ

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4FOUSZ w HJUIVCDPNHFUTFOUSZTFOUSZ w αʔϏε͝ͱͷΤϥʔΛू໿؅ཧ͍ͯ͠Δ w ͜Ε͚ͩͩͱαʔϏεؒͷඥ෇͚͕Ͱ͖ͳ͍ w αʔϏε"ˠ#΁ͷϦΫΤετ࣌ʹΤϥʔ w Τϥʔ͸"ͱ#ͦΕͧΕͰه࿥͞ΕΔ w ͜ͷো֐ʹΑΔΤϥʔͷൣғ͸ʁ

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5SBDF-PHHJOH w ϦΫΤετ*% w ϔομʹ͋Ε͹ͦͷ··࢖͍ɺͳ͚Ε͹࠾൪ w (BSBHF$MJFOU͕ϦΫΤετ࣌ʹηοτ w ϦΫΤετઌʹ఻೻ w 4FOUSZ w ϦΫΤετ*%ͰΤϥʔΛݕࡧ

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αʔόʔʗ࣮ߦ؀ڥʗߏ੒؅ཧ

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%PDLFS w ϙʔλϒϧͳ࣮ߦ؀ڥ w TUBHJOHQSPEVDUJPOόονಉ͡Πϝʔδ w ؀ڥґଘ஋͸؀ڥม਺ͱͯ͠஫ೖ w ຊମͷڊେ3BJMTͳͲҰ෦Λআ͖ɺ΄ͱΜͲͷΞϓϦέʔ γϣϯ͕%PDLFS w ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷϦϙδτϦʹ%PDLFSpMF w ։ൃऀ͕खݩͰ࿔ΕΔΑ͏ʹ w ϖωτϨςετ؀ڥͳͲඞཁʹԠ͙ͯ͢͡࡞ΕΔ

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ϏϧυύΠϓϥΠϯ w$*ͰΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷςετ w%PDLFSΠϝʔδ࡞੒ wBTTFUQSFDPNQJMFࡁΈͷΠϝʔδ wTUBHJOHʹࣗಈσϓϩΠ wQSPEVDUJPO͸DIBUPQTͰσϓϩΠ

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)BLP w HJUIVCDPNFBHMFUNUIBLP w %PDLFSΞϓϦ༻ͷσϓϩΠπʔϧ w ΫοΫύουͰ͸όοΫΤϯυʹ&$4Λར༻ w ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ͝ͱͷઃఆ͸:".-Ͱ؅ཧ w ؀ڥ͝ͱʹ؀ڥม਺ΛઃఆͰ͖Δ w ൿಗ஋͸FUDFOWFUDWBVMUͰ؅ཧ

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FUDFOWFUDWBVMU w HJUIVCDPNTPSBIFUDFOW w FUDEͰઃఆ஋Λ؅ཧ w HJUIVCDPNTPSBIFUDWBVMU w FUDEͷ஋Λ҉߸Խ w ΋ͱ΋ͱFUDEʹ"$-͕ແ͔ͬͨͨΊ࡞ΒΕͨ w ࢦఆͷ伴Λ͍࣋ͬͯΔΠϯελϯεͰ͔͠෮߸ Ͱ͖ͳ͍

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FUDXFC w HJUIVCDPNTPSBIFUDXFC

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DIBUPQT w )VCPUͰσϒϩΠ w σϓϩΠδϣϒ͸3VOEFDLͰ؅ཧ w σϓϩΠํ๏͕౷Ұ͞Ε͍ͯΔ w νϟοτݟͯΔͱΘ͔Δ

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όονδϣϒ

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,VSPLP wશαʔϏεͷδϣϒΛҰׅ؅ཧ ‣ ϫʔΫϑϩʔ؅ཧ ผαʔϏεͷδϣϒΛϑοΫ͢Δ ‣ 8FCίϯιʔϧͰΤϥʔ֬ೝɾ࠶࣮ߦ

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,VSPLP wαʔϏεͷ࠷৽ͷ%PDLFSΠϝʔδΛ࣮ߦ ‣ αʔϏε͝ͱͷϫʔΧʔ؀ڥෆཁ ‣ Ҏલ͸֤ΞϓϦͰLVSPLPઐ༻ͷߏ੒؅ཧΛ ༻ҙ͍ͯͨ͠ ‣ ֤αʔϏεͷΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ͕ͦͷ··ಈ ͘

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νʔϜ͝ͱͷαϙʔτ νʔϜΛԣஅͨ͠ҙࢥܾఆ

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ٕज़ྖҬ՝୊ڞ༗ձ w֤νʔϜͷٕज़Ϧʔμʔͱٕज़ج൫ʴΠϯϑϥ Ͱٕज़తͳ՝୊ʹ͍ͭͯ࿩͠߹͏ w։ൃ͢Δͱ͖ʹࠔ͍ͬͯΔ͜ͱ w͋ͬͨΒخ͍͠΋ͷɺ΋͏ཁΒͳ͍΋ͷ wΈΜͳ͕ࠔ͍ͬͯΔʗඞཁͱ͍ͯ͠Δͷ͔ɺ ͦͷνʔϜ͚ͩͳͷ͔

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ٕज़ج൫୲౰ w ֤νʔϜͷٕज़తͳࠩ w ٕज़ج൫ʹ·Θ͢༨ྗ͕͋Δʗͳ͍ w ج൫ܥͷܦݧ͕͋Δϝϯόʔ͕͍Δʗ͍ͳ͍ w ֤νʔϜʹઐ೚ͷٕज़ج൫୲౰ w ௨ৗͷґཔͱ͸ผʹΧδϡΞϧʹ૬ஊͰ͖Δ w ͕ͬͭΓೖͬͯվળ͢Δ͜ͱ΋

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·ͱΊ w αʔϏεߏ੒ ‣ ϓϩμΫτϑΥʔΧεʗ#''ʗڞ௨ج൫ w αʔϏεؒͷ࿈ܞ ‣ 3&45GVM)ZQFSNFEJB"1*(BSBHF ‣ $%$UFTUJOH1BDU w%PDLFSΛத৺ͱͨ͠؀ڥ ‣ )BLP &$4 FUDFOWFUDWBVMU ,VSPLP wνʔϜ࿈ܞʗαϙʔτ ‣ ٕज़ྖҬ՝୊ڞ༗ձɺٕज़ج൫୲౰