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Android Testing

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About me • Nguyen Truong Giang • Senior Android Engineer / Android Leader @ tiki.vn • Skype: gianguitpp • Email: [email protected] • https://github.com/talenguyen

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Content • Why test? • Types of tests • When to use? • Practice

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Why test?

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• Automation of manual work • Write testable code make a highly modular code

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Types of tests

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Test Pyramid https://martinfowler.com/bliki/TestPyramid.html

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JVM

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JVM Device

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JVM Device JVM Unit Test
 (Fastest - Pure Logic)

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JVM Device Instrumentation Unit Test
 (Logic with Context) JVM Unit Test
 (Fastest - Pure Logic) /test /androidTest

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JVM Device Instrumentation Unit Test
 (Logic with Context) Instrumentation UI Test JVM Unit Test
 (Fastest - Pure Logic) Non-UI UI /test /androidTest

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Unit test • Verify simple logic • Functions, methods or entire class • Independent

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class ValidatorKtTest { @Test fun emailAddress() { assertThat(isEmailAddress("[email protected]")).isTrue() } @Test fun notEmailAddress() { assertThat(isEmailAddress("foo@tiki")).isFalse() } }

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Integration test • Verify how units interact with each other • Has dependencies • Mock & verify

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@Test fun `login success then save token to LocalStorage`() { // Setup val mockedApiServices = mock() val mockedLocalStorage = mock() val tested = UserRepository(InstantAppExecutors(), mockedApiServices, mockedLocalStorage) // given val token = "token" `when`(mockedApiServices.login(anyString(), anyString())) .thenReturn(just(ApiResponse.create(Response.success(token)))) // when tested.login("[email protected]", "bar") .observeForever(mock()) // then verify(mockedLocalStorage).setAccessToken(token) }

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UI (end to end) test • Verify whole system work • User interacts with UI components

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@Test fun invalidEmail() { // Input invalid email onView(withId(R.id.etUsername)) .perform(replaceText("giang"), closeSoftKeyboard()) // Verify invalid email message is shown onView(withId(R.id.tilUsername)) .check(matches(hasError(R.string.email_is_invalid))) // Verify submit button is disable onView(withId(R.id.btSubmit)) .check(matches(Matchers.not(isEnabled()))) }

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When to use?

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• Unit test for simple logic • Integration test to verify business logic • UI test for the rest

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Practice

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• https://github.com/tikivn/AndroidTesting • Unit test: Validator • Integration test: UseRepository • get “access-token” from LocalStorage • login success then save “access-token” to LocalStorage

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• UI test: LoginFragment • test invalid email • test valid email • test login error

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Thank you

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We’re hiring • Send CV to [email protected] or [email protected] • https://tuyendung.tiki.vn

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References • https://developer.android.com/training/testing/ • https://www.linkedin.com/learning/effective-android- testing-for-mobile-developers • https://martinfowler.com/articles/practical-test- pyramid.html • https://academy.realm.io/posts/kau-jake-wharton-testing- robots/