Director, Communication & Outreach AKADEMIYA2063 Adaptation Actions to Climate Change in African Agriculture: Effectiveness And Challenges Dr. Getaw Tadesse Co-authored with Ndeye Yacine Barry

#2024ReSAKSS #2024ATOR Issues covered in this chapter • A conceptual framework that defines the pathway from adaptation to resilience • Review of agricultural adaptation policies and actions • Effectiveness of the adaptation actions in building resilience • Critical challenges for enhancing the adoption and impacts of adaptation actions

#2024ReSAKSS #2024ATOR A pathway from adaptation action to building resilience • The purpose adaptation actions is building resilience • For adaption actions to building resilience, the actions should cause structural adjustments • Behavioral changes • Technological changes • Institutional changes • To bring these changes, adaptation actions have to be complemented with broader actions • Responsive actions • Absorptive actions • Transformative actions

#2024ReSAKSS #2024ATOR Typology of adaptation actions • Many African countries have proposed plenty of adaption actions in their NDCs and NAPs • A systematic assessment observed 827 adaptation actions in 553 studies between 2013 and 2021 • Indicating the need to prioritize and better understand the different options • Towards this end, we categorize the adaption actions in to 6 in terms of co-benefits, impact pathways, and policy concerns

#2024ReSAKSS #2024ATOR The state of agricultural resilience • Measuring resilience has been a challenge • In the 2023 CAADP BR data, 31 African countries reported the level of agricultural households resilient to climate shocks and stress • Based on these data, only 60 percent of African agricultural households are resilient to climate change/ 40% remains vulnerable • Among the 31 countries, 11 reported agricultural resilience levels of 50 percent or less, indicating that over half of their rural households remain vulnerable to climate shocks

#2024ReSAKSS #2024ATOR Agricultural spending and resilience The share of public agricultural expenditure has shown negative association with the level of resilience • The budget may not be targeted for adaptation actions /building resilience

#2024ReSAKSS #2024ATOR SLM ( CSA) and resilience The share of area covered by SLM has shown positive and significant correlation with share of agricultural households resilient to climate shock

#2024ReSAKSS #2024ATOR Irrigation and resilience Irrigation appears to help most countries build resilience, but there are some countries that have • Invested quite significant but not be able to build enough resilience • E.g. Ethiopia, Cameroon, • Not invested enough and remain less resilient • E.g. Madagascar, Zimbabwe

#2024ReSAKSS #2024ATOR Enhancing the effectiveness and impacts of adaptation actions • Improve the allocation and technical efficiency of the actions • Scale up to the level required • Reversing the slow rate of adoption • Effective weather and climate information service • Inclusive adaptation finance • Efficient climate governance • Access to climate knowledge and analytics Strategic actions Operational actions

#2024ReSAKSS #2024ATOR Scaling Climate Smart Agricultural Practices The percentage of arable lands that should be covered by CSA practices to reverse the effect of climate change on agricultural productivity from the baseline

#2024ReSAKSS #2024ATOR Concluding remarks • Sentimental and unwarranted actions cannot solve the problem of climate change : all climate actions should be guided by evidence and knowledge • Despite several strategic commitments for global, continental and national calls, proposed actions are not scaled enough to become effective and build resilience • Long list of actions is not a recipe for success, focusing on priority actions that have

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