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Future CSS in
Web Components
#CSSConf, 09/13
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Peter Gasston
@stopsatgreen
broken-links.com
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Creative Technologist
/Front-end Lead
rehabstudio.com
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1. Subject to change
2. There will be code
Before we start
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Web Components
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The Secret of
Ultimate Power!
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{demo}
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What The
Fridge?
(me not being a jerk)
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No content
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Shadow DOM
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Rendered but
invisible
in the DOM.
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No content
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Make your own
Shadow DOM
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Shadow
Host
DOM
Root
Cat
Wars
Etc
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Shadow root
var newRoot = $(foo).createShadowRoot(),
newEl = '
Shadow world!
'; newRoot.innerHTML = newEl;Slide 16
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Shadow root
Hello world!
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Shadow root
Hello world!
Shadow world!
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Shadow DOM
Real
DOM
Shadow
DOM
Shadow
Host
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Ultimate Power!
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A problem
Shadow
DOM
CSS HTML
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The problem
…
div.foo {
color: #f00;
}
…
.foo {
color: #00f;
}
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The Solution
Encapsulation
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Encapsulation
1. It has all it needs.
2. Nothing gets in,
nothing gets out.
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Encapsulation in HTML
●
Extra network requests
●
Multiple rendering contexts
●
CORS conflicts
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Web Components
Better encapsulation
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Web Components:
a set of emerging
standards aimed
at making
reusable widgets.
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Web Components:
the biggest
change to web
dev since
XMLHttpRequest.
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Shadow DOM
Templates
Custom elements
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Shadow DOM
Templates
Custom elements
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Shadow DOM
Templates
Custom elements
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Mustache & Handlebars
<h2>Hello world!</h2>
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The template element
Hello world!
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The markup
is inert.
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The template element
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The template element
Hello world!
ContentSlide 36
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The content object
var clone = $(foo).content.cloneNode(true),
bar = document.getElementById('bar');
bar.appendChild(clone);
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Templates
CSSConf.eu
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Templates
CSSConf.eu
Hello world!
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The markup
is active.
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Templates
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Templates
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Templates
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Shadow DOM
Templates
Custom elements
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Custom Elements
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Custom Elements
var wbar = document.register('wunder-bar');
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Custom Elements
…
+ shadow DOM
+ templates
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Fully
encapsulated
& reusable
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CSS
(at last)
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Hello
Scope
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Hello
p { color: #f00; }
World!
Again
Scoped stylesSlide 51
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Hello
p { color: #f00; }
World!
Again
Scoped stylesSlide 52
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css = 'p { color: #f00; }';
newRoot.appendChild(css);
Shadow scope
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The shadow boundary
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The shadow boundary
CSS
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The shadow boundary
CSS
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.applyAuthorStyles
newRoot = foo.createShadowRoot();
newRoot.applyAuthorStyles = true;
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The shadow boundary
CSS
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The shadow boundary
CSS
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Pseudo-elements
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Pseudo-elements
::-webkit-progress-bar
::-webkit-progress-value
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The part attribute
var newRoot = el.createShadowRoot(),
newEl = '
…
'; newRoot.appendChild(newEl);Slide 62
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The part attribute
#document-fragment
.foo::part(apes) { color: red; }
Shadow world!
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Custom
Properties
(variables)
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body {
var-highlight: #f00;
}
Custom properties
h1 { color: var(highlight); }
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body {
var-highlight: #f00;
}
Custom properties
.foo {
var-highlight: #00f;
}
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Custom properties
#document-fragment
h1 { color: var(highlight); }
body {
var-highlight: #f00;
}
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The Future?
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Decorators
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Hello world!
The decorator elementSlide 70
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Decorators
CSSConf.eu
h1 { decorator: url(#foo); }Slide 71
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Decorators
h1 { decorator: url(#foo); }
CSSconf.eu
Hello world!
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Browser support
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plus.google.com/+EricBidelman
updates.html5rocks.com/tag/webcomponents
Useful links
polymer-project.org
mozilla.github.io/brick
customelements.io
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1. Web components
provide reusability
and encapsulation
2. Scope is coming
to CSS
In conclusion