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@mheap at #phptour
A beginners guide
to deployments
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@mheap
Let’s talk deployment
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@mheap
Your deploys should be as boring,
straightforward, and stress-free as
possible.
- Zach Holman
(https://zachholman.com/posts/deploying-software)
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@mheap
Deployment for beginners
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1. What is a deployment?
2. Option A: External tools
3. Option B: Internal tools
4. Option C: System packages
5. Option D: Blue / Green deployments
6. Option E: Immutable infrastructure
7. Deployment techniques
8. Summary
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What is a deployment?
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Code
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Dependencies
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Configuration
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Database Migrations
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Other Migrations
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Assets
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Post Install Tasks
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We’re aiming for…
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@mheap
Your deploys should be as boring,
straightforward, and stress-free as
possible.
- Zach Holman
(https://zachholman.com/posts/deploying-software)
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@mheap
Our Codebase
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Simple to do list application
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Composer
Silex
Doctrine Migrations
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Time to deploy!
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Option A: External tool
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Useful tools
Beanstalkapp
DeployHQ
Laravel Forge
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1. Easy setup
2. One-click deployments
3. Environment support
4. Can only deploy from repo
1. Files copied one by one
2. Composer run on server
3. No build steps
4. Their way, or the highway
5. Can’t deploy if provider is
offline
Pros Cons
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Option B: Internal tool
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$ gem install capistrano
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$ cap install
=> mkdir -p config/deploy
=> create config/deploy.rb
=> create config/deploy/staging.rb
=> create config/deploy/production.rb
=> mkdir -p lib/capistrano/tasks
=> create Capfile
=> Capified
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$ cat config/deploy.rb
lock '3.6.1'
set :application, 'silex_todo'
set :repo_url, '[email protected]:mheap/fake-todo-app.git'
set :deploy_to, '/var/www/todo'
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$ cat config/deploy/production.rb
server 'todo.example.com', user: 'deploy', roles: %w{app db}
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$ cap production deploy
00:00 git:wrapper
01 mkdir -p /tmp
02 chmod 700 /tmp/git-ssh-silex_todo-production-michael.sh
00:07 git:check
01 git ls-remote --heads [email protected]:mheap/silex-todo-demo.git
00:08 deploy:check:directories
01 mkdir -p /var/www/todo/shared /var/www/todo/releases
00:08 git:clone
01 git clone --mirror [email protected]:mheap/silex-todo-demo.git /var/www/todo/repo
01 Cloning into bare repository '/var/www/todo/repo'...
00:10 git:update
01 git remote update --prune
01 Fetching origin
00:11 git:create_release
01 mkdir -p /var/www/todo/releases/20161106090926
02 git archive master | tar -x -f - -C /var/www/todo/releases/20161106090926
00:12 git:set_current_revision
01 echo "6cc1b6cbc827e205b24d0d599ea7b667a3ec5ca0" >> REVISION
00:12 deploy:symlink:release
01 ln -s /var/www/todo/releases/20161106090926 /var/www/todo/releases/current
02 mv /var/www/todo/releases/current /var/www/todo
00:12 deploy:log_revision
01 echo "Branch master (at 6cc1b6cbc827e205b24d0d599ea7b667a3ec5ca0) deployed as
release 20161106090926 by michael" >> /var/www/todo/revisions.log
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$ cap production deploy
Generate and upload deployment script
Clone repo
Generate archive from repo
Untar archive into releases folder
Symlink current folder to the latest release
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$ gem install capistrano-composer
In Capfile:
require 'capistrano/composer'
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$ cap production deploy
00:18 composer:run
01 composer install --no-dev --prefer-dist --no-interaction --
quiet --optimize-autoloader
✔ 01 [email protected] 1.023s
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lib/capistrano/tasks/database_tasks.rake:
namespace :database do
desc 'migrate database'
task :migrate do
on roles(:db) do
execute "cd #{release_path} && ./vendor/bin/
doctrine-migrations migrations:migrate --db-configuration
config/db-config.php --configuration config/migrations.yml"
end
end
end
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lib/capistrano/tasks/database_tasks.rake:
namespace :database do
desc 'migrate database'
task :migrate do
on roles(:db) do
execute "cd #{release_path} && ./vendor/bin/
doctrine-migrations migrations:migrate --db-configuration
config/db-config.php --configuration config/migrations.yml"
end
end
end
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lib/capistrano/tasks/database_tasks.rake:
namespace :database do
desc 'migrate database'
task :migrate do
on roles(:db) do
execute "cd #{release_path} && ./vendor/bin/
doctrine-migrations migrations:migrate --db-configuration
config/db-config.php --configuration config/migrations.yml"
end
end
end
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lib/capistrano/tasks/database_tasks.rake:
namespace :database do
desc 'migrate database'
task :migrate do
on roles(:db) do
execute "cd #{release_path} && ./vendor/bin/
doctrine-migrations migrations:migrate --db-configuration
config/db-config.php --configuration config/migrations.yml"
end
end
end
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lib/capistrano/tasks/database_tasks.rake:
namespace :database do
desc 'migrate database'
task :migrate do
on roles(:db) do
execute "cd #{release_path} && ./vendor/bin/
doctrine-migrations migrations:migrate --db-configuration
config/db-config.php --configuration config/migrations.yml"
end
end
end
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Capfile:
after "composer:install", "database:migrate"
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$ cap production deploy
00:22 database:migrate
01 cd #{release_path} && ./vendor/bin/doctrine-migrations
migrations:migrate —db-co…
✔ 01 [email protected] 0.812s
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Useful tools
Capistrano
Webistrano
Rocketeer
Ansible
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1. One-click deployments
2. Environment support
3. Can only deploy from repo
4. Internal solution
5. Atomic deploys
6. Rollback support
1. Learning curve
2. Composer run on server
3. No build steps
4. Probably want to use
Bundler to manage versions
Pros Cons
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Option C: System Packages
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$ apt-get install todo
$ yum install todo
$ pacman -S todo
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.
!"" resources
!"" src
# !"" application
# # !"" controller
# # # $"" IndexController.php
# # !"" model
# # # $"" User.php
# # $"" view
# # $"" show-user.php
# !"" composer.json
# !"" composer.lock
# !"" config
# # !"" mappings.json
# # $"" targets.json
# $"" public
# $"" index.php
$"" test
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.
!"" resources
!"" src
# !"" application
# # !"" controller
# # # $"" IndexController.php
# # !"" model
# # # $"" User.php
# # $"" view
# # $"" show-user.php
# !"" composer.json
# !"" composer.lock
# !"" config
# # !"" mappings.json
# # $"" targets.json
# $"" public
# $"" index.php
$"" test
$ fpm -s dir -t rpm -n todo
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.
!"" resources
!"" src
# !"" application
# # !"" controller
# # # $"" IndexController.php
# # !"" model
# # # $"" User.php
# # $"" view
# # $"" show-user.php
# !"" composer.json
# !"" composer.lock
# !"" config
# # !"" mappings.json
# # $"" targets.json
# $"" public
# $"" index.php
$"" test
$ fpm -s dir -t rpm -n todo \
src/=/var/www/todo \
src/config/=/etc/todo
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.
!"" resources
!"" src
# !"" application
# # !"" controller
# # # $"" IndexController.php
# # !"" model
# # # $"" User.php
# # $"" view
# # $"" show-user.php
# !"" composer.json
# !"" composer.lock
# !"" config
# # !"" mappings.json
# # $"" targets.json
# $"" public
# $"" index.php
$"" test
$ fpm -s dir -t rpm --config-files /etc \
-n todo \
src/=/var/www/todo \
src/config/=/etc/todo
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.
!"" resources
!"" src
# !"" application
# # !"" controller
# # # $"" IndexController.php
# # !"" model
# # # $"" User.php
# # $"" view
# # $"" show-user.php
# !"" composer.json
# !"" composer.lock
# !"" config
# # !"" mappings.json
# # $"" targets.json
# $"" public
# $"" index.php
$"" test
$ fpm -s dir -t rpm --config-files /etc \
--exclude "var/www/todo/config*" \
-n todo \
src/=/var/www/todo \
src/config/=/etc/todo
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$ fpm -s dir -t rpm --config-files /etc --exclude
"var/www/todo/config*" -n todo src/=/var/
www/todo src/config/=/etc/todo
=> Created package
{:path=>"todo-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm"}
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Continous Integration
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What is
Continous Integration?
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Use it to
run tests
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Use it to
composer install
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Use it to
build on identical platforms
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Use it to
package your application
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Use it to
AUTOMATE THINGS
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Option C: System Packages
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Almost
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Database migrations
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$ fpm -s dir -t rpm --config-files /etc --exclude
"var/www/todo/config*" -n todo src/=/var/
www/todo src/config/=/etc/todo
=> Created package
{:path=>"todo-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm"}
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$ fpm -s dir -t rpm --config-files /etc --exclude
"var/www/todo/config*" -n todo
--after-install /path/to/script src/=/var/www/
todo src/config/=/etc/todo
=> Created package
{:path=>"todo-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm"}
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Useful tools
FPM
Jenkins
RPM / Deb / Pkg
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Releases are
immutable
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1. Atomic releases
2. Build on system tools
3. Proper build toolchain
4. Signed builds
5. Easy upgrade/rollback
6. Immutable
1. Steep learning curve
2. Need to run package repo
3. Ideal to run CI system
Pros Cons
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Option D: Blue / Green
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Load
Balancer
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Load
Balancer
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Load
Balancer
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Shared databases
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Server maintenance
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Shameless Plug
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Infrastructure level
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Useful tools
Puppet
Chef
Ansible
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1. Low risk deployments
2. Test on production systems
3. Easy changeover
1. Can be expensive
2. Databases are hard
3. More moving parts to
manage
Pros Cons
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Option E: Immutable
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1 0 0
1 0 1
Load
Balancer
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Load
Balancer
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Load
Balancer 1 0 2
1 1 0
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Balancer
1 0 1
1 0 2
1 1 0
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Balancer 1 0 2
1 1 0
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Why immutable?
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Balancer
1 0 0
1 0 1
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1 0 1
Load
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Load
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Load
Balancer
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Useful tools
Puppet / Chef / Ansible
Packer
Cloud providers
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1. Known environment
2. Test 2+ releases at once
3. Easy changeover
4. Truly atomic releases
1. Cost
2. Slow to build
3. Database sync
Pros Cons
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Deployment techniques
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Build (at least) daily
(even better if it’s automated)
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Announce releases
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Staggered Releases
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Canary deploys
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Go / No Go
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Containers
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Summary
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Automate your deployment
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Local builds
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Immutable releases
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Think about deployment
before you write any code
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The three strikes rule
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Make it a single command
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Your deploys should be as boring,
straightforward, and stress-free as
possible.
- Zach Holman
(https://zachholman.com/posts/deploying-software)
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@mheap at #phptour
https://joind.in/
20636
Michael Heap
@mheap
[email protected]