SwiftUIʹ࠷దͷ ΞʔΩςΫνϟ Mike Apurin

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SwiftUIʹ࠷దͷ ΞʔΩςΫνϟͱ͸ Կ͔ʁ

MVVM? – MV? – TCA? – MVC? – MVP? – VIPER? –

ͦͷલʹ

ۜͷ஄ؙ͸ͳ͍

ΞʔΩςΫνϟ͸Ҋ ݅ͷχʔζΛߟྀ͢ ΂͖

SwiftUIҎ֎ʹUIKit͸࢖ΘΕ͍ͯΔ͔ʁ – ΞʔΩςΫνϟ͕ղܾ͍ͯ͠Δ՝୊͸χʔζ ʹϚον͍ͯ͠Δ͔ – νʔϜϝϯόʔ͸͜ͷΞʔΩςΫνϟʹ׳Ε ͍ͯΔ͔ – etc –

ཧ૝ͱݱ࣮͸ဃ཭͠ ͍ͯΔ

UIKitͱSwiftUIͷޓ ׵ੑ

UIKitͱSwiftUIͷޓ׵ ੑ UINavigationController ͰUIHostingControllerΛ push͢ΔΞχϝʔγϣϯ͕όά Δ let vc = UIHostingController(rootView: SwiftUIScreen()) navigationController.show(vc, sender: nil)

SwiftUIͷதͰNavigationLinkΛ౿Ήͱൃੜ ͠ͳ͍ – Ҋ݅ͷ౎߹্ɺUINavigationControllerΛ ࢖͏͔͠ͳ͍ – ͨͩͦ͏͢Δͱɺ৽ΊͷNavigationStack͸ UINavigationControllerͱޓ׵ੑ͕ͳ͍͔ Β NavigationLink(value:) ͸࢖͑ͳ͍ –

ࠓߋݹ͍ NavigationLink(destination:) ͸࢖͍ ͨ͘ͳ͍ͷͰࣗલͰ NavigationLink(value:) Λ NavigationStack͕ͳͯ͘΋࢖͑ΔΑ͏ʹόοΫ ϙʔτ͍ͯ͠·͢ github.com/auramagi/Destinations

SwiftPMͷػೳ

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Development AssetsΛѻ͏ػೳ͕ͳ͍ DebugϏϧυ΍ϓϨϏϡʔʹ࢖͏ը૾΍ ϑΝΠϧ ReleaseϏϧυ͔Βࣗಈతʹഉআ͞ΕΔ

͍͔ͭ͘ϫʔΫΞϥ΢ϯυΛࢼ͍ͯ͠Δ Package.swiftͰ੾Γସ͑͢Δʢඇਪ঑ʣ – XcodeͷLaunch argumentͰPackage.swiftΛ੾Γସ͑Δ – ϏϧυϓϥάΠϯ – github.com/auramagi/ManageDevelopmentAssetsPlugin – खಈͰϑΥϧμΛೖΕସ͑Δ – github.com/auramagi/swiftui-first-sample –

ࢲ͕ٻΊ͍ͯΔ SwiftUIʹ࠷దͷ ΞʔΩςΫνϟ

ཁ݅ SwiftUI First – Xcode Previews͕ਏ͘ͳ͍ – Ϛϧν΢Πϯυ΢ + Ϛϧνεςʔτ͕Մೳ – UIKit, App Intents΋ߟ͑ΒΕ͍ͯΔ – ֎෦ϥΠϒϥϦͷґଘ͕ೱ͘ͳ͍ –

SwiftUI First SwiftUIͷঢ়ଶ؅ཧ͕࢖͑Δ – SwiftUIͷϥΠϑαΠΫϧͰ੒Γཱͬͯ ͍Δ – SwiftUIͰѻ͍΍͍͢ –

Previews͕ਏ͘ͳ͍ DI͕ͪΌΜͱ͍ͯ͠Δ – UIϨΠϠʔʹ͸ॏ͍ґଘΛஔ͔ͳ͍ – ϞοΫ͠΍͍͢ –

Ϛϧν΢Πϯυ΢Մೳ ෳ਺΢Πϯυ΢ͰͦΕͧΕϩάΠϯঢ়ଶ ͕ҧ͏ͷ͸ઃܭՄೳʁ –

UIKit, App Intents DI஫ೖͷ࢓ํ͸Ͳ͏ͳΔʁ – ઃܭͷॊೈੑ͕ඞཁ –

֎෦ϥΠϒϥϦͷґଘ ֎෦ϥΠϒϥϦΛத৺ʹΞϓϦΛઃܭͨ͠Β͍͍͔͕ ৻ॏʹݕ౼͠·͠ΐ͏ – ։ൃࢭ·ͬͯόά͕ग़ͨΒͲ͏͢Δʁ – ണ͕͢ͱ͖ʹͲΕ͚ͩେมʁ – Apple͕৽͍͠APIΛग़ͨ͠Β࠾༻ʹ๦֐͠ͳ͍͔ʁ –

github.com/auramagi/ swiftui-first-sample

Naive MV struct ContentView: View { let api: APIClient @State var products: [Product] = [] var body: some View { ForEach(products) { product in Button("Buy \(product.name)") { Task { await api.execute( BuyProductsRequest(product) ) } } } .task { products = await api.execute( GetProductsRequest() ) } } }

Naive MV ີ݁߹ – ϓϨϏϡʔແཧ – Ϗϡʔ΋ϩδοΫ΋࠶࢖༻ੑ͕௿͍ – ґଘ஫ೖ͕ߟ͑ΒΕ͍ͯͳ͍ –

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DI஫ೖ struct AppActions { struct Products { var buy: (Product) async -> Void var refresh: () async -> Void } } ActionsΛ੾Γ෼͚Δ –

DI஫ೖ struct AppState { final class Products: ObservableObject { @Published var products: [Product] = [] } } StateΛ੾Γ෼͚Δ –

struct ContentView: View { @ObservedObject var state: AppState.Products let actions: AppActions.Products var body: some View { ForEach(state.products) { product in Button("Buy \(product.name)") { Task { await actions.buy(product) } } } .task { await actions.refresh() } } }

ΠχγϟϥΠβͰActionsͱState͸஫ೖՄೳʹͨ͠ ͕ɺத਎ͷ࣮૷͸มΘΔͷ͕كͳͷͰຖճຖճࢦఆ͢Δ ͷ͸໘౗ EnvironmentͰґଘΛ఻ୡͤ͞Δ – State͸ @EnvironmentObject Ͱ – Actions͸ @Environment Ͱ –

StateͱActionsΛଋͶͯ Dependency ͱͯ͠ఆٛ struct AppState { final class Products: ObservableObject { ... } var products = Products() } struct AppActions { struct Products { ... } var products: Products } extension EnvrionmentValues { var appActions: AppActions { ... } } struct AppDependency { var state: AppState var actions: AppActions }

Dependency Λอ࣋͢ΔίϯςφΛ ఆٛ protocol AppContainer { var app: AppDependency { get set } } MockAppContainer ͱ LiveAppContainer Λ ४උ

struct ContentView: View { @EnvironmentObject var state: AppState.Products @Environment(\.appActions.products) let actions var body: some View { ForEach(state.products) { product in Button("Buy \(product.name)") { Task { await actions.buy(product) } } } .task { await actions.refresh() } } }

஫ೖΛ͠΍͘͢͢Δ public protocol ViewInjectable { typealias Content = ViewDependencyModifier.Content associatedtype InjectedBody: View func inject(content: Content) -> InjectedBody } public struct ViewDependencyModifier: ViewModifier { let dependency: D public func body(content: Content) -> some View { dependency.inject(content: content) } } extension View { public func dependency(_ dependency: some ViewInjectable) -> some View { modifier(ViewDependencyModifier(dependency: dependency)) } }

Service Λ࣮૷ final class ProductsService { let api: APIClient let state: AppState.Products func buy(product: Product) async { await api.execute( BuyProductsRequest(product) ) } func refresh() async { products = await api.execute( GetProductsRequest() ) } }

LiveAppContainer Ͱ઀ଓ final class LiveAppContainer: AppContainer { struct Configuration { ... } var app: AppDependency private let api: APIClient private let productsService: ProductsService init(configuration: Configuration) { self.app = .init() self.api = ... self.productsService = .init( api: api, state: app.state.products ) app.actions.products.buy = productsService.buy(product:) app.actions.products.refresh = productsService.refresh } }

Previews #Preview { ContentView() .mockContainer(.app) } #Preview { WithMockContainer(.app) { container in MainFlow(container: container) } } ( .mockContainer ͱ WithMockContainer ͷ࣮૷͸ׂѪ)

ίϯςφ͸FlowͰ౉͢ struct MainFlow: View { let container: Container var body: some View { ContentView() .dependency(container) } }

View – ͨͩͷUI෦඼ – Screen – ը໘શମΛදࣔ͢ΔUI෦඼ – Screen ಉ࢜Λ࡞੒͠ͳ͍ – Flow – DependencyContainer Λอ࣋ͯ͠஫ೖ͢Δ – Screen Λ࡞੒͢Δ – ભҠ –

AppͰίϯςφΛੜ੒ @main struct SampleApp: App { @State var container = LiveAppContainer( configuration: ... ) var body: some Scene { WindowGroup { MainFlow(container: container) .dependency(container) } } }

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