SPARQL入門 / SPARQL primer

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41"32-ೖ໳ ࠃཱ৘ใֶݚڀॴ Ճ౻จ඙ 1 JSTϦϯΫτɾσʔλʢେن໛จݙ৘ใɾγιʔϥεʣΛ࢖͍౗ͦ͏ʂ ʵLODC2016×J-GLOBAL knowledge࿈ܞΠϕϯτʵ

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جૅฤ

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ΫΤϦݴޠ • ༻్ओʹσʔλૢ࡞ • σʔλϞσϧ΍%#γ εςϜʹ߹Θͤͯઃ ܭ 3%# ΫΤϦ %# Ϟσϧ 3%' Ϟσϧ 42- 3FMBUJPOBM Ϟσϧ 3%' 41"32-

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άϥϑͷΫΤϦ • άϥϑͷ࠷খ୯Ґͭ૊ τϦϓϧ • άϥϑύλʔϯ 1. ׬શҰக ECS౦ژ౎ECPDPVOUSZECS೔ຊ 2. ม਺ʹΑΔύλʔϯϚον ECS౦ژ౎ECPDPVOUSZ DPVOUSZ 3. ͱͷ૊Έ߹Θͤ dbr:東京都 dbr:日本 dbo:country

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:Amy :Bob :Cathy :Dan :Jim :Ed :Kate :Gil :Flo :Hal :Ian :Lee :May :like :like :like :like :like :like :like :dislike :dislike :dislike :dislike :dislike :dislike :dislike :dislike ޷͖ݏ͍άϥϑ

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:Amy :Bob :Cathy :Dan :Jim :Ed :Kate :Gil :Flo :Hal :Ian :Lee :May :like :like :like :like :like :like :like :dislike :dislike :dislike :dislike :dislike :dislike :dislike :dislike "NZ͕޷͖ͳਓ άϥϑύλʔϯ "NZMJLF QFSTPO

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41"32- • 42-ͷΑ͏ͳจ๏ • ʹ͕8$קࠂ • σʔλϞσϧ3%' • ϓϩτίϧ)551

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41"32-ΤϯυϙΠϯτ w 41"32-ΫΤϦΛड͚෇͚Δ৔ॴ w ϓϩάϥϜ͔Β41"32-Λ࢖͏ͱ ͖ʹࢦఆ w ϒϥ΢βͰΞΫηεͨ͠ͱ͖༻ʹ ϑΥʔϜ͕͋Δ৔߹΋ w ྫIUUQKBECQFEJBPSHTQBSRM

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dbr:AdministraDveRegion dbr:サイボーグ009 dbo: ComicsCreator dbr:宮城県 dbr:石ノ森章太郎 rdfs:label rdf:type rdfs:label dbo:notableWork dbo:award dbo:birthPlace rdf:type サイボーグ009 ٶ৓ݝ foaf:Person 石ノ森章太郎 rdf:type rdfs:label dbr:村井嘉浩 dbo:leaderName %#QFEJB+BQBOFTFͷάϥϑྫ dbr:手塚治虫文化賞 dbo:Cartoon rdf:type 13&'*9ECSIUUQKBECQFEJBPSHSFTPVSDF 13&'*9ECPIUUQECQFEJBPSHPOUPMPHZ

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dbo:AdministraDveRegion dbr:サイボーグ009 dbo: ComicsCreator dbr:宮城県 dbr:石ノ森章太郎 rdfs:label rdf:type rdfs:label dbo:notableWork dbo:award dbo:birthPlace rdf:type サイボーグ009 宮城県 foaf:Person 石ノ森章太郎 rdf:type rdfs:label dbr:村井嘉浩 dbo:leaderName dbr:手塚治虫文化賞 dbo:Cartoon rdf:type ΫΤϦੴϊ৿ষଠ࿠ͷग़਎஍ 13&'*9ECSIUUQKBECQFEJBPSHSFTPVSDF 13&'*9ECPIUUQECQFEJBPSHPOUPMPHZ 4&-&$5 CJSUI1MBDF 8)&3&\ ECSੴϊ৿ষଠ࿠ECPCJSUI1MBDF CJSUI1MBDF ^

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• SELECT: औಘ͍ͨ͠ม਺Λࢦఆ • SELECT * ͸શͯͷม਺ࢦఆͱಉ౳ • ݁Ռܗࣜ: XML, JSON, CSV, TSV, ... • WHERE: {}಺ʹάϥϑύλʔϯͷ૊Έ߹ΘͤΛهड़ • LIMIT: ݅਺ͷ੍ݶ • 100ͩͱ1-100·Ͱऔಘ • LIMIT͕ͳ͍৔߹͸શ݅औಘ • ྔ͕ଟ͍৔߹͸αʔόʹෛՙΛ͔͚ΔͷͰ஫ҙ • PREFIX: URIΛ୹ॖͯ͠هड़͢ΔͨΊͷ࢓૊Έ • dbr:౦ژ౎ = 13&'*9ECSIUUQKBECQFEJBPSHSFTPVSDF 13&'*9ECPIUUQECQFEJBPSHPOUPMPHZ 4&-&$5 CJSUI1MBDF 8)&3&\ ECSੴϊ৿ষଠ࿠ECPCJSUI1MBDF CJSUI1MBDF ^

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dbo:AdministraDveRegion dbr:サイボーグ009 dbo: ComicsCreator dbr:宮城県 dbr:石ノ森章太郎 rdfs:label rdf:type rdfs:label dbo:notableWork dbo:award dbo:birthPlace rdf:type サイボーグ009 宮城県 foaf:Person 石ノ森章太郎 rdf:type rdfs:label dbr:村井嘉浩 dbo:leaderName dbr:手塚治虫文化賞 dbo:Cartoon rdf:type ΫΤϦख௩࣏஬จԽ৆Λड৆ͨ͠ອըՈ 13&'*9ECSIUUQKBECQFEJBPSHSFTPVSDF 13&'*9ECPIUUQECQFEJBPSHPOUPMPHZ 4&-&$5 DSFBUPS 8)&3&\ DSFBUPSSEGUZQFECP$PNJDT$SFBUPS ECPBXBSEECSख௩࣏஬จԽ৆ ^

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dbo:AdministraDveRegion dbr:サイボーグ009 dbo: ComicsCreator dbr:宮城県 dbr:石ノ森章太郎 rdfs:label rdf:type rdfs:label dbo:notableWork dbo:award dbo:birthPlace rdf:type サイボーグ009 宮城県 foaf:Person rdf:type rdfs:label dbr:村井嘉浩 dbo:leaderName dbp:手塚治虫文化賞 dbo:Cartoon rdf:type ΫΤϦख௩࣏஬จԽ৆Λड৆ͨ͠ອըՈͷ୅දతͳອը 13&'*9ECSIUUQKBECQFEJBPSHSFTPVSDF 13&'*9ECPIUUQECQFEJBPSHPOUPMPHZ 4&-&$5 DSFBUPS/BNF DPNJD/BNF 8)&3&\ DSFBUPSBECP$PNJDT$SFBUPSECPBXBSEECSख௩࣏஬จԽ৆ ECPOPUBCMF8PSL DPNJDSEGTMBCFM DSFBUPS/BNF DPNJDBECP$BSUPPOSEGTMBCFM DPNJD/BNF ^ 石ノ森章太郎

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41"32- w σʔλऔಘ w 4&-&$5 w "4, w %&4$3*#& w $0/4536$5 w ΄΅Ͳ͜Ͱ΋࢖͑Δ

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4&-&$5 ྫ ೚ҙͷͭ૊Λ݅औಘ 4&-&$5 T Q P 8)&3&\ T Q P ^ -*.*5

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"4, • "4,άϥϑύλʔϯʹϚον͢Δ΋ͷ͕͋Δ͔ • ݁ՌZFT͔OP ྫ ੴϊ৿ষଠ࿠ͷग़਎஍ؚ͕·Ε͍ͯΔ͔Ͳ͏͔ 13&'*9ECSIUUQKBECQFEJBPSHSFTPVSDF 13&'*9ECPIUUQECQFEJBPSHPOUPMPHZ "4, 8)&3&\ ECSੴϊ৿ষଠ࿠ECPCJSUI1MBDF CJSUI1MBDF ^

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%&4$3*#& • %&4$3*#&Ϧιʔεʹؔ͢ΔάϥϑΛऔಘ • άϥϑͱͯ͠Կ͕ฦͬͯ͘Δ͔͸࣮૷ґଘ • ର৅ϦιʔεΛTVCKFDU͔PCKFDUʹؚΉͭ૊ͷू߹ • ݁Ռܗࣜ5VSUMF 3%'9.- +40/-%౳ ྫ Պֶٕज़ৼڵػߏʹؔ͢ΔάϥϑΛऔಘ DESCRIBE

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$0/4536$5 • $0/4536$5৽͍͠άϥϑΛ࡞੒ͯ͠औಘ • ݁Ռܗࣜ5VSUMF 3%'9.- +40/-%౳ GPBGOBNFϓϩύςΟͷͭ૊ΛSEGTMBCFMʹͯ͠औಘ 13&'*9SEGTIUUQXXXXPSHSEGTDIFNB 13&'*9GPBGIUUQYNMOTDPNGPBG $0/4536$5\ TSEGTMBCFM P^ 8)&3&\ TGPBGOBNF P^

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/BNFE(SBQI w ετΞ಺ͷෳ਺ͷ3%'άϥϑΛ۠ผ͍ͨ͠ͱ͍͏ཁٻ w σʔληοτͷ༝དྷ w ಛఆͷσʔληοτࢦఆ w ͭ૊ͭ૊άϥϑ*3*

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PREFIX rdfs: PREFIX orth: PREFIX protid: SELECT DISTINCT ?protein_id FROM FROM WHERE { ?group a orth:OrthologGroup ; orth:member+/orth:gene?/orth:protein?/rdfs:seeAlso protid:NP_563687.1 ; orth:member+/orth:gene?/orth:protein?/rdfs:seeAlso ?protein_id . FILTER regex(?protein_id, "identiﬁers.org/ncbiprotein") }

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41"32- w σʔλ؅ཧ w ࡞੒ɾߋ৽ɾ࡟আ༻۟*/4&35 61%"5& %&-&5& -0"% %301 w αʔϏεهड़ w (SBQI4UPSF)5511SPUPDPM

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ϓϩύςΟύε w ௨ৗͷͭ૊ύλʔϯ T Q P w Pͷলུ΍ Qͷ܁Γฦ͠ɼ Qͷٯ޲͖ ౳Λهड़Մೳ PREFIX dbr: PREFIX dbo: PREFIX rdfs: SELECT ?creator ?comicName WHERE { ?creator dbo:notableWork/rdfs:label ?comicName . }

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ϓϩύςΟύεͷྫ w TGPBGLOPXTGPBGLOPXT P w TGPBGLOPXT P w T?GPBGLOPXT P w TGPBGOBNFcSEGTMBCFM P

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ू໿ w $06/5ݸ਺ w 46.߹ܭ w "7(ฏۉ w .*/࠷খ஋ w ."9࠷େ஋ w (3061#:ू໿͢Δม਺ͷࢦఆ

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$06/5 # ৿܆ϦιʔεͷτϦϓϧ਺ SELECT (COUNT(?o) AS ?count) WHERE { ?p ?o . }

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(3061#: ྫ) ΫϥεຖͷΠϯελϯεͷ਺্Ґ100݅Λ߱ॱ SELECT ?class (COUNT(?instance) AS ?noOfInstances) WHERE { ?instance a ?class . } GROUP BY ?class ORDER BY DESC(?noOfInstances) LIMIT 100

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αϒΫΤϦ ྫ) ΫϥεຖͷΠϯελϯεͷ਺ͷฏۉ SELECT (AVG(?noOfInstances) AS ?avg) WHERE { { SELECT ?class (COUNT(?instance) AS ?noOfInstances) WHERE { ?instance a ?class . } GROUP BY ?class } }

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'FEFSBUFEΫΤϦ w 4&37*$&۟αϒΫΤϦͷԆ௕ w ΫΤϦΛ௚઀౤͛ͨΤϯυϙΠϯτҎ֎Λࢦఆͯ͠ ΫΤϦΛ౤͛ΒΕΔ w ϲॴҎ্ͷ41"32-ΤϯυϙΠϯτʹରͯ͠ΫΤϦ Λൃߦͯࣗ͠ಈతʹ݁ՌΛ݁߹ w ·ͩ࢖͑ΔΤϯυϙΠϯτ͕ݶΒΕΔ͕41"32-ͷύ ϫϑϧ͞ͷ৅௃ͷҰͭ

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41"32-&OEQPJOUϦετ w IUUQEBUBIVCJPEBUBTFU RSFT@GPSNBUBQJ'TQBSRM w IUUQTQBSRMFTPLGOPSH w ࣮ମ͸IUUQTQBSRMFTBJXVBDBU

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http://datahub.io/dataset?q=&res_format=api%2Fsparql

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IUUQEBUBIVCJPEBUBTFU RSFT@GPSNBUBQJ'TQBSRM

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Ԡ༻ฤ

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41"32-ͷՄࢹԽ ࣗલ w 41"32-݁Ռ͸ܾ·ͬͨߏ଄ͷ+40/΍9.-ͳͷͰɺ ௚઀)551Ͱ໰͍߹Θͤͯ࢖͑͹ྑ͍ w ଟ͘ͷݴޠͰ͸41"32-ॲཧ༻ͷϥΠϒϥϦ΋͋Δ w දࣔ෦෼͸ࣗલͰ࡞Δඞཁ͕͋Δ function query(endpoint, sparql, callback) { var url = endpoint + "?query=" + encodeURIComponent(sparql); $.getJSON(url, function(json){ callback(json) } }

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41"32-ՄࢹԽϥΠϒϥϦ w ϥΠϒϥϦʹԊͬͨΫΤϦΛॻ͚ͩ͘ͰՄ ࢹԽՄೳ w ϥΠϒϥϦ͕41"32-݁Ռܗ͔ࣜΒՄࢹԽ ϥΠϒϥϦͷσʔλߏ଄΁ͷม׵Λ੥͚ෛ ͏ w ྫETQBSRMɺ3ɺTHWJ[MFSɺ41"32- 5JNFMJOFS

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ETQBSRMKT w +BWB4DSJQUϥΠϒϥϦ w 41"32-݁ՌΛEKTͰՄࢹԽ w WFSTJPOͷҰ෦ʹରԠ w IUUQCJPIBDLBUIPOPSHETQBSRM w IUUQTHJUIVCDPNLUZNETQBSRM

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IUUQTEKTPSH

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IUUQTHJUIVCDPNEEXJLJ(BMMFSZ

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IUUQCJPIBDLBUIPOPSHETQBSRM

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IUUQTHJUIVCDPNLUZNETQBSRM

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ରԠܗࣜ w $IBSU w #BSDIBSU w 4DBUUFSQMPU w 1JFDIBSU w (SBQI w 'PSDFHSBQ I w 4BOLFZ w 5SFF w %FOESPHSB N w 5SFFNBQ w 5SFFNBQ;P PN w 3PVOE5SFF w $JSDMFQBDL w 4VOCVSTU w .BQ w $PPSENBQ w /BNFE NBQ w 5BCMF w )5.- 5BCMF w )5.- )BTI

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#BSDIBSUαϯϓϧ w IUUQTHJUIVCDPNGVNJEFYHJU w FYBNQMFTCBSDIBSUIUNMΛ։͘ w 2VFSZϘλϯΛԡ͢

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PREFIX rdfs: PREFIX yago: PREFIX dbo: SELECT ?label ?size WHERE { ?s a yago:WikicatPrefecturesOfJapan ; rdfs:label ?label; dbo:areaTotal ?area_total . FILTER (lang(?label) = 'ja') BIND ((?area_total / 1000000) AS ?size) FILTER (str(?s) != 'http://dbpedia.org/resource/Onjuku') } ORDER BY DESC(?size)

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OBNFENBQΫΤϦ function exec() { var endpoint = d3.select("#endpoint").property("value") var sparql = d3.select("#sparql").property("value") d3sparql.query(endpoint, sparql, render) } function render(json) { var config = { "label_x": "౎ಓ෎ݝ", "label_y": "໘ੵ", "var_x": "label", "var_y": "size", "width": 800, "height": 400, "margin": 100, "selector": "#result" } d3sparql.barchart(json, config) } ର৅ͷม਺໊ΛDPOpHͰࢦఆ #BSDIBSUͷݺͼग़͠

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1JFDIBSU w CBSDIBSUIUNMΛQJFDIBSUIUNMʹίϐʔ w QJFDIBSUIUNMΛΤσΟλͰ։͘ w ETQBSRMKTͷதͷETQBSRMQJFDIBSUͷί ϝϯτ෦෼Λࢀরͯ͠ɺQJFDIBSUIUNMͷ GVODUJPOSFOEFS Λॻ͖׵͑Δ

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OBNFENBQΫΤϦ function render(json) { var config = { "label": "label", "size": "size", "width": 600, "height": 600, "margin": 10, "hole": 200, "selector": "#result" } d3sparql.piechart(json, config) }

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w ਓޱີ౓Λܭࢉͯ͠஍ਤͰՄࢹԽ w 5PQPKTPO w λεΫ w OBNFENBQIUNMΛ࣮ߦ w %#QFEJBͰ41"32-ΫΤϦ࣮ߦ w OBNFENBQIUNMͷιʔεಡΈ /BNFENBQ

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PREFIX rdfs: PREFIX yago: PREFIX dbo: SELECT DISTINCT ?s ?label ?population ?area ?density WHERE { ?s a yago:WikicatPrefecturesOfJapan ; rdfs:label ?label ; dbo:populationTotal ?population ; dbo:areaTotal ?area . BIND (xsd:float(?population)/xsd:float(?area/1000000) AS ?density) FILTER (lang(?label) = 'ja' ) FILTER (str(?s) != 'http://dbpedia.org/resource/Onjuku') } ORDER BY DESC(?density) ಛఆͷม਺໊ΛOBNFENBQͷDPOpHͰࢦఆ

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OBNFENBQΫΤϦ function exec() { var endpoint = d3.select("#endpoint").property("value") var sparql = d3.select("#sparql").property("value") d3sparql.query(endpoint, sparql, render) } function render(json) { var config = { "label": "label", "value": "density", "topojson": "https://gist.githubusercontent.com/fumi/ 521c759efe0648b3c1296c5a869b3406/raw/ 39e94dae1c46ed71d88529038f3ff45e681b257c/japan.topojson", "mapname": "japan", "color_max": "red", "color_min": "white", "center_lat": 34, "center_lng": 137, "scale": 1500, "selector": "#result" } d3sparql.namedmap(json, config) }

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w 4VOCVSTU౳ w %#QFEJB+BQBOFTF ͷσʔλͰిंӺ ؒͷྡ઀ؔ܎ΛՄ ࢹԽ ໦ߏ଄ՄࢹԽ

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OBNFENBQΫΤϦ PREFIX rdf: PREFIX rdfs: PREFIX dbpedia-owl: PREFIX prop-ja: SELECT ?root_name ?parent_name ?child_name WHERE { VALUES ?root_name { "౦ژӺ"@ja } ?root rdfs:label ?root_name . ?root prop-ja:࣍ͷӺ{1,5} ?child . ?parent prop-ja:࣍ͷӺ ?child . MINUS { ?child prop-ja:࣍ͷӺ ?parent . } ?parent rdfs:label ?parent_name . ?child rdfs:label ?child_name . FILTER (LANG(?parent_name) = 'ja') FILTER (LANG(?child_name) = 'ja') } GROUP BY ?root_name ?parent_name ?child_name ஫ҙ͜ͷ෦෼͸ ඪ४࢓༷Ͱ͸ͳ͍