ハイパフォーマンスPHPアプリケーション(への道)

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ϋΠύϑΥʔϚϯε  PHPΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ(΁ͷಓ) ߴ໺ ෱ߊ @fortkle - PHP7 Casual Talks #2

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ࣗݾ঺հ • @fortkle • ੜਮͷPHPer • ݩʑLaravelਪ͠ͷݱࡏCakePHPer • ۙگɿ͜͜1िؒɺίʔσΟϯάத͸ͣͬͱ  ɹɹɹᓏࡔ46ͷʮαΠϨϯτϚδϣϦςΟʔʯͷϧʔϓ • Connehito גࣜձࣾͰΤϯδχΞ

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ϝσΟΞ ϢʔβʔࢀՃܕΞϓϦ mamari jp mamari Q ϚϚͷ 3ਓʹ1ਓ ͕ར༻ʂ ࢀরɿGoogle Analytics ݄ؒར༻ऀ 400ສਓ Ҏ্ ʮਓͷੜ׆ʹͳͯ͘͸ͳΒͳ͍ʯαʔϏεΛ૑Δ

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“ύϑΥʔϚϯε”

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ύϑΥʔϚϯε͸Ϗδωεʹ Өڹ͢Δ • Amazon : ϖʔδͷԠ౴଎౓͕0.1ඵݮΔͱച্͕1% ૿Ճͨ͠ • Google : ϖʔδͷԠ౴଎౓͕2%஗͘ͳΔͱɺϢʔ βʔຖͷݕࡧߦಈ͕2%ݮগͨ͠ • Yahoo! : ϖʔδͷԠ౴଎౓Λ0.4ඵ୹ॖ͢Δͱɺτϥ ϑΟοΫ͕9%૿Ճͨ͠ http://radar.oreilly.com/2008/08/radar-theme-web-ops.html http://assets.en.oreilly.com/1/event/29/Keynote%20Presentation%202.pdf http://www.slideshare.net/stoyan/dont-make-me-wait-or-building-highperformance-web-applications#btnNext

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ύϑΥʔϚϯε = Ԡ౴଎౓?

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ύϑΥʔϚϯεͱ͸Կ͔ʁ • ϋΠύϑΥʔϚϯε = ʮظ଴Ҏ্ͷੑೳΛ্ ͍͛ͯΔ͜ͱʯ • ύϑΥʔϚϯε͸ʮԠ౴଎౓ʯ͚ͩͰ͸ͳ͍ • ʮੑೳʯ͸ཁ݅ఆٛ͠ʹ͍͘ • ϏδωεʹӨڹ͢Δͷʹܰࢹ͞Ε͕ͪ

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ੑೳΛ͋ΘΒ͢ʮ඼࣭ಛੑʯ • ʮੑೳʯ͸ཁ݅ఆٛ͠ʹ͍͘ • ιϑτ΢ΣΞςετͷੈքʹʮ඼࣭ಛੑʯͱ͍͏ج४͕͋Δ • ػೳੑɺ৴པੑɺޮ཰ੑɺҠ২ੑɺ࢖༻ੑͷ5ͭ • ࠓճ͸ͦΕΒ඼࣭ಛੑͷதͰ΋ҎԼ2ͭΛऔΓ্͛Δ(ͬ͘͟Γ) • ʮػೳੑɺ৴པੑɺҠ২ੑʯ → ʮίʔυͷಡΈ΍͢͞ʯ • ʮޮ཰ੑɺ࢖༻ੑʯ → ʮԠ౴଎౓ʯ • ʮಡΈ΍͢͞ʯͱʮԠ౴଎౓ʯΛߴΊΔࣄ͕ੑೳͷߴ͞ʹܨ͕Δ

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ʮಡΈ΍͢͞ʯΛߴΊΔ

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ʮಡΈ΍͢͞ʯΛߴΊΔ • PHP7ͷ৽͍͠ه๏͸ՄಡੑΛߴΊΔ • ྫʣ??ԋࢉࢠ • nullͰͳ͚Ε͹ͦͷ஋ΛɺnullͳΒӈΦϖϥϯυΛฦ͢ • ΋͏ isset() Ͱ͍͍ͪͪ֬ೝ͠ͳͯ͘ྑ͍ʂʂʂʂ              // PHP <= 5.6 $name = isset($user["name"]) ? $user["name"] : "໊ແ͠"; // PHP7 $name = $user["name"] ?? "໊ແ͠";

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ʮಡΈ΍͢͞ʯΛߴΊΔ • ྫʣฦΓ஋ͷλΠϓώϯτɺεΧϥܕͷλΠϓώϯτΛαϙʔτ • ؔ਺ͷฦΓ஋ʹܕ͕ࢦఆͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹͳͬͨ • ৽ͨʹint, ﬂoat, string, bool ܕΛαϙʔτ                $num) { $array[$key] = $num * $base; } return $array; } hoge(3); // return [3, 6, 9] hoge("͍͋͏"); // PHP Fatal error: Uncaught TypeError: Argument 1 passed to hoge() must be of the type integer

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ʮಡΈ΍͢͞ʯΛߴΊΔ • ͦͷଞํ๏͸͜͜Ͱશͯڍ͛ΒΕͳ͍΄Ͳ  ͨ͘͞Μ͋Δ • ͦͷதͰ΋ʮίʔσΟϯάن໿ʯ͸  1ͭͷΞϓϩʔν • ʮίʔσΟϯάن໿ʯͱ͍͑͹…

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ʮಡΈ΍͢͞ʯΛߴΊΔ https://speakerdeck.com/fortkle/yasasiikodeingugui-yue-falsedao-ru

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ʮಡΈ΍͢͞ʯΛߴΊΔ • ʮ΍͍͞͠ίʔσΟϯάن໿ʯ • ͍͖ͳΓݫ͍͠ϧʔϧΛద༻͠ͳ͍ • ؇͍ϧʔϧΛಠࣗͰ࡞ΓঃʑʹPSR2ͳͲͷ  ඪ४ʹ͍͍ۙͮͯ͘Ξϓϩʔν • εϥΠυͰ͋·Γ৮Εͳ͔ͬͨ෦෼ • ʮͲ͏΍ͬͯίʔυΛमਖ਼͍ͯ͘͠ͷ͔ʁʯ

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ʮಡΈ΍͢͞ʯΛߴΊΔ • मਖ਼ΛਓͷखͰߦ͏ • ʮԿඦݸ΋εϖʔε΍Πϯσϯτͷमਖ਼Λͨ͘͠ͳ͍ʯ ʮϛε͕ൃੜ͢Δʯ • ग़དྷΔݶΓػցʹ΍ΒͤΔɺࣗಈԽ • phpcbf͕͓͢͢Ί • phpcsΛೖΕ͍ͯΔͳΒطʹΠϯετʔϧ͞Ε͍ͯΔ(!)

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ʮಡΈ΍͢͞ʯΛߴΊΔ • ίϚϯυ࣮ߦ΋phpcsͱ΄΅ಉ༷ɻ • ࣮ߦͯ͠git؅ཧ͢Ε͹मਖ਼׬ྃʂͱ͍͏खܰ͞            // ࣗಈ੔ܗ $ vendor/bin/phpcbf --standard=./phpcs.xml ./app // มߋϑΝΠϧΛgit؅ཧ $ git st $ git add . $ git commit

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ʮಡΈ΍͢͞ʯΛߴΊΔ • ن໿Λ୭Ͱ΋ݟ͑Δॴʹஔ͍͓ͯ͘ͷ΋ॏཁ • ن໿ͷυΩϡϝϯτͱ࣮ࡍͷxmlΛ͋ΘͤΔ  ɹྫʣCookpadɹɹɹɹɹ ྫʣConnehito

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͜͜·Ͱͷࡶͳ·ͱΊ • PHP7ͷه๏͸ʮಡΈ΍͢͞ʯΛߴΊΔ • ίʔσΟϯάن໿Λ༻ҙ͢Δͷ΋1ͭͷख • ͨͩ͠΍ΔͳΒࣗಈ੔ܗ΋ඞਢ • ૣ͘PHP7ʹҠߦͯ͠଎͍PHPΛखʹೖ́ʢ

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ʮԠ౴଎౓ʯΛߴΊΔ

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ʮԠ౴଎౓ʯΛߴΊΔ • PHP7ʹ͢Δ͚ͩͰ͔ͳΓૣ͘ͳΔͬΆ͍ • TwitterͷTLɺPHP7ؔ࿈ͷهࣄɺࢲͷ࣮ମݧ(աڈࢿྉࢀর) • ਖ਼௚ɺҠߦͰେ͖ͳ໰୊͸΄ͱΜͲൃੜ͠ͳ͍(ߴ͍ޙํޓ׵ੑ) • ͔͠͠౰વPHP7ʹ͚ͨͩ͠Ͱ͸ղܾ͠ͳ͍  ϘτϧωοΫ΋ͨ͘͞Μ͋Δ • ʮਪଌ͢ΔͳɺܭଌͤΑʯby ্࢘ UnixͷҒ͍ਓ 

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ʮԠ౴଎౓ʯΛߴΊΔ • ܭଌ͢ΔʹϓϩϑΝΠϥʔͷ࢓ࣄ • PHPʹରԠ͍ͯ͠ΔϓϩϑΝΠϥʔ • ྫ) Xdebug, Xhprof, NewRelic, Blackﬁre.io • PHP7ʹରԠ͍ͯ͠ΔϓϩϑΝΠϥʔ(ॏཁ) • Xdebug ɾɾɾରԠࡁΈ • XhprofɾɾɾެࣜඇରԠʢFork൛ͰରԠࡁVer͋Γʣ • NewRelicɾɾɾ 2016೥3݄7೔ରԠVer ϦϦʔεʂ • Blackﬁre.ioɾɾɾ2016೥2݄2೔ରԠVer ϦϦʔεʂ

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ʮԠ౴଎౓ʯΛߴΊΔ Xdebug Xhprof http://blog.howtelevision.co.jp/entry/2014/11/14/192350 https://www.grafikart.fr/tutoriels/php/blackfire-631 http://newrelic.com/application-monitoring NewRelic Blackfire.io

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ʮԠ౴଎౓ʯΛߴΊΔ • ࠓճ͸XhprofΛ࢖ͬͨࣄྫΛखॱ΋߹Θͤͯ঺հ • ର৅ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ͸CakePHP2Ͱ࡞੒͞Εͨ  ؅ཧը໘ͷΑ͏ͳCRUD͕උΘͬͨҰൠతͳ΋ͷ • ಛʹҰཡϖʔδͷԠ౴଎౓ΛߴΊͯΈΔ • ಋೖ͸͍ͭ͘΋खॱ͕ॻ͔Εͨهࣄ͕͋ΔͷͰͦͪΒ  PHP7ͰXHProfΛར༻͢Δํ๏ʢ࢑ఆ൛ʣ  http://qiita.com/morisuke/items/49f17bda2c764ae8f725

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ʮԠ౴଎౓ʯΛߴΊΔ • هࣄҰཡදࣔը໘ͷϖʔδɻ  هࣄσʔλΛDB͔Βऔಘͯ͠  ੔ܗͯ͠ද͍ࣔͯ͠Δɻ • ࣮ߦ1ճ໨ɻԠ౴଎౓͸ 27.6ඵɻ • Ωϟογϡ΋Կ΋ͤͣߟ͑ͣʹ  શͯͷσʔλ(1ສ݅ఔ౓)Λ  1ϖʔδʹදࣔͯ͠ΈΔͱ͜Μͳײ͡ɻ

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ʮԠ౴଎౓ʯΛߴΊΔ • ॏ͍ͷ͸੺͘ͳ͍ͬͯΔ෦෼ɻ  ͜͜Λॏ఺తʹݟ͍ͯ͘ɻ • ओʹCakeͷ഑ྻૢ࡞ͷ  ศརΫϥε Hash͕ݪҼ • Hash::get()͸15ສճ  Hash::extract()͸9ઍճ  ίʔϧ͞Ε͍ͯΔ • ͜ͷճ਺ΛݮΒͤͳ͍͔ɺ  ࣮ߦՕॴΛ֬ೝ

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ʮԠ౴଎౓ʯΛߴΊΔ • ࣮ߦ2ճ໨ɻԠ౴଎౓͸ 22.3ඵɻ  5.3ඵͷ୹ॖɻ • ΍ͬͨ͜ͱ͸ɺ  DB͔Βσʔλऔಘޙɺ഑ྻͷՃ޻Λ  afterFind(ίʔϧόοΫϝιου)Ͱ  ࣮ߦ͍͕ͯͨ͠ෆཁͳͷͰແޮԽɻ

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ʮԠ౴଎౓ʯΛߴΊΔ • Hash::get()ͷίʔϧ਺͕15ສճ͔Β  12.8ສճ·Ͱ࡟ݮɻ • Hash::extract()ͷίʔϧ਺͕มΘͬͯ  ͍ͳ͔ͬͨͷͰλʔήοτΛ  Hash::extract()ʹઃఆɻෆཁͳॲཧ͕  ͳ͍͔୳͢ɻ • ςϯϓϨʔτ(view)Ͱ Hash::extract()  Λແବʹ࢖͍ͬͯΔ෦෼͕͋ͬͨͷͰ  ผͷॲཧͰஔ͖׵͑ɻ

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ʮԠ౴଎౓ʯΛߴΊΔ • ࣮ߦ3ճ໨ɻԠ౴଎౓͸ 22.1ඵɻ  0.2ඵͷ୹ॖɻ • ΍ͬͨ͜ͱ͸viewͰHash::extract()Λ  ࢖Θͳ͍Α͏ʹ͢Δɻ

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ʮԠ౴଎౓ʯΛߴΊΔ • ॲཧ࣌ؒʹ͸͋·ΓӨڹ͕ͳ͔ͬͨ΋ͷͷ  Hash::extract()ͷίʔϧ਺͕9ઍճ͔Β  7ճʹܹݮʂ • ৽ͨʹHashΫϥε͕ϘτϧωοΫͱͯ͠  ੺͘දࣔ͞ΕΔΑ͏ʹ  → ෆ༻ҙʹHashΫϥεΛଟ༻͠ͳ͍Α͏  ɹʹॻ͖׵͑Δɻ • ৽ͨʹHash::combine()Ϋϥε͕ոͦ͠͏

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ʮԠ౴଎౓ʯΛߴΊΔ • ࣮ߦ4ճ໨ɻԠ౴଎౓͸ 12.0ඵɻ  10.1ඵͷ୹ॖʹ੒ޭʂ • ΍ͬͨ͜ͱ͸Hash::combine()Λ  foreachʹஔ͖׵͑ɻ

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ʮԠ౴଎౓ʯΛߴΊΔ • Hash::combineΛ࢖Θͳ͘ͳͬͨ݁Ռ  ؒ઀తʹHash::extract()΋࢖ΘΕͳ͘ͳΓ  ੺͍ද͕ࣔফ͑Δʂ • ϘτϧωοΫ͕Hash::get()͚ͩʹɻ  Hash::get()͕ͳͥଟ͘ͳ͍ͬͯΔͷ͔  ௐ΂Δ • Conﬁgure::readͰઃఆ஋Λऔಘ͢Δ  ॲཧ͕Hash::get()Λ͔ͳΓίʔϧ͍ͯ͠Δ  ͷͰConﬁgure::readΛফͤͳ͍͔ݕ౼

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ʮԠ౴଎౓ʯΛߴΊΔ • ࣮ߦ5ճ໨ɻԠ౴଎౓͸ 8.7ඵɻ  3.7ඵͷ୹ॖʹ੒ޭʂ • ΍ͬͨ͜ͱ͸ViewHelperΛܦ༝ͯ͠  Conﬁgure::read()Λ࣮ߦ͍ͯͨ͠  ෦෼ΛControllerଆʹ͖࣋ͬͯͯ  ࢖͍ճ͢Α͏ʹ͢Δ

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ʮԠ౴଎౓ʯΛߴΊΔ • Conﬁgure::read()ͷίʔϧ਺͕  11.3ສճ͔Β8.7ສճʹ࡟ݮʂ • ΋ͬͱݮΒͤͳ͍͔ɺෆཁͳ  ViewHelperΛୟ͍͍ͯͳ͍͔  ௐ΂Δɻ • UtilHelperͱ͍͏ͳΜͱ΋  ศརͦ͏ͳϔϧύʔ͕  Conﬁgure::read()Λ͔ͳΓ࣮ߦͯ͠  ͍ͨͷͰλʔήοτʹઃఆ

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ʮԠ౴଎౓ʯΛߴΊΔ • ࣮ߦ6ճ໨ɻԠ౴଎౓͸ 5.9ඵɻ  2.8ඵͷ୹ॖʹ੒ޭʂ • UtilHelper಺Ͱॏෳͯ͠ߦΘΕͯ  ͍ͨॲཧΛControllerଆͰ·ͱΊͯ  ࣮ߦ͠Viewଆʹ౉ͯ͋͛ͨ͠  → View͔Βͷ Conﬁgure::read()ίʔϧ਺  ɹ ͕ܹݮʂ

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ʮԠ౴଎౓ʯΛߴΊΔ • Conﬁgure::read()ͷίʔϧ਺͕  8ສ͔݅Β2ສ݅ʹܹݮɻ  ෭࣍తʹConﬁgure::read()͕ίʔϧ  ͍ͯͨ͠Hash::get()ͷίʔϧ਺΋ݮΓ  ੺͍ද͕ࣔന͘มΘΔ  → ϘτϧωοΫ͕Ҡͬͨ • ࣍͸MysqlपΓ͕ϘτϧωοΫʹ..!    ɹɹɹɹ……ɹ͜ͷ͋ͨΓͰҰ୴ऴྃɻ

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ʮԠ౴଎౓ʯΛߴΊΔ • ࠷ऴతʹɺ 27.6 ඵ͔͔͍ͬͯͨΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ͕  5.9ඵ·Ͱૣ͘ͳͬͨʂʢ͔͠΋PHPͷվम͚ͩͰʂʣ • ΄ͱΜͲಛघͳࣄΛ۪ͤͣ௚ʹʮܭଌͯ͠վળˠܭଌͯ͠ɾɾɾʯΛ  ܁Γฦ͢͜ͱͰίʔυ͸ྑ͘ͳ͍ͬͯ͘(͜ͷؒɺ1~2࣌ؒఔ౓)ɻ • ਪଌͤͣʹ࣮ࡍʹܭଌͯ͠ϘτϧωοΫΛ௵͢ͷ͕େࣄɻ  ͜Ε͕PHP7ʹม͚͑ͨͩͰ͸ղܾ͠ͳ͍໰୊ɻఆظతʹৼΓฦΔͷॏཁɻ • ͨͩɺ͕͢͞ʹ5.9ඵͰ΋ॏ͍ͷͰͦͷޙઃܭ͔Βݟͳ͓ͯ͠  1ඵҎԼʹվળͨ͠ɻ

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·ͱΊ • ૣ͘PHP7ʹҠߦͯ͠଎͍PHPΛखʹೖ́ʢ • ҠߦͰো֐ʹͳΓͦ͏ͳՕॴ͸΄ͱΜͲͳ͍ɻͦΕ͙Β͍ߴ͍ ޙํޓ׵ੑ͕͋Δ • ໰୊͕͋Δͱͨ͠ΒϞδϡʔϧɺ֦ுͳͷͰͦ͜͸࠷৽৘ใʹ ΩϟονΞοϓ͓ͯ͘͠ • PHP7͚ͩͰ͸(PHPͷվળ͚ͩͰ͸)ɺຊ౰ͷʮ଎͞ʯ͸  खʹೖΒͳ͍ͷͰʮಡΈ΍͘͢ʯʮԠ౴଎౓͕଎͍ʯίʔυΛ  อͭΑ͏ʹ͠Α͏

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͓͠·͍